Propagation and amplification law of undetermined stray light and influence of signal-to-noise ratio in a multipass amplifier system

Multipass amplifier systems in areas such as high-energy-density physics and astrophysics play an important role, but the undetermined stray light caused by defects seriously influencing the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and even resulting in the failure of the main pulse bombardment. In this study, the modulation of nondeterministic stray light caused by the defects in the optical paths of different components in a multipass amplifier system was examined, and a Mie scattering model of multi-crack defects established. Using ray-tracing simulation, the spatial and temporal distribution of stray light was analysed, and experimental verification was conducted. The law of energy amplification for nondeterministic stray light caused by component defect modulation and an empirical formula for the signal to noise ratio of the pre-pulse system were established. This study provides a reference for the accurate troubleshooting of components, optical path defects and an important theoretical basis for the processing and correction of system components.