Histopathological Correlation of Adenomyosis and Leiomyoma in Hysterectomy Specimens As The Cause Of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Women Of 20-60 Years Age Group

The objective was to study adenomyosis and leiomyoma as the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in hysterectomy specimens. This was a study carried out on 326 hysterectomy specimens from March 2015 to December 2015, of subjects who presented to the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital with the complain of abnormal uterine bleeding. Data including age, parity, symptoms and clinical indication for hysterectomy was collected for the study and the histopathological findings were correlated. The specimens were processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and examined microscopicay.Women in the perimenopausal age (41-50 years) accounted for the highest number of cases ( 194, 59.50%) presenting with symptoms of AUB. In this age group adenomyosis was the found to be the commonest cause of AUB (147, 45.09%). The most common symptom was heavy menstrual bleeding followed by dysmenorrhea . Adenomyosis was clinically suspected in 201cases of which 177 (88.05%) cases were confirmed on histopathology. Leiomyoma (Fibroid) was clinically diagnosed in 125 cases and confirmed in 118 (94.4%) cases histologically .Clinical, radiological and pathological evaluation correlated well to diagnose leiomyoma (Fibroid) but were not of much help to diagnose adenomyosis. Adenomyosis still remains a clinical challenge; and so has to be kept in mind by the clinician, as well as pathologist in women with AUB.