Patient safety culture and associated factors of regional public hospitals in Addis Ababa.

Background: Patient safety culture is influenced by the values, attitudes, competencies, and behaviors of healthcare providers. Globally, millions of adverse events occur annually, with a significant burden on low- and middle-income countries. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 3 to July 30, 2023. A structured questionnaire was used to survey 494 randomly selected healthcare professionals. The collected data was analyzed using binary logistic regression, where variables with a p-value ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Model adequacy was assessed using the Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Result The overall level of good patient safety culture was 48.8% (95% CI: 44.3–53.1) among the participants, with a response rate of 93.3%. Factors significantly associated with patient safety culture, as identified through factor analysis, included having 6–10 years of experience (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.13–2.88), having more than 11 years of experience (AOR = 3.49, 95% CI = 1.27–9.56), reporting adverse events (AOR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.37–4.45), participating in patient safety programs (AOR = 3.64, 95% CI = 1.91–6.92), and working in obstetrics and pediatric wards (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23–0.94) and (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.097–0.44), respectively. Conclusion The overall level of good patient safety culture in regional public hospitals was found to be low (< 75%). Factors such as having 6–10 years of experience, having more than 11 years of experience, reporting adverse events, participating in patient safety programs, and working in obstetrics and pediatric wards were significantly associated with patient safety culture.