Advanced modulation formats for 4 × 100Gbps computing power optical networks and AI-based format recognition

Advanced modulation formats for 4 × 100Gbps computing power optical networks and AI-based format recognition | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Advanced modulation formats for 4 × 100Gbps computing power optical networks and AI-based format recognition Zhou He, Hao Huang, Fanjian Hu, Jiawei Gong, Peng Zhang, Binghua Shi, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4282435/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In the era of the digital economy, enabling users to utilize computing power as conveniently as water and electricity is inseparable from the development of computing power networks. The carrier network of future 6G also needs to achieve deep collaboration between computing and networking. In high-speed computing power optical networks above 400G, nonlinear effects became one of the main factors limiting system transmission performance. Traditional coherent optical communication solutions are complex to implement, require high coherence and stability of light sources, which is difficult, and costly. This paper proposes a low-cost and low-complexity non-coherent solution based on the advanced modulation format Apol-CRZ-FSK to achieve 4 x 100Gbps computing power optical networks. Simulation results show that it exhibits better resistance to non-linear effects compared to traditional modulation formats such as CRZ-FSK and DQPSK, enabling longer single-span and multi-span transmission distances and superior transmission performance. Furthermore, in response to the transmission requirements and signal perception and recognition requirements in future computing optical networks, this study identifies three different modulation formats through the Inception-ResNet-v2 convolutional neural network model. When compared with six deep learning methods including AlexNet, ResNet50, GoogleNet, SqueezeNet, Inception-v4, and Xception, the Inception-ResNet-v2 model achieved the highest accuracy rate of 99.51%, which is a 1.66% improvement over the ResNet50 model. It can provide an effective solution for low-cost, low-complexity, and high-performance signal transmission and signal recognition in the 6G era of high-speed computing power optical networks. Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Applied optics/Fibre optics and optical communications Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Applied optics/Optoelectronic devices and components Computing power optical networks Modulation format Convolutional neural network (CNN) Modulation format identification Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4282435","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":298798178,"identity":"28754673-1fbe-458e-87b8-0e7cb300cc59","order_by":0,"name":"Zhou He","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hubei University of Economics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhou","middleName":"","lastName":"He","suffix":""},{"id":298798180,"identity":"09a552a0-7d30-46cf-beb2-e6fc47860b54","order_by":1,"name":"Hao Huang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Wuhan 2nd Ship Design and Research Institute，Wuhan 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The carrier network of future 6G also needs to achieve deep collaboration between computing and networking. In high-speed computing power optical networks above 400G, nonlinear effects became one of the main factors limiting system transmission performance. Traditional coherent optical communication solutions are complex to implement, require high coherence and stability of light sources, which is difficult, and costly. This paper proposes a low-cost and low-complexity non-coherent solution based on the advanced modulation format Apol-CRZ-FSK to achieve 4 x 100Gbps computing power optical networks. Simulation results show that it exhibits better resistance to non-linear effects compared to traditional modulation formats such as CRZ-FSK and DQPSK, enabling longer single-span and multi-span transmission distances and superior transmission performance. 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