Design and Analysis of a Crescent-Shaped MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

The present study introduces an innovative MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna for fifth generation (5G) wireless applications operating in the millimeter wave (mm-Wave) band. The antenna is designed using a crescent concept on three superposed balls, similar to the symbol on top of a mosque minaret. The proposed design is developed on a 20×10 mm2 FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a tangent loss of 0.002. The frequency range of the proposed antenna is between 27.3 to 28.9 GHz, and it offers excellent isolation (> 25 dB). The authors have conducted a parametric analysis and surface current distribution to optimize the parameters and analyze the coupling between the elements. The performance of the design is evaluated based on various criteria such as efficiency (> 95%), peak gain (> 14 dBi), and radiation patterns (E and H fields). The diversity parameters (ECC, DG and CCL) have been calculated and verified, and the results of the fabricated prototype have been compared to the simulated results, which are found to be in good agreement.