Two-dimensional materials for lateral flow assays: opportunities and challenges from a material-biosensing co-evolution perspective

Two-dimensional materials for lateral flow assays: opportunities and challenges from a material-biosensing co-evolution perspective | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL View This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 14 January 2026 V1 Latest version Share on Two-dimensional materials for lateral flow assays: opportunities and challenges from a material-biosensing co-evolution perspective Authors : Weimin Xu , Ruping Liu 0009-0000-9573-5277 [email protected] , Na Gao , Jianxiao Zhu , Haowen Jiang , Shouzheng Jiao , Zhicheng Sun , Kai Shen , Gaolian Xu , Minghua Du , and Yang Wang Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176837603.38109696/v1 191 views 119 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Accurate and rapid detection of biomolecules is pivotal for medical diagnosis, healthcare, and biological research. However, most existing biosensing methods fail to simultaneously achieve high sensitivity, low cost, rapid response, and simple operation. Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are widely used point-of-care testing (POCT) tools, featuring low cost, ease of use, and results within minutes, but LFA performance is often constrained by insufficient signal generation. Two-dimensional (2D) materials, endowed with a large surface area-to-volume ratio, tunable physicochemical properties, and versatile surface chemistry, hold great promise for advancing biosensing technologies. Nevertheless, the application of 2D materials in LFAs remains limited and lacks systematic compilation. In this review, we summarize the main synthesis methods, processing conditions, and key properties of typical 2D materials, with a focus on their biointeraction behaviors and biosensing performance. We then introduce the basic structure and working principle of LFAs, and elaborate on how the intrinsic properties of 2D materials can be harnessed to enhance signal output across different components of LFA strips. Finally, we discuss the core challenges and future directions, aiming to provide support for the design of more reliable and sensitive LFA systems tailored for practical POCT applications. Supplementary Material File (xu_liu_wang_tranferred version.docx) Download 11.44 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 14 January 2026 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Collection View Keywords biosensor diagnostic tool lateral flow assay nanomaterial two-dimensional Authors Affiliations Weimin Xu Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Ruping Liu 0009-0000-9573-5277 [email protected] Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Na Gao Chinese PLA General Hospital View all articles by this author Jianxiao Zhu Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Haowen Jiang Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Shouzheng Jiao Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Zhicheng Sun Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication View all articles by this author Kai Shen Fudan University View all articles by this author Gaolian Xu Fudan University View all articles by this author Minghua Du Chinese PLA General Hospital View all articles by this author Yang Wang Beihang University View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 191 views 119 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Weimin Xu, Ruping Liu, Na Gao, et al. Two-dimensional materials for lateral flow assays: opportunities and challenges from a material-biosensing co-evolution perspective. Authorea . 14 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176837603.38109696/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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