Surgical landmarks for identification and preservation of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Objective: To determine the topographical anatomic features of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (ibSLN) at the thyrohyoid membrane entrance area in relation to certain consistent anatomical structures. Material: -Method: Twenty-two fresh adult head cadavers (9 male, 13 female; age range 52- 95 years) with no signs of abnormality in the neck were dissected to determine the anatomic relationship of ibSLN and superior border of thyroid cartilage, thyroid notch, carotis bifurcation, hyoid corpus and hyoid greater cornus. Result: The topographical relationship between ibSLN and superior border of thyroid cartilage, thyroid notch, carotis bifurcation, hyoid corpus and hyoid greater cornus was identified bilaterally in all cadavers. Conclusion: We provided the surgical anatomy and important landmarks for determining the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve in the thyrohyoid membrane entrance region to avoid surgical damage during surgeries of this region.