Malignant Phyllodes Tumor With Metastases to the Femur the Lung and Bilateral Axillas: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract Background: Phyllodes tumor is rare accounting for <1% of all breast tumors. It is classified as benign, borderline, or malignant.The lymph node is involved rarely, and the most common metastasis path is through hematogenous channels mainly to the lung the pleura and the bone. Case presentation: This case report presents a 34-year-old woman suffered from metastases to the femur the lung and bilateral axillas from a malignant phyllodes tumor in 9 years. The most recent recurrence was discovered on bilateral axillas. The patient accepted adjuvant chemotherapy. However, because no obvious benefit of chemotherapy was found, the patient received bilateral axillary lymph node dissection finally. Genetic testing after surgery showed tumor-specific mutations and mutations about thepolymorphism of drug metabolism-related enzymes. Conclusions: The primary treatment modality for phyllodes tumor is surgery. For metastases, adjuvant chemotherapy may be efficient. However, when the effect of chemotherapy is not obvious, aggressive surgical therapies should be performed. Besides, genetic testing can provide advices on effective treatments.