Development and psychometric testing of inpatient nursing care expectation scale in China

Development and psychometric testing of inpatient nursing care expectation scale in China | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 25 April 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Development and psychometric testing of inpatient nursing care expectation scale in China Authors : Yi Luo 0000-0002-0021-3458 , Shuangxin Zhang , Lu Yang , Zhiguang Fan , and Xiaodan Liu 0009-0008-5624-3585 [email protected] Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174558074.49792762/v1 142 views 114 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Objective: This study aimed to develop a scale to assess inpatient nursing care expectation scale (INCES) in China and determine its reliability and validity. Methods: A three-phase approach was employed to develop and validate the INCES: (1) scale development, (2) scale refinement, and (3) psychometric validation evaluation. The items of the instrument were generated based on a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative study involving 14 inpatients. The preliminary evaluation of the items was conducted through content validity assessment by a panel of 16 experts (2 round, 14 experts in each). Validity and reliability analyses were performed using two independent samples to refine the scale and evaluate its psychometric properties. Sample 1(321 inpatients) was employed for item analysis, internal consistency assessment, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Sample 2(224 inpatients) was employed for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the assessment of additional psychometric properties, (i.e., convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity), which further confirm the structure of the scale and evaluated its final psychometric properties. Results: The final version of INCES consists of 21 items distributed across three dimensions: structure (8 items), process (9 items), and outcome (4 items). EFA and CFA showed that the three-factor model had a good fit, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 78.159% and a factor commonality of 0.533-0.938. Additionally, the scale demonstrated satisfactory convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.94, indicating high internal consistency. Conclusions: The results confirm that the INCES exhibits robust reliability and validity, meeting the standards for use in assessing inpatients’ expectations of nursing services. Supplementary Material File (anonymized main document.docx) Download 1.67 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 25 April 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords inpatient nursing care expectation instrument development reliability and validity Authors Affiliations Yi Luo 0000-0002-0021-3458 Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital View all articles by this author Shuangxin Zhang Changchun University of Chinese Medicine View all articles by this author Lu Yang Changchun University of Chinese Medicine View all articles by this author Zhiguang Fan Shaoxing University View all articles by this author Xiaodan Liu 0009-0008-5624-3585 [email protected] China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 142 views 114 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Yi Luo, Shuangxin Zhang, Lu Yang, et al. Development and psychometric testing of inpatient nursing care expectation scale in China. Authorea . 25 April 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174558074.49792762/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . Format Please select one from the list RIS (ProCite, Reference Manager) EndNote BibTex Medlars RefWorks Direct import Tips for downloading citations document.getElementById('citMgrHelpLink').addEventListener('click', function() { popupHelp(this.href); return false; }); $(".js__slcInclude").on("change", function(e){ if ($(this).val() == 'refworks') $('#direct').prop("checked", false); $('#direct').prop("disabled", ($(this).val() == 'refworks')); }); View Options View options PDF View PDF Figures Tables Media Share Share Share article link Copy Link Copied! Copying failed. 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