To compare the treatment of intrabony defects with autogenous periosteal grafts as a barrier membrane in chronic periodontitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract To evaluate the effectiveness of autogenous periosteal graft as a barrier membrane on the clinical parameters when used in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients. Four databases MEDLINE (by PubMed), Cochrane database, EBSCO, and Google Scholar were explored to identify studies in English up to December 2022. Three independent reviewers screened the retrieved articles using the particular inclusion criteria. Randomized control trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of autogenous periosteal grafts used in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients were included in the study. Outcome variables examined were pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), radiographic bone defect fill (BDF), gingival recession (GR), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP). The mean differences and 95% confidence interval were used to illustrate the estimate of effect size. Six relevant articles were recognized for data procurement. A total of 117 patients with 68 sites and an age range between 18 years and 55 years were selected as paricipants.There was an equal effect in both groups for PI, GI and BOP reduction. For PD reduction, the result was in favor of periosteal graft with open flap debridement (OFD). For CAL gain, radiographic BDF and GR, the results also favored the periosteal graft but no statistically significant difference was found. Within the limitations of the study, it seems that the autogenous periosteal graft can be used successfully along with OFD to treat intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients.