Utilizing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Upcycled Purslane-Derived Exosomes in Advanced Cosmetic Applications

Short title of the paper … Background: Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles containing proteins, lipids, enzymes, and other substances. Recently, plant-derived exosomes have attracted attention as cosmeceutical materials due to their beneficial effects on anti-aging and regeneration properties. Upcycling involves converting waste materials, into new products. Portulaca oleracea extract offers antioxidant and anti-aging benefits. Artificial neural networks, an application of AI, are computing technologies that mimic the human brain’s structure. Method: Purslane waste extract was optimized by AI. To obtain the exosomes ultracentrifugation method was used. To conduct the morphological analysis of exosomes, SEM and TEM were performed. Size and zeta potential were measured. To measure the number of exosome particles per ml nanoparticle tracking assay (NTA) was performed. The exosomes were applied to human mesenchymal stem cells to analyze the cell proliferation activity by Cell Titer Glo. Fish embryo toxicity test was performed to assess the effects of the exosomes on zebrafish embryonic development. Results: The average size of exosomes was approximately 122 nm. It was found that the total number of exosome was 2.42x1010+/- 5.80x108 particles/ml. The zeta potential of exosomes was -15,9 mV, indicating good stability. Exosomes significantly promoted hMSC proliferation. Zebrafish embryos exposed to the dilutions of exosomes below the lethal concentration exhibited development similar to the control. Discussion and Conclusion: Purslane-derived exosomes demonstrated regenerative potential for longevity and anti-aging. These findings may lead to further approaching the use of AI modeling to obtain upcycled plant extracts for exosome derivation. This may open up new avenues to serve novel ingredients for cosmetics industry.