Sulfonated Pyromellitic Dianhydride-functionalized MCM-41: A Multifunctional Hybrid Catalyst for Melting-assisted Solvent-free Synthesis of Bioactive 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones

This study introduces a practical approach to fabricate a novel hybrid catalyst of namely sulfonated pyromellitic dianhydride-aminopropyl silane-functionalized MCM-41 (MCM-41-APS-PMDA-SO 3 H). Various microscopic, spectroscopic methods and techniques such as FTIR, TGA, XRD, FESEM, and EDX were used to confirm its structural characteristics. The efficiency of the new MCM-41-APS-PMDA-SO 3 H organosilica nanomaterials, as a heterogenous nanocatalyst, was evaluated in promoting the synthesis of biologically active 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1 H )-one derivatives under solvent-free conditions. It is not only a nano-porous material for enriching reactants with high surface area provided, but also possesses great acidic sites to activate carbonyl groups. Furthermore, favored reusability of the new introduced hybrid organosilica with negligible loss of its activity, easy and quick isolation of the products are the main advantages of this procedure.