Biliary metallic stent combined with radioactive 125I seeds strands for malignant hilar obstruction

Abstract Background: To evaluate the efficacy of biliary metallic stent (BMS) combined with radioactive 125I seed strands (RISS) for malignant hilar obstruction (MHO). Method: From January 2016 to January 2022, 317 patients with MHO underwent percutaneous trans-hepatic biliary drainage at our center. Among them, 40 patients underwent BMS combined with RISS treatment (experimental group), and 52 patients underwent BMS alone (control group). Primary endpoints were technical success, complications and stent patency time (SPT). Secondary endpoints were clinical success and overall survival (OS). Results: The technical success (100% vs 100%) and clinical success rate (92.50 % vs 90.04%) showed no statistically significance between the experimental and control groups (P>0.05). The Grade 3-5 early and late complications showed no significance between both groups (P>0.05). The SPT [(8.2 ± 0.39) vs (5.8 ± 0.33) months] and OS [(13.6 ± 0.81) vs (11.7 ± 0.44) months)] of the experimental group showed significantly longer than that of the control group ((P<0.05). Conclusion: BMS combined with RISS treatments can palliative prolong the SPT and OS for patients with MHO.