Efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus extract (Spotless 1% Gearniol EC) against different plant pathogens and its gene expression

Abstract Uncontrolled usage of synthetic fungicides has generated toxicological and environmental hazards. Essential oils are gaining popularity despite their extensive use as scents. To establish novel applications in human health, agriculture, and the environment, it's crucial to understand their biological action. Botanical insecticides are gaining popularity around the world. In this work, a botanical biocide (Cymbopogon citratus extract-Spotless 1% Gearniol EC) was investigated for its in vitro and in vivo efficiency against several plant pathogens. 0.2% was shown to be the most effective in treating bacterial and fungal pathogens with maximum inhibition. Relative electric conductivity (REC) grew with prolonged product use, showing the product was more effective. In vivo experiments showed a 15% increase in shoot height, panicle number, and grain output in paddy at 2.0 ml per litre of water. Cymbopogon citratus extract (Spotless 1% Gearniol EC) could be used as an alternative to synthetic biocides to prevent or control crop diseases caused by bacteria and fungi.