Effects of Methylprednisolone and Hyaluronic Acid on the Endometrium in Experimentally Induced Asherman Syndrome Rat Models: A Prospective Laboratory Study

Background: and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological effects and tissue VEGF levels of combined methylprednisolone and hyaluronic acid treatment in a rat model with experimentally induced Asherman Syndrome prospective laboratory study. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six female Sprague Dawley rats were used. Trichloroacetic acid was applied to the right uterine horns of all groups to induce adhesion formation. First, we induced an Asherman model in 2 rats (Group 1). The remaining rats were divided into 3 groups. Group 2 received intrauterine hyaluronic acid treatment, Group 3 received oral methylprednisolone treatment, and Group 4 received both treatments. Histopathologically inflammation, gland count, and fibrosis levels were assessed. VEGF levels were analyzed immunohistochemically. Results: Hyaluronic acid treatment increased uterine lumen diameter and vascularization. Methylprednisolone treatment increased gland count and uterine wall thickness while decreasing inflammation and fibrosis scores. Combined treatment further enhanced these effects (p<0.05). Conclusions: Methylprednisolone treatment significantly prevented adhesion formation and reduced inflammation and fibrosis scores compared to hyaluronic acid treatment alone. The combined treatment adds to the effects of hyaluronic acid treatment alone and provides better healing.