Design and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Profile 3 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna with High Return Loss and Low VSWR

Design and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Profile 3 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna with High Return Loss and Low VSWR | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Design and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Profile 3 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna with High Return Loss and Low VSWR S.m. Jawwad Nazari, Mehrin Islam, Lamima Khan, Rahman Masud, Aminur Rahman This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5251875/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The rapid spread of wireless services and technological progress have led to a surge in demand for wireless networks. Public and private sectors are heavily in need of low-profile, reasonably priced antennas that are easy to manufacture. Microstrip patch antennas are low-profile antennas that can be utilized for a variety of wireless applications because they are easy to design, cost effective and easy to fabricate. This study describes a novel 2.9 GHz narrowband antenna with nearly zero reflected power. The 2.9 GHz antenna with a return loss of -49.95 dB, and a VSWR below 1.01 in the operating band. This represents a good performance in the S-band applications such as satellite communication, weather radar, maritime radar, 5G etc. The antenna exhibits a directivity of 5.855 dBi, a gain of 5.080 dBi and a radiation efficiency of -0.7743 dB. By modifying the patch size, feedline in both fabricated and simulated antennas the impedance matching, return loss of this antenna structure has been optimized. FR4 material used as a substrate ensures a low-cost during manufacturing. In the study, an equivalent circuit model tuned to the novel antenna structure was also proposed and compared with the electromagnetic simulation result to validate the proposed circuit model. 5G communication Microstrip Patch Antenna Wireless communication High Return Loss Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5251875","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":365616433,"identity":"f81bc1d1-6ada-484a-a3a6-fda34d89cc75","order_by":0,"name":"S.m. 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