Human chorionic gonadotropin regulates gastric emptying in ovariectomized rats

Kok‐Min Seow, Jyun‐Lin Lee, Ming‐Luen Doong, Seng-Wong Huang, Jiann-Loung Hwang, Wei‐Ju Huang, Full‐Young Chang, ­Low‐Tone Ho, Chi‐Chang Juan
In: Journal of Endocrinology · 2012 · vol. 216(3) , pp. 307–314 · doi:10.1530/joe-12-0421 · PMID:23197744 · W2133547933
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Human chorionic gonadotropin inhibits gastric emptying in ovariectomized rats by increasing plasma cholecystokinin concentrations and activating peripheral CCK1 receptors.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This study investigated whether human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) affects gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in ovariectomized rats, and whether cholecystokinin (CCK) and its receptors mediate these effects. Using intraperitoneal (i.p.) hCG dosing and a charcoal/51CrO4 transit assay, the authors found that hCG inhibited gastric emptying dose-dependently without significantly affecting intestinal transit, with plasma CCK increasing in a dose-dependent manner and gastric emptying negatively correlating with CCK levels; lorglumide, a CCK1 antagonist, attenuated the hCG effect when given peripherally but not centrally (i.c.v.). A limitation is that experiments were performed in ovariectomized rats, with endogenous estrogen influence largely excluded, which may not fully reflect pregnancy physiology. This paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Prolongation of gastrointestinal transit resulting in nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is the most common phenomenon during the first trimester of pregnancy. Increased human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentration during the first trimester is the most likely cause of NVP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hCG on gastrointestinal transit and plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK) in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. I.p. injection of hCG was used to evaluate the dose effect of hCG on gastrointestinal transit in Ovx rats. The CCK antagonist lorglumide was used to clarify the role of CCK in regulating gastrointestinal transit. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed 15 min after intragastric gavage of a mixture of 10% charcoal and Na(2)(51)CrO(4) (0.5 μCi/ml). After i.p. administration of hCG, gastric emptying was inhibited in Ovx rats, but intestinal transit was not affected. Plasma CCK concentrations were increased in a dose-dependent manner after hCG treatment, and gastric emptying showed a significant negative correlation with CCK concentrations (P=0.01, r(2)=-0.5104). Peripheral administration (i.p.) of lorglumide, a selective CCK(1) receptor antagonist, attenuated the hCG-induced inhibition of gastric emptying in Ovx rats, whereas central administration via the i.c.v. route did not. hCG treatment of Ovx rats inhibits gastric emptying in a dose-dependent manner via a peripheral mechanism of CCK hypersecretion and activation of CCK(1) receptors.

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