Some molecular aspects of larval development in Paralithodes camtschaticus

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Abstract The transcriptome of the red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus , was sequenced at four developmental stages: zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, and juveniles. Based on our RNA-seq data and paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, the transcriptome assembly for P. camtschaticus that we obtained has proven to be the most complete of those reported to date. An analysis of enriched processes at different stages has shown, that some of adaptations, e.g., to elevated temperature and hypoxia, do not appear in early larvae. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal conditions for normal larval development and reduce mortality rates. According to the results of the expression profile clustering and transcription factor (TF) search, most TFs are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune responses. The data obtained provide an additional basis for deeper investigation into the mechanisms of the biphasic life cycle in decapods and can be helful in commercial red king crab stock enhancement programs.
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Some molecular aspects of larval development in Paralithodes camtschaticus | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Some molecular aspects of larval development in Paralithodes camtschaticus Alexey V. Boyko, Igor Yu. Dolmatov, Alexander S. Girich, Sergey I. Maslennikov This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4278925/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 28 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in PLOS ONE → Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract The transcriptome of the red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus , was sequenced at four developmental stages: zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, and juveniles. Based on our RNA-seq data and paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, the transcriptome assembly for P. camtschaticus that we obtained has proven to be the most complete of those reported to date. An analysis of enriched processes at different stages has shown, that some of adaptations, e.g., to elevated temperature and hypoxia, do not appear in early larvae. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal conditions for normal larval development and reduce mortality rates. According to the results of the expression profile clustering and transcription factor (TF) search, most TFs are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune responses. The data obtained provide an additional basis for deeper investigation into the mechanisms of the biphasic life cycle in decapods and can be helful in commercial red king crab stock enhancement programs. Aquaculture and Mariculture Marine and Freshwater Ecology Developmental Biology Bioinformatics Paralithodes camtschaticus larval development transcriptome Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files DataS1.tar.gz Data S1. Files with mapped events, TPM values, and edgeR results of the evaluation of differential expression at third developmental stages relative to the zoea I sample. DataS2.tar.gz Data S2. Data files needed for GSEA analysis and creation of Figure 3. TableS1.tsv Table S1. The basic features of analyzed Illumina paired-end libraries after filtration. TableS2.tsv Table S2. Results of BLASTp search of transcriptome best hits against Chinese mitten crab proteome. TableS3.tsv Table S3. Results of BLASTp search of genome best hits against Chinese mitten crab proteome. TableS4.tsv Table S4. Results of BLASTp search of best hits against NCBI protein non-redundant database. TableS5.xls Table S5. Taxonomy report of the best hits at the NCBI protein non-redundant database. TableS6.tsv Table S6. List ofthe orthologs of D. melanogaster proteins. TableS7.tsv Table S7. List of the putative orthologs of D. melanogaster transcription factors. TableS8.tsv Table S8. List of the putative precursors of antimicrobial peptides with CAMP RF probability, LogFC, FDR, and TPM values. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 28 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in PLOS ONE → Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4278925","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":294458494,"identity":"75e8507b-d509-48ec-90cd-e7c1ec58f700","order_by":0,"name":"Alexey V. Boyko","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACdjBpwdjGwHwAyJCQIayFmRlESgC1sCWAGDzEa2lg4DEAsQhr4W/mP/i4okJCto//zOdXN2oseBjYDx/dgE+LxGFmZsMzZySM2yRyt1nnHAM6jCct7QZeaw4zs0k2tkkktknwbjPOYQNqkeAxw6tF/jAz+0+wFv4zz4xz/hGhxQBoCyNYC0MO8+PcNiK0GB5mNpZsAPslzYw5t0+Ch42QX+SONz782FBhIzu///Djzznf6uT42Q8fw+99JMAmASaJVQ4CzB9IUT0KRsEoGAUjBwAAfPRAGNrCSqMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0342-9104","institution":"A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alexey","middleName":"V.","lastName":"Boyko","suffix":""},{"id":294458495,"identity":"31a0184a-daaa-4737-bc77-537113b9f39a","order_by":1,"name":"Igor Yu. Dolmatov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"A.V. 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Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sergey","middleName":"I.","lastName":"Maslennikov","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-17 02:53:22","currentVersionCode":2,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4278925/v2","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4278925/v2","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322234","type":"published","date":"2025-04-29T00:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":68272291,"identity":"f606cd80-f09d-4a16-b0ff-6d325357b377","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:20","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5223788,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDevelopmental stages of \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP. camtschaticus \u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eused in the study.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e) Zoea I, (\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e) zoea IV, (\u003cstrong\u003eC\u003c/strong\u003e) glaucothoe, and (\u003cstrong\u003eD\u003c/strong\u003e) first-stage juvenile.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/58f4876abb0df3ec798481e2.png"},{"id":68272290,"identity":"53994e28-3167-42b0-9a9f-c6fa8675676d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:20","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":273259,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBasic comparison of CDSs from genome and current transcriptome assemblies.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e)\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eBUSCO assessment results based on arthropod core genes. (\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e) Length distribution and basic statistical parameters of CDSs that aligned with Chinese mitten crab proteins; values in brackets correspond to CDSs with a length of more than 200 bp with significant BLAST hits in the Chinese mitten crab proteome.\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eFor comparative analysis, we used the genome assembly from Veldsman et al. study\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/519361b7d4566380ba73dacc.png"},{"id":68272298,"identity":"44682e8d-eeab-40e4-a8f3-c95f728fbb67","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":604959,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBrief description of results of differential expression analysis.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e) Average LogFC of up- and downregulated DEGs. (\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e) Correlation map of all RNA-seq samples. (\u003cstrong\u003eC\u003c/strong\u003e) Venn diagram of up- and downregulated (\u003cstrong\u003eD\u003c/strong\u003e) DEGs.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/904fcc34afeb45a048ad8163.png"},{"id":68272530,"identity":"0158bab7-647f-4cdb-9aef-c4208beba173","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 14:04:20","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":727408,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGSEA NES values of significantly enriched processes at three stages of development relative to those at the zoea I stage.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlack asterisk indicates a p-value \u0026lt; 0.05; red asterisk, a q-value \u0026lt; 0.25.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/4e15c4815f865bc54751740c.png"},{"id":68272532,"identity":"66ef5a5c-69ac-403a-8d1c-41b4697c84e6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 14:04:20","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1690164,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGene cluster and TF gene expression profiles.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e) Clusters 1 and 2 has a positive peak, and cluster 11 has a negative peak at the zoea I stage. (\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e) Clusters 3 and 22, in which the expression levels gradually increased and decreased, respectively. (\u003cstrong\u003eC\u003c/strong\u003e)Cluster 20 has positive peaks at the zoea I and IV stages. (\u003cstrong\u003eD\u003c/strong\u003e)Clusters 10 and 31 have positive and negative peaks, respectively, at the zoea IV stage. (\u003cstrong\u003eE\u003c/strong\u003e) Cluster 7 has positive peaks at the zoea IV and glaucothoe stages. (\u003cstrong\u003eF\u003c/strong\u003e) Cluster 6 has peaks at the zoea IV and juvenile stages. (\u003cstrong\u003eG\u003c/strong\u003e) Clusters 32 and 8 have positive and negative peaks, respectively, at the glaucothoe stage. (\u003cstrong\u003eH\u003c/strong\u003e) Cluster 13 has positive peaks at the glaucothoe and juvenile stages. (\u003cstrong\u003eI\u003c/strong\u003e) Clusters 4 and 9 have positive and negative peaks, respectively, at the juvenile stage.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/360f546d886ecf01212ac418.png"},{"id":68272295,"identity":"4f6cf366-8178-4a49-bfba-1d24f4aeefde","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":367280,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAMP precursor expression profiles.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRed line indicates the 67.425 TPM value (third quantile). The peptides are taken from Yakovlev's study\u003csup\u003e14\u003c/sup\u003e and their names correspond to the APD3 database identifier.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/5d500a7474bfaa720b992dd8.png"},{"id":100266669,"identity":"f1461d73-c935-404f-a96e-c86283f88706","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-14 18:36:48","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2587617,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Pcam9.1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2_covered_44bfd549-fc0d-4418-b410-960cf542e05b.pdf"},{"id":68273499,"identity":"d90b1bca-7fc6-4701-8f64-736d6745aa6c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 14:12:20","extension":"gz","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1768500,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData S1. Files with mapped events, TPM values, and edgeR results of the evaluation of differential expression at third developmental stages relative to the zoea I sample.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"DataS1.tar.gz","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/4405808a3e733250d7354959.gz"},{"id":68272292,"identity":"bcb55e42-6ccb-435f-9f91-8aedf6cf4583","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:20","extension":"gz","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":583927,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData S2. Data files needed for GSEA analysis and creation of Figure 3.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"DataS2.tar.gz","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/a5c5702be00bc4c4d4912209.gz"},{"id":68273825,"identity":"662ea3f8-da37-444a-8466-2622c10b7b26","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 14:20:20","extension":"tsv","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":4814,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S1. The basic features of analyzed Illumina paired-end libraries after filtration.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS1.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/42329847913ea7039a4a9ded.tsv"},{"id":68272305,"identity":"b9e8c2c9-534e-4ae0-803d-df59f495bce1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2489175,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S2. Results of BLASTp search of transcriptome best hits against Chinese mitten crab proteome.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS2.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/a93bdcea534a4c036be81394.tsv"},{"id":68272534,"identity":"7dbd1dfb-8343-4af9-878c-3fb86c3503c5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 14:04:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2149021,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S3. Results of BLASTp search of genome best hits against Chinese mitten crab proteome.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS3.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/36e2a8a1e2011fe33ccea2b8.tsv"},{"id":68272304,"identity":"767da446-7cbb-4715-a128-e95d265a127a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":13681438,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S4. Results of BLASTp search of best hits against NCBI protein non-redundant database.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS4.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/67dde10cc40ebce8cda766b8.tsv"},{"id":68272301,"identity":"05b20db7-0c99-4328-880a-b5848a90cf8d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"xls","order_by":7,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":9728,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S5. Taxonomy report of the best hits at the NCBI protein non-redundant database.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS5.xls","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/b892f32cfd76e1da228dd608.xls"},{"id":68272309,"identity":"536494f1-da4d-4479-8fe9-9bb8f8a9da39","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":8,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":4458432,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S6. List ofthe orthologs of \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eD. melanogaster\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e proteins.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS6.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/70fe2f3d7456bf5de167dd53.tsv"},{"id":68272302,"identity":"c0c40237-c813-4c82-af48-294326e94b33","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":9,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":193757,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S7. List of the putative orthologs of \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eD. melanogaster \u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003etranscription factors.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS7.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/ec775d4e2bf22f0f1fde6d7e.tsv"},{"id":68272297,"identity":"53af2c4c-a073-4c1e-9262-8d4a7e9a70ad","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-05 13:56:21","extension":"tsv","order_by":10,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":5236,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable S8. List of the putative precursors of antimicrobial peptides with CAMP RF probability, LogFC, FDR, and TPM values.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"TableS8.tsv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4278925/v2/3a1eea87e5220002c53854f0.tsv"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSome molecular aspects of larval development in \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParalithodes camtschaticus\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Paralithodes camtschaticus, larval development, transcriptome","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4278925/v2","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4278925/v2","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe transcriptome of the red king crab, \u003cem\u003eParalithodes camtschaticus\u003c/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003ewas sequenced at four developmental stages: zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, and juveniles. Based on our RNA-seq data and paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, the transcriptome assembly for \u003cem\u003eP. camtschaticus \u003c/em\u003ethat we obtained has proven to be the most complete of those reported to date. An analysis of enriched processes at different stages has shown, that some of adaptations, e.g., to elevated temperature and hypoxia, do not appear in early larvae. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal conditions for normal larval development and reduce mortality rates. According to the results of the expression profile clustering and transcription factor (TF) search, most TFs are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune responses. 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