Assessing Two-Decade Coastal Sea-Level Rise Trends in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multi-Mission Satellite Altimetry

Assessing Two-Decade Coastal Sea-Level Rise Trends in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multi-Mission Satellite Altimetry | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Assessing Two-Decade Coastal Sea-Level Rise Trends in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multi-Mission Satellite Altimetry Van Tuyen Pham This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7457148/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Sea level rise due to thermal expansion of the ocean and melting Arctic ice poses a serious threat to low-lying coastal areas such as the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam. This study will assess sea-level rise trends in the coastal region of the Mekong Delta over two decades (2005–2024) based on various types of satellite altimetry data. The authors utilized 147,352 sea surface height (SSH) points from five types of altimetry satellites (Envisat, Saral/AltiKa, CryoSat-2, Sentinel-3A, Sentinel-3B) and applied the cross-over adjustment method to eliminate the time-varying dynamic sea surface height component (h t ). This allowed for the construction of mean sea surface (MSS) models for four consecutive five-year periods (2005–2009, 2010–2014, 2015–2019, 2020–2024). Eight representative locations across the study area were selected, and a simple linear regression method was used to determine the local sea-level rise rate for the study region. The results indicate that the average sea-level rise rate for the study area is 3.92 mm/year. This finding is consistent with sea-level observations from tide gauge stations in the region (3.73 mm/year), thereby affirming the feasibility and effectiveness of applying altimetry data in assessing sea-level rise trends. The research findings will provide a solid scientific basis for climate change adaptation planning in the Mekong Delta Climate Analysis and Modeling Sea-level rise Satellite altimetry Linear regression Climate change adaptation Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7457148","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":505471870,"identity":"95f71f8e-7d75-415e-947c-f850143d03d3","order_by":0,"name":"Van Tuyen Pham","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABC0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPCCAwwM7A1sIAZjA1iADbdaHrgWnsMka5FIJlKLvUSO4ePCHXfkdWe+P/bg5447sv3S7RcYPpQdZjC43YDdFokcY+OZZ54ZbrudzG7Ye+aZ8cw5ZwoYZ5wDarlzAJcWM2netsOMQC1sEkBG4oYbOQnMQAaD5IwEXFrMfwMV2G+7eZhN8i9My1/8WsxAZiZuu8HMJg2xJf0AMyNQC78EDi1nnhVL8545nLztTLKZtGzbYeOZM3IYDvacS+fBpYW9PXnjZ94dh223HT/4TPJt22HZfon0hw9+lFnLseHQwsDAYcAAjQu4zQYHGOAxhtWeB+hagCKjYBSMglEwCpAAAKWlaV9hxFHuAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9013-5376","institution":"Thanh Dong University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Van","middleName":"Tuyen","lastName":"Pham","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-08-25 22:09:31","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":true,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true,"humanSubjectConsent":true,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7457148/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7457148/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":90015533,"identity":"3deaf9c2-d54e-40da-a33b-cc2a1dd47ed2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-27 11:42:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1247942,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7457148/v1_covered_acde837a-64fc-4f8c-b9b7-dfc7d74fa146.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAssessing Two-Decade Coastal Sea-Level Rise Trends in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multi-Mission Satellite Altimetry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Thanh Dong University","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sea-level rise, Satellite altimetry, Linear regression, Climate change adaptation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7457148/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7457148/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSea level rise due to thermal expansion of the ocean and melting Arctic ice poses a serious threat to low-lying coastal areas such as the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam. This study will assess sea-level rise trends in the coastal region of the Mekong Delta over two decades (2005\u0026ndash;2024) based on various types of satellite altimetry data. The authors utilized 147,352 sea surface height (SSH) points from five types of altimetry satellites (Envisat, Saral/AltiKa, CryoSat-2, Sentinel-3A, Sentinel-3B) and applied the cross-over adjustment method to eliminate the time-varying dynamic sea surface height component (h\u003csub\u003et\u003c/sub\u003e). This allowed for the construction of mean sea surface (MSS) models for four consecutive five-year periods (2005\u0026ndash;2009, 2010\u0026ndash;2014, 2015\u0026ndash;2019, 2020\u0026ndash;2024). Eight representative locations across the study area were selected, and a simple linear regression method was used to determine the local sea-level rise rate for the study region. The results indicate that the average sea-level rise rate for the study area is 3.92 mm/year. This finding is consistent with sea-level observations from tide gauge stations in the region (3.73 mm/year), thereby affirming the feasibility and effectiveness of applying altimetry data in assessing sea-level rise trends. 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