A Comprehensive Review of Maximum Power Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Systems

Various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have been proposed to optimize the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. These techniques differ in several aspects such as design simplicity, convergence speed, implementation types (analog or digital), decision optimal point accuracy, effectiveness range, hardware costs, and algorithmic modes. Choosing the most suitable MPPT controller is crucial in PV system design as it directly impacts the overall cost of PV solar modules. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of 65 MPPT techniques for PV solar systems, covering optimization, traditional, intelligent, and hybrid methodologies. A comparative analysis of these techniques, considering cost, tracking speed, and system stability, indicates that hybrid approaches exhibit higher efficiency albeit with increased complexity and cost. Amidst existing PV system review literature, this paper contributes serves as an updated comprehensive reference for researchers involved in MPPT PV solar system design.