The Parallel Mediating Role of Work Rumination between Organizational Trust and Work-Family Conflict among Emergency Department Nurses

The Parallel Mediating Role of Work Rumination between Organizational Trust and Work-Family Conflict among Emergency Department Nurses | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Parallel Mediating Role of Work Rumination between Organizational Trust and Work-Family Conflict among Emergency Department Nurses Xiaoli Yang, Yonglin Qi, Dongmei Zhang, Dajian Xia, Yunfang Xie This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Mar, 2026 Read the published version in BMC Nursing → Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Aim To investigate the parallel mediating roles of affective rumination and problem-solving pondering (components of work rumination) in the relationship between organizational trust and work-family conflict among emergency department (ED) nurses. Background Promoting the balance between work and family for emergency department nurses is a favorable guarantee for maintaining social order. Organizational trust, as a beneficial resource for alleviating work-family conflict, has a positive significance for achieving work-family balance. However, the mediating mechanisms of the two dimensions of work rumination—emotional rumination and problem-solving reflection—in the relationship between organizational trust and work-family conflict remain unclear. Methods Using convenience sampling, 240 eligible in-service nurses from the EDs of 22 hospitals in Chongqing were surveyed between March and May 2025. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, Organizational Trust Scale, Work Rumination Scale, and Work-Family Conflict Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. Results ED nurses' scores were: organizational trust (43.86 ± 10.52), affective rumination (14.18 ± 4.24), problem-solving pondering (16.81 ± 4.07), and work-family conflict (48.30 ± 13.75). Being male, aged 30–40, married, having two or more children, and working over 40 hours per week were significant factors influencing work-family conflict. The direct effect of organizational trust on work-family conflict was − 0.515 ( p < 0.001). Affective rumination and problem-solving pondering played parallel mediating roles between organizational trust and work-family conflict, with effect sizes of -0.088 and − 0.131, respectively. Conclusion Work rumination (specifically affective rumination and problem-solving pondering) plays a significant parallel mediating role between organizational trust and work-family conflict among ED nurses. Emergency department nurses Work rumination Organizational trust Work-family conflict Mediating effect Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Mar, 2026 Read the published version in BMC Nursing → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 29 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 27 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 23 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 18 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 17 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Dec, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 05 Dec, 2025 Editor invited by journal 26 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 25 Nov, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Nov, 2025 First submitted to journal 17 Nov, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8139753","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":556443297,"identity":"cf97ae5b-7744-449a-aa6c-3be5cbfcd155","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaoli Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"People's Hospital of Dazu District","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaoli","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":556443298,"identity":"2ac87ab6-2d17-4d43-8c73-07e790fa6c89","order_by":1,"name":"Yonglin Qi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"People's Hospital of Dazu District","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yonglin","middleName":"","lastName":"Qi","suffix":""},{"id":556443299,"identity":"765832ed-d3d3-476c-b29b-a7a6503251ea","order_by":2,"name":"Dongmei Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"People's Hospital of Dazu District","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dongmei","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":556443300,"identity":"f5a916da-c1b0-4ee9-9198-7748ddb5d874","order_by":3,"name":"Dajian Xia","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"People's Hospital of Dazu District","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dajian","middleName":"","lastName":"Xia","suffix":""},{"id":556443301,"identity":"4888d160-d0e3-4c8e-992d-9381c1a52c0a","order_by":4,"name":"Yunfang Xie","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"People's Hospital of Dazu District","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yunfang","middleName":"","lastName":"Xie","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-11-18 01:38:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-04560-9","type":"published","date":"2026-03-24T16:11:22+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97741704,"identity":"6d1300be-9b72-45e1-a3d8-3b4ec6348b60","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":106933,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TheParallelMediatingRoleofWorkRuminationbetweenOrganizationalTrustandWork.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/43c417576c2782e355cf0b1d.docx"},{"id":97741707,"identity":"09f10f29-5b7f-40ee-b78c-741682368608","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":7200,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"89792962e0bd44e5b29e2f37f334d4ee.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/a0a87bb2dd4bc158bc49b6df.json"},{"id":97741708,"identity":"2c261cb2-161e-440f-b3d9-0ef6edb63bf9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"xml","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":88876,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"89792962e0bd44e5b29e2f37f334d4ee1enriched.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/bf9781140465c43a1b3a571d.xml"},{"id":97741705,"identity":"650746e0-efbd-4941-aeef-8413e911ddd3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":60780,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/284626bbf739d2754912c5e0.png"},{"id":97741706,"identity":"3b27ca35-8c7a-4a7e-a346-65cb28350305","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":19716,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/dc5d130621b27a588c5bbf91.png"},{"id":97741709,"identity":"6798a2e2-0bf8-4a8d-b73d-6e0064bfdb78","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"xml","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":87067,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"89792962e0bd44e5b29e2f37f334d4ee1structuring.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/3ec82a23b9075365c54d63df.xml"},{"id":97741710,"identity":"f1d195f2-2cc5-4a3a-bca6-0c5700f68078","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 22:16:15","extension":"html","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":99666,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"earlyproof.html","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1/5216725f27f8ca7f150a6669.html"},{"id":105755164,"identity":"0a003a06-ba4d-4609-8c93-85cb0de54656","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-30 16:26:00","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":478271,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TheParallelMediatingRoleofWorkRuminationbetweenOrganizationalTrustandWork.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8139753/v1_covered_a6bd1010-e20a-42c5-9f37-5c91008ecd36.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"The Parallel Mediating Role of Work Rumination between Organizational Trust and Work-Family Conflict among Emergency Department Nurses","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nursing","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nurs","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nursing](http://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nurs/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nursing","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Emergency department nurses, Work rumination, Organizational trust, Work-family conflict, Mediating effect","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eAim\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo investigate the parallel mediating roles of affective rumination and problem-solving pondering (components of work rumination) in the relationship between organizational trust and work-family conflict among emergency department (ED) nurses.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003ePromoting the balance between work and family for emergency department nurses is a favorable guarantee for maintaining social order. Organizational trust, as a beneficial resource for alleviating work-family conflict, has a positive significance for achieving work-family balance. However, the mediating mechanisms of the two dimensions of work rumination\u0026mdash;emotional rumination and problem-solving reflection\u0026mdash;in the relationship between organizational trust and work-family conflict remain unclear.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsing convenience sampling, 240 eligible in-service nurses from the EDs of 22 hospitals in Chongqing were surveyed between March and May 2025. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, Organizational Trust Scale, Work Rumination Scale, and Work-Family Conflict Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eED nurses' scores were: organizational trust (43.86\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.52), affective rumination (14.18\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.24), problem-solving pondering (16.81\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;4.07), and work-family conflict (48.30\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.75). Being male, aged 30\u0026ndash;40, married, having two or more children, and working over 40 hours per week were significant factors influencing work-family conflict. The direct effect of organizational trust on work-family conflict was \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.515 (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Affective rumination and problem-solving pondering played parallel mediating roles between organizational trust and work-family conflict, with effect sizes of -0.088 and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.131, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eWork rumination (specifically affective rumination and problem-solving pondering) plays a significant parallel mediating role between organizational trust and work-family conflict among ED nurses.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The Parallel Mediating Role of Work Rumination between Organizational Trust and Work-Family Conflict among Emergency Department Nurses","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-08 22:16:10","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8139753/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-12-29T05:31:14+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-27T22:24:02+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-23T09:05:45+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"120335931582189365109481132297345671104","date":"2025-12-18T11:49:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-17T11:40:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"94559102769192169971175953868100119738","date":"2025-12-16T05:59:02+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"42340208443109581035286180044692967432","date":"2025-12-11T08:21:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"211636740860578919470246917659841935900","date":"2025-12-05T13:48:25+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-05T12:17:29+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-11-26T15:11:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-11-25T05:55:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-11-25T05:54:35+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Nursing","date":"2025-11-18T01:25:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nursing","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nurs","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nursing](http://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nurs/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nursing","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c2d680a7-7e23-490a-9f66-90d26030d339","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 8th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-30T16:22:50+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-8139753","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-04560-9","journal":{"identity":"bmc-nursing","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Nursing"},"publishedOn":"2026-03-24 16:11:22","publishedOnDateReadable":"March 24th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-08 22:16:10","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12912-026-04560-9","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-04560-9","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8139753","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8139753","identity":"rs-8139753","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}