Hydro-Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Assessment in Swarna Watershed, Karnataka, India- Implication on Coastal Water Conservation and Protection

Hydro-Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Assessment in Swarna Watershed, Karnataka, India- Implication on Coastal Water Conservation and Protection | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Hydro-Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Assessment in Swarna Watershed, Karnataka, India- Implication on Coastal Water Conservation and Protection Nagamani K T, Bhagwat T N This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4401145/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Water Conservation Science and Engineering → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A thorough understanding of mountain hydrological processes and a careful assessment of the hydrological characteristics of coastal watersheds are essential for managing floods effectively. This work uses RS and GIS approaches to analyze hydro-morphometric aspects in the Swarna watershed. Gaining important insights into flood zone assessment through the integration of innovative techniques is essential for addressing the challenges posed by climate change in the management of water resources. Finding the highest priority sub-watersheds based on morphometric traits, flood potential indicators, and land use/land cover (LULC) analysis is the main goal of the current study. This all-inclusive approach prioritizes and classifies the detected sub-watersheds by considering thirteen different morphometric characteristics, such as linear, areal, and relief measurements. Further, to improve the ranking process, the current study also incorporates nine LULC features and two indicators of flood potential. Following these extensive evaluations, three groupings of significance—high, moderate, and low—have been established for the sub-watersheds. Within high-priority sub-watersheds, SW5 and SW6 are designated as low flood risk and high groundwater recharge, while SW1 and SW2 are designated as high-risk flood zones and low groundwater recharge areas. These developments present significant opportunities for decision-makers, providing them with a strong foundation for formulating and implementing efficient watershed management plans. Interdisciplinary approaches play a critical role in properly integrating techniques for groundwater recharge and surface water harvesting into flood management plans. Techniques including artificial recharge structures, check dams, and rainwater harvesting systems merged smoothly with conventional flood protection strategies. The long-term welfare of coastal communities is secured by implementing these strategies, which not only reduce the risk of flooding but also improve water supply and ecosystem sustainability. Mountain Hydrology Hydro-morphometric parameters Coastal watershed Geographic Information Systems Flood potential indicators and decision-making Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. No specific funding has to be declared for this work and the authors declare that they have no competing interests. Tables 1 to 6 are available in the Supplementary Files section Supplementary Files Table.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Water Conservation Science and Engineering → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 26 Jun, 2024 Reviews received at journal 26 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Jun, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 May, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 29 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 15 May, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 15 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 10 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4401145","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":308399564,"identity":"4074a021-f5e6-4c54-8427-52acc2b5ab1a","order_by":0,"name":"Nagamani K T","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University BDT College of Engineering, Vishveswaraya Technological University Belgaum","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nagamani","middleName":"K","lastName":"T","suffix":""},{"id":308399565,"identity":"e9e284cc-817c-4337-bccb-6ab3bec5519a","order_by":1,"name":"Bhagwat T N","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University BDT 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Perimeter and Watershed Length to Watershed Area for the sub-watersheds within the Swarna watershed.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/76d4a35e29039b161b16531b.png"},{"id":57494949,"identity":"939eb1c0-b8a2-4e32-acb8-5361534d7f65","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:26:46","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":243224,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eHorton's stream ordering for the Swarna watershed and its sub-watersheds\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/fbf9b04c044dbe932590fc3f.png"},{"id":57494947,"identity":"89b6e442-a894-4786-9158-6299fa124761","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:26:46","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":69881,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCorrelation analysis between stream number and stream length to stream order for \u003cstrong\u003ea)\u003c/strong\u003e SRW, \u003cstrong\u003eb)\u003c/strong\u003e SW1, \u003cstrong\u003ec)\u003c/strong\u003e SW2, \u003cstrong\u003ed)\u003c/strong\u003e SW3, \u003cstrong\u003ee)\u003c/strong\u003e SW4, \u003cstrong\u003ef) \u003c/strong\u003eSW5, and \u003cstrong\u003eg)\u003c/strong\u003e SW6.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/c2ba6689d7d2c06e6a95a487.png"},{"id":57494945,"identity":"0cd12a09-7087-42da-9f94-832aebe2419f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:26:46","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":74895,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCross plot between \u003cstrong\u003ea)\u003c/strong\u003eStream frequency vs. bifurcation ratio and \u003cstrong\u003eb)\u003c/strong\u003edrainage density vs. bifurcation ratio, indicating flash food possibilities using hydro-morphometric parameters based on El Shamy’s model (El Shamy 1992) in Swarna watershed and its sub-watersheds.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/e21bb456c0d493c0c8194946.png"},{"id":57495507,"identity":"59012179-9ec6-4f80-a570-74b1ee790b69","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:34:46","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":31287,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLinear distance function correlation between ruggedness number and basin magnitude across various flood potentials in the Swarna watershed and its sub-watersheds (Patton \u0026amp; Baker, 1976)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/6c97dda295107b3b5ad69012.png"},{"id":57494950,"identity":"7a3f9702-e326-44b8-a521-51354310b9dd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:26:47","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":237481,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eClassification of land use and land cover in the Swarna watershed and its Sub-watersheds (Landsat 8-14/4/2022).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/68a6ec59df8b5283b69ae2af.png"},{"id":57495508,"identity":"8691a141-8044-4cda-9ff5-411c09ec5d84","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 12:34:46","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":90499,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eFlood risk levels in sub-watersheds of Swarna watershed.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1/3c7b8f4dc387179236eb2dff.png"},{"id":62298724,"identity":"b9a1b7bc-6e3a-4154-bf42-b8d84f39bc8e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-12 16:16:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":709342,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4401145/v1_covered_a4434397-6769-44ee-b0b5-fd7af42f7a3e.pdf"},{"id":57494943,"identity":"c0350c84-3ac6-44eb-bb1c-a18701fab899","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-31 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No specific funding has to be declared for this work and the authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTables 1 to 6 are available in the Supplementary Files section\u003c/p\u003e","formattedTitle":"Hydro-Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Assessment in Swarna Watershed, Karnataka, India- Implication on Coastal Water Conservation and Protection","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"water-conservation-science-and-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"wcse","sideBox":"Learn more about [Water Conservation Science and Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/41101)","snPcode":"41101","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/41101/3","title":"Water Conservation Science and Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Mountain Hydrology, Hydro-morphometric parameters, Coastal watershed, Geographic Information Systems, Flood potential indicators, and decision-making","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4401145/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4401145/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA thorough understanding of mountain hydrological processes and a careful assessment of the hydrological characteristics of coastal watersheds are essential for managing floods effectively. 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