A Cohort Study of the Age at Menopause in Female Patients With and Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Varun Moktan, Nader Daoud, William J. Tremaine, Edward V. Loftus, Sunanda V. Kane, Alexander Hochwald, David O. Hodge, Jana G. Hashash, Stephanie S. Faubion, Francis A. Farraye
In: Crohn's & Colitis 360 · 2022 · vol. 4(3) , pp. otac027 · doi:10.1093/crocol/otac027 · PMID:36045902 · W4289783426
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This retrospective cohort study found that women with inflammatory bowel disease experience menopause approximately 1.5 years earlier than women without the condition.

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Abstract

Background: Menopause, defined by the complete cessation of menstrual cycles for 12 consecutive months, may occur at a younger age in women who have concomitant immune dysregulation. Our aim was to determine whether women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience an earlier onset of menopause compared to women without IBD. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a collaboration between clinics, hospitals, and medical facilities in Olmsted County, Minnesota. From these people, women who were diagnosed with IBD between 1970 and 2010 comprised the case cohort while the reference cohort included women with no diagnosis of IBD. Data including age, body mass index (BMI), ethnicity, smoking status, age at onset of menopause, and current use of hormone therapy were collected. Patients with history of hysterectomy or oophorectomy were excluded. Wilcoxon rank-sum test for numeric variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables were used to analyze the data. Results: = .009) compared to the non-IBD group. Conclusions: IBD is associated with an earlier onset of menopause. Although it is unclear if this mean difference of 1.5 years is clinically relevant, it is known that early menopause is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Further research on the possible mechanisms is needed.

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