Mapping of Core Developmental Domains in Immigrant Children through Network Analysis: Identifying Intervention Leverage Points in Low-Income Communities

This study examined interconnectivity of core developmental domains (CDDs) and parental care in ethnically and linguistically diverse children in Germany (N = 428, agemean= 8.45 years, ageSD= 1.31, 51.9% female, 88% non-German home language) from low-income communities using network analysis. Network architecture of T1 and T2 remained stable across timepoints despite COVID-19 disruptions. Findings revealed two distinct clusters: cognitive-language domains and socio-emotional domains. Regarding parental care, home learning support demonstrated stronger centrality and closer associations with CDDs compared to families’ basic care provision. Academic achievement emerged as a bridge node connecting separated clusters. Results highlight the interconnected nature of CDDs and identify strategic intervention points serving the developmental needs and fostering academic achievement of immigrant children from low-income communities.