Alleviation of water limited stress in the grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria symbiosis

Alleviation of water limited stress in the grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria symbiosis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Alleviation of water limited stress in the grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria symbiosis Hamid Reza Shamsaee, Meysam Oveysi, Mohammad Nasri, Hamid Reza Larijani, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6098839/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) is a considerable leguminous crop, but its growth and development are astricted by drought, which is intimidatory to grass pea production especially in arid or semiarid regions. Farmers are currently adopting good agricultural practices in the crop production. When producing forage, bio organic nutrients are being considered as a better alternative to chemical fertilizers. Here, two consecutive-year of experiments were conduct to investigate the efficiency of bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in changing the growth and yield related traits of grass pea under different irrigation regimes (well watered, mild and severe limited water conditions). The results demonstrated that the unfertilized and stressed plants had the lowest performance of grass pea, while plants inoculated with biofertilizers performed the best. The limited water caused a decline in total chlorophyll content (20.3%), leaf area index (20.32%), relative water index (5.5%), seeds/pod (2.9%), pods/plant (20.23%), 1000-seed weight (2.92%), pod harvest index (0.72%), seed yield (24.5%) and biological yield (17.69%) relative to well-watered treatment, over two years. Rhizobium bacteria inoculation enhanced contents of relative water, seeds/pod, 100-seed weight, biological yield and pod harvest index by average of 9.25%, 4.82%, 4.81%, 16.78% and 1.36%. Moreover, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation increased the relative water content (7.7%), seeds/pod (3.8%), 1000-seed weight (3.9%), pod harvest index (1.04%) and pod partitioning index (13.9%). It can be concluded that application of a mixture of biofertilizers belonging to different groups could be a beneficial method and show a positive effect on the ​productivity of grass pea under limited water conditions. field inoculation Mycorrhiza fungi Soil microorganisms fertilizers biofertilizer assimilate remobilization seed metabolism plant partitioning partitioning pattern leaf pod Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6098839","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":423278082,"identity":"c936acf2-a698-4a57-adda-1ffd34bccd34","order_by":0,"name":"Hamid Reza Shamsaee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hamid","middleName":"Reza","lastName":"Shamsaee","suffix":""},{"id":423278083,"identity":"9e2d6dc7-414c-4a76-bd27-418add694a45","order_by":1,"name":"Meysam Oveysi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACAyj9gYEhgTQtjDOI1wIFzDzEaOGXSD4m+aNgm5zB+cNPN9u22eXxszcwfviYg1uL5Iy0NGkeg9vGBjfSzG7ntiUXS/YcYJacuQ23FoMzZ8ykGQxuJ264wQDSwgxkJLAx8+LVcv6b5A+D2/Ubzh//dtuyrZ4ILcd72CSADkswOJBjdpux7TBhLZLtbcbWQC2GM2/klN3sOXc8cWbPwWa8fuFnZn5488ef2/J8549vu/GjrDqxn7354IePeLQAAYsEiFQ4ACQY2UBMxga86oGA+QOIlAer+0NI8SgYBaNgFIxEAABXp1lPYIk1BAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Meysam","middleName":"","lastName":"Oveysi","suffix":""},{"id":423278084,"identity":"b6030b2a-637d-4d15-877e-bece27bad733","order_by":2,"name":"Mohammad Nasri","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"","lastName":"Nasri","suffix":""},{"id":423278085,"identity":"d9615a50-1f83-4fe0-8969-0019a7150167","order_by":3,"name":"Hamid Reza Larijani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hamid","middleName":"Reza","lastName":"Larijani","suffix":""},{"id":423278086,"identity":"3a92f7d6-8dbe-41b3-add3-132cd11e98a3","order_by":4,"name":"Hamid Reza Tohidi Moghadam","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hamid","middleName":"Reza Tohidi","lastName":"Moghadam","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-24 16:53:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6098839/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6098839/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":78326743,"identity":"126a15ce-d27f-4383-a046-44a60e3626e0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-12 06:31:53","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":438448,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptwithauthorsdetailsShamsaeeetal.1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6098839/v1_covered_8906245a-44c2-4ccb-b8c4-aa2254a69af6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Alleviation of water limited stress in the grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria symbiosis","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"field inoculation, Mycorrhiza fungi, Soil microorganisms, fertilizers, biofertilizer, assimilate remobilization, seed metabolism, plant partitioning, partitioning pattern, leaf, pod","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6098839/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6098839/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eGrass pea (\u003cem\u003eLathyrus sativus\u003c/em\u003e L.) is a considerable leguminous crop, but its growth and development are astricted by drought, which is intimidatory to grass pea production especially in arid or semiarid regions. 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