Seismic Capacity Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 2023 Turkey Earthquake: Relation of Base Shear Strength Coefficients and RC Wall Area Ratios to Damage and Comparison with Other Earthquake-Prone Countries

Seismic Capacity Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 2023 Turkey Earthquake: Relation of Base Shear Strength Coefficients and RC Wall Area Ratios to Damage and Comparison with Other Earthquake-Prone Countries | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Seismic Capacity Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 2023 Turkey Earthquake: Relation of Base Shear Strength Coefficients and RC Wall Area Ratios to Damage and Comparison with Other Earthquake-Prone Countries Hamood Alwashali, Debasish SEN, Jonathan MONICAL This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6711430/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study presents an analysis of 202 reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Turkey affected by the 2023 earthquake, using concepts from the Japanese standard evaluation method. The focus is on the correlation between the base shear strength coefficient and observed damage. Comparative assessments of buildings affected by past earthquakes, including the 1995 Kobe, 2015 Nepal, 2016 Taiwan, and 2016 Ecuador events, indicate a strong relationship between structural damage and the base shear strength coefficient. The average coefficient for the Turkish buildings was estimated at approximately 0.2, while higher values approaching 0.4 were observed for buildings surveyed after the 1995 Kobe and 2016 Taiwan earthquakes, which reflect stiffness-focused design practices. Buildings with lower coefficients tended to experience more severe damage. In addition, a higher proportion of RC wall area, specifically 0.3 percent or more relative to the total floor area, was associated with a reduced likelihood of severe damage. The observed correlation between an increased base shear strength coefficient and reduced damage, not only in the 2023 Turkey earthquake but also in the past earthquakes investigated in this study, reflects a core principle of Japanese seismic design, which emphasizes stiffness and strength over ductility. This underscores the critical role of RC walls in enhancing seismic performance and reducing structural damage. Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6711430","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":460956195,"identity":"76b05b4b-fa09-4180-b699-1a1cf843df82","order_by":0,"name":"Hamood Alwashali","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAzDJZsMggSIsgU0tqpY00rUcxqsIFZizn0588KHsvJxk+xnDTzdqGBIb2A8/YLDcgVuLZU/uZsMZ524bS/PkGEvnHANq4UkzYJA8g8dhB3K3SfO23U6cx5BjIJ3D9j+xgSGHgUGyDY+W829BWs4lzuN/Y/w75x/QFv43BLTcANtyIHG2RI6ZdG4bUIsEIVtuvAX5JdlYcsazMuvcPgbjNolnBgfw+uV87kZgiNnJSZxP3nw75xuDbD9/8sPHknhCDAlwQOMIiA9LNhClhf0BnMn4kTgto2AUjIJRMDIAAGFZT//4O3iIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-059X","institution":"Okayama University: Okayama Daigaku","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hamood","middleName":"","lastName":"Alwashali","suffix":""},{"id":460956196,"identity":"fe4e96fe-3221-4be0-a863-b1b8933faee1","order_by":1,"name":"Debasish SEN","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Debasish","middleName":"","lastName":"SEN","suffix":""},{"id":460956197,"identity":"586d7271-313d-43bd-9288-50a2abe2715e","order_by":2,"name":"Jonathan MONICAL","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tohoku University: Tohoku Daigaku","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jonathan","middleName":"","lastName":"MONICAL","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-21 01:19:33","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6711430/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6711430/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":86613487,"identity":"3a4df222-9e2b-4659-ac8a-427cc6ece1bb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-13 21:50:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":946020,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TurkeysEQpaper20250521ver2.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6711430/v1_covered_bdaa83c8-44b6-4d6c-9542-38ce8fae1624.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Seismic Capacity Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 2023 Turkey Earthquake: Relation of Base Shear Strength Coefficients and RC Wall Area Ratios to Damage and Comparison with Other Earthquake-Prone Countries","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6711430/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6711430/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study presents an analysis of 202 reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Turkey affected by the 2023 earthquake, using concepts from the Japanese standard evaluation method. 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