Effects of North Atlantic summer marine heatwaves on Arctic sea ice freeze-up delay: modulation by atmospheric teleconnections

Effects of North Atlantic summer marine heatwaves on Arctic sea ice freeze-up delay: modulation by atmospheric teleconnections | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effects of North Atlantic summer marine heatwaves on Arctic sea ice freeze-up delay: modulation by atmospheric teleconnections Xuan Zhou, Jie Su, Tianhao Zhao, Han Zhang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4914095/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Since the early 21st century, the Arctic sea ice melting season has significantly lengthened, primarily due to delayed freeze onset (FO). We identify the northern Chukchi and East Siberian Seas as the FO key area with the most significant interannual variability in Arctic FO and link it to extreme ocean events, particularly marine heatwaves (MHWs) in North Atlantic. The results show that, in July, intense and persistent MHWs occurred near southeast Greenland Island (seGI), which served as a strong near-surface heat source, with warm air masses ascending up to 300 hPa. This facilitated the development of planetary-scale wave activity flux (WAF) in August. The WAF over seGI, together with the WAF from the Pacific side, resulted in a strengthened anticyclonic circulation prevailed over the FO key area in September. The abnormal descending warm airflow caused by anticyclonic circulation resulted in a two-week delay in FO in its key area compared to the climatology. Unlike general warm sea surface temperature, MHW-induced anomalous heat release can reach the higher atmospheric level (300hPa), which is less affected by disturbances from lower and higher atmosphere, more accessibly impacting the Arctic sea ice. Arctic freeze onset (FO) marine heatwaves (MHWs) atmospheric teleconnections wave activity flux (WAF) Full Text Supplementary Files SupplementaryMaterial.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4914095","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":342433318,"identity":"99c6d569-d583-4f57-8b28-52e12e0d6d7c","order_by":0,"name":"Xuan Zhou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ocean University of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhou","suffix":""},{"id":342433319,"identity":"cdf0150e-20b1-4dd9-a78a-9f2c90ca1d8f","order_by":1,"name":"Jie Su","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAuUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHCChAMMFRCWBAlazpCohYGBsY0ULfIzEh4e+DjPJrG/gfngbR4GuzyCWgxuJCQcnLktLXHGAbZkax6G5GLCWiQSEg7zbjucuIGBx0yah+FAYgMRDks4/HcOSAv/N+K0MAAddpixAWwLG3FaDM48SDjYcyzNeMZhNmPLOQbJRDisPSf5w48aG9n+9uaHN95U2BHhMAaeBAjNDLaUsHogYD9AlLJRMApGwSgYwQAAhj09ty/DO0kAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-1185","institution":"Ocean University of China","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jie","middleName":"","lastName":"Su","suffix":""},{"id":342433320,"identity":"b05f73b8-f696-4e56-8205-a9d3d25b1ae2","order_by":2,"name":"Tianhao Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zhejiang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tianhao","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":342433321,"identity":"50b6d2e0-7c88-4d22-be1e-b328f17fb188","order_by":3,"name":"Han Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ocean University of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Han","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-08-14 13:48:07","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4914095/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4914095/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":72701779,"identity":"183f6c95-9f9c-4e67-b38a-42ded765ccaf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-31 12:36:34","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1566703,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscriptxuanzhou.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4914095/v1_covered_4eae93a2-9c19-4579-a4ea-f453b2dde3cf.pdf"},{"id":64741849,"identity":"a9b5b34c-a429-4919-9815-e31df71a8c01","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-18 09:00:47","extension":"pdf","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":3243328,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMaterial.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4914095/v1/8104f321a3651adcbea65294.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Effects of North Atlantic summer marine heatwaves on Arctic sea ice freeze-up delay: modulation by atmospheric teleconnections","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Arctic freeze onset (FO), marine heatwaves (MHWs), atmospheric teleconnections, wave activity flux (WAF)","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4914095/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4914095/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSince the early 21st century, the Arctic sea ice melting season has significantly lengthened, primarily due to delayed freeze onset (FO). We identify the northern Chukchi and East Siberian Seas as the FO key area with the most significant interannual variability in Arctic FO and link it to extreme ocean events, particularly marine heatwaves (MHWs) in North Atlantic. The results show that, in July, intense and persistent MHWs occurred near southeast Greenland Island (seGI), which served as a strong near-surface heat source, with warm air masses ascending up to 300 hPa. This facilitated the development of planetary-scale wave activity flux (WAF) in August. The WAF over seGI, together with the WAF from the Pacific side, resulted in a strengthened anticyclonic circulation prevailed over the FO key area in September. The abnormal descending warm airflow caused by anticyclonic circulation resulted in a two-week delay in FO in its key area compared to the climatology. 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