ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS E ANATOMOPATOLÓGICOS DA ENDOMETRIOSE EXTRAPÉLVICA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
This literature review analyzed clinical and anatomopathological aspects of extrapelvic endometriosis, finding variable manifestations depending on location and highlighting the rare possibility of malignant transformation.
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This integrative literature review analyzed clinical and anatomopathological characteristics of extrapelvic endometriotic implants, searching LILACS and PubMed (2020–2025) using descriptors for endometriosis, implants, and clinical pathology, and ultimately including 5 studies out of 16 screened. It reports that extrapelvic endometriosis is rare (12% of cases) and can involve structures such as nerves and lung parenchyma, with the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system being more frequently affected, while clinical presentations and histologic findings vary by location. Case reports described sites including the umbilicus, bladder, spleen, and abdominal wall, with examples such as painful or bleeding umbilical nodules, cyclical abdominal-wall pain, bladder symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyspareunia), and splenic pain with nausea/vomiting, and histology showing ectopic endometrial tissue with glands, stroma, and hemossiderin (often with chronic inflammation). The review concludes that malignant transformation is possible and warrants continuous monitoring, while emphasizing the scarcity of available data as a major limitation; Relevance to endometriosis: this paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically clinical and pathological aspects of extrapelvic endometriotic implants and their anatomical sites.
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