CB1R Regulates Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels via CHOP, Contributing to Hepatic Leptin Resistance

The soluble isoform of leptin receptor (sOb-R), secreted by the liver, regulates leptin bioavailability and bioactivity. Its reduced levels in diet-induced obesity (DIO) contributes to hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance, effects that are known to be regulated by the endocannabinoid (eCB)/CB 1 R system. Here we show that pharmacological activation/blockade as well as genetic overexpression/deletion of hepatic CB 1 R modulates sOb-R levels and consequently hepatic leptin resistance. Interestingly, peripheral CB 1 R blockade failed to reverse DIO-induced reduction of sOb-R levels, fat mass, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis in mice lacking C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), whereas direct activation of CB 1 R in hepatocytes reduced sOb-R levels in a CHOP-dependent manner. Moreover, CHOP stimulation increased sOb-R expression and release via a direct regulation of its promoter, while CHOP deletion reduced leptin sensitivity. Our findings highlight a novel molecular aspect by which the hepatic eCB/CB 1 R system involves in the development of hepatic leptin resistance by regulating sOb-R levels via CHOP. Summary Here we describe a novel molecular aspect by which the hepatic endocannabinoid/CB 1 R system contributes to hepatic leptin resistance by regulating soluble leptin receptor levels via CHOP.