The potential of soybean oil derived non isocyanate polyurethane/montmorillonite composites as green coating materials

The potential of soybean oil derived non isocyanate polyurethane/montmorillonite composites as green coating materials | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The potential of soybean oil derived non isocyanate polyurethane/montmorillonite composites as green coating materials Marwah Rayung, Noraini Abd Ghani, Noorhafizah Hasanudin, Lu Lu Taung Mai This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247607/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Presently, pressing environmental and health concerns associated with conventional polyurethane (PU) production due to the use of toxic isocyanates have driven the demand for alternative solutions. This has led to the development of non-isocyanate PU, which offer a safer and more sustainable approach while maintaining the desirable properties of traditional PU. In light of this, we present the green synthesis of PU via non-isocyanate route, utilizing soybean oil as the raw material. This study aims to evaluate the impact of montmorillonite (MMT) nanofillers on the performance of PU as a coating material. Initially, soybean oil was converted to carbonated resins through epoxidation and carbonation reactions. Non-isocyanate PU was synthesized by reacting the carbonated soybean oil with an amine group. PU-MMT nanocomposite coatings were then prepared by using ultraviolet irradiation method. The resins and nanocomposites were characterized using spectroscopic, thermal, and surface coating analysis. Based on the findings, carbonated soybean oil was successfully obtained and the incorporation of MMT nano-fillers notably enhanced the anti-corrosion performance of the nanocomposite coatings. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of producing PU without the use of isocyanate and highlights the potential of PU/MMT system as and effective coating materials. non-isocyanate polyurethane soybean oil montmorillonite composite coating Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7247607","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":498269326,"identity":"8778f736-6bb4-42bf-b750-89701cca50a0","order_by":0,"name":"Marwah Rayung","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marwah","middleName":"","lastName":"Rayung","suffix":""},{"id":498269327,"identity":"71841068-e016-4d27-805d-b5c4af0f4298","order_by":1,"name":"Noraini Abd Ghani","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCCBAYJBhBiSKiACEiQoOUMRDVhLXCTGduI0GLO3vvww8MdFgzy0c3PHjycd7jOnIH54G0ehm2JDTi0WPYcN5ZIPCPBYHjnmLlB4rbDEpYNbMnWPAy3cWoxuJHGIJHYBtQyI8FMAqTF4ACPmTQBLcw/IFrSv0kkzgFp4f9GSAsb2BZ5iRygLQ1gW9jwazlzjM0CqIXHQCKnTCLhWLrkzmY2Y8s5BreNcWo53sZ882dbnZz8jPRtkj9qrPnN2Zsf3nhTcVsWlxYY4DE4ADOEGUwyOBLSwiAPU2EApe0J6RgFo2AUjIIRAwCBMFMmZ00xMAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Noraini","middleName":"Abd","lastName":"Ghani","suffix":""},{"id":498269328,"identity":"c362e47e-b7ee-4787-9722-f8b79dd999cb","order_by":2,"name":"Noorhafizah Hasanudin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Terra Mineral Lab Sdn Bhd, Perak Darul Ridzuan","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Noorhafizah","middleName":"","lastName":"Hasanudin","suffix":""},{"id":498269329,"identity":"2f02eafd-f20e-465f-aabe-7a1db6e80327","order_by":3,"name":"Lu Lu Taung Mai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Myitkyina","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lu","middleName":"Lu Taung","lastName":"Mai","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-30 02:23:22","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247607/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247607/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":92757137,"identity":"c76a6265-b1b9-4eaa-9322-9b6753cb1a9d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-04 04:16:16","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1462864,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PaperNonisocyanatePU.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7247607/v1_covered_f128556a-90b7-4a27-8a80-cfc34577f44a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"The potential of soybean oil derived non isocyanate polyurethane/montmorillonite composites as green coating materials","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"non-isocyanate polyurethane, soybean oil, montmorillonite, composite, coating","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247607/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247607/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Presently, pressing environmental and health concerns associated with conventional polyurethane (PU) production due to the use of toxic isocyanates have driven the demand for alternative solutions. 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