A Study to Observe the Effects of Addition of Intrathecal Magnesium Sulfate to Bupivacaine for Spinal Anesthesia in Cesarean Section

Background and Aim: Spinal anaesthesia is widely used for caesarean section. Magnesium parenterally has been utilized for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia on an empirical basis for a long time. The present study was designed to examine whether addition of intrathecal magnesium sulphate would enhance the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal bupivacaine in patients undergoing caesarean section. Material and Methods: The present analysis was done in the department of gynaecology in association with the department of anaesthesiology, in the medical college and associated hospital. A total of 80 pregnant women with mild PIH and were scheduled for elective caesarean section were included in the study. They include patients were divided into three groups randomly as follows: Group A: Control group comprised of 40 patients, the patients were administered with 0.5% 2cc (10mg) Bupivacaine + 0.6cc normal saline and Group B: Test group patients comprised of 40 patients, the patients were administered with MgSO4 group, 0.5% 2cc Bupivacaine +0.5cc Fentanyl along with 0.1cc 50% (50mg) MgSO4. The onset of sensory blockade, motor blockade, upper level of analgesia, intensity of motor block, two segment regression time, APGAR Score, Postoperative analgesia duration and hemodynamic parameters at 1, 5, 15 minutes were observed. Results: The mean time to achieve T10 sensory level in group B was found to be 3.20 ± 0.20 min and in group A that is control group was found to be 2.1 ± 0.90 min and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Onset of motor block was prolonged in group B (6.16 ± 0.06 min) as compared to group A. Total duration of sensory block was more in group B, which was found to be 200.5 ± 11.22 min and that was when compared to group A (160.5 ± 16.36) min it was found to be significantly higher in group B. Conclusion: Non-opioid medication magnesium sulphate can be used as an adjuvant with bupivacaine intrathecally to prolong postoperative analgesia without causing any additional side effects. The patient will benefit from this for post-operative analgesia.