Identification of the factors influencing the liquid sloshing wave height in a sloped bottom tank under horizontal excitation using PCA approach

Identification of the factors influencing the liquid sloshing wave height in a sloped bottom tank under horizontal excitation using PCA approach | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Identification of the factors influencing the liquid sloshing wave height in a sloped bottom tank under horizontal excitation using PCA approach Wenhao Ren, Zuowei Zhong This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4984055/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The dynamic behavior of liquid storage tanks represents a pivotal research area concerning structural safety and reliability. Notably, sloped bottom tanks exhibit heightened sloshing with reduced liquid mass compared to rectangular counterparts. This study adopts a hybrid approach that seamlessly integrates the linear potential-flow theory, renowned for its analytical rigor in fluid dynamics modeling, with principal component analysis (PCA), a potent technique for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. The hybrid methodology initially employs the linear potential-flow theory to simulate the fundamental fluid dynamics within sloped bottom tanks subjected to horizontal excitation. Subsequently, PCA is applied to the simulated data, identifying key components of liquid sloshing wave height variations. Through the analysis of these principal components, an accurate model of the maximum sloshing wave height is derived, achieving a close correlation with ANSYS simulation results, exhibiting a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and a mean absolute error of 2.5%. This approach uniquely facilitates the evaluation of the intricate interplay between multiple factors, including tank geometry and excitation frequency, on the dynamic characteristics of liquid sloshing waves in sloped bottom tanks. The findings emphasize the significant influence of tank height and tilt angle, with a sensitivity analysis indicating a 4.07% increase in maximum wave height per degree increase in tilt angle under specified experimental conditions. This comprehensive methodology not only enhances understanding of the complex liquid sloshing phenomenon but also provides precise theoretical and practical guidance for fluid sway control strategies. Future investigations will further expand the scope and elucidate the fundamental mechanisms governing liquid sloshing dynamics. Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing/Software Physical sciences/Engineering/Civil engineering Sloped bottom tank Liquid sloshing Principal component analysis horizontal excitation Numerical study Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4984055","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":360868593,"identity":"b910ef32-c6a7-40fa-9483-d5b78985d145","order_by":0,"name":"Wenhao Ren","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Inner Mongolia University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenhao","middleName":"","lastName":"Ren","suffix":""},{"id":360868594,"identity":"af87788f-808c-4eef-955c-e43e2bf2bc01","order_by":1,"name":"Zuowei Zhong","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACNhDBfOAAhJdAtBa2BKAWA5K08ICUE6HFXOz45dc8ZYft5WfkfDx0s+0PAz97jgHDzx24tVjOzimz5jmXxsw4I3fD4dw2AwbJnjcGjL1ncGsxuJ2TZszbZsPGLA3VYnAjx4CZsY2gFgkeNumcB2At9oS1pB9+DLRFgkc6hwFiiwRhW9gY55xLM5CQf2ZwOOecMY/EmWcFB3vx2/L4wxtQiPUcfvw5p0xOjr89eeODn3i0AKPDTIoHmQsiDuDTwMDA/vjjD/wqRsEoGAWjYKQDAKo7T+6RhSFdAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Inner Mongolia University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zuowei","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhong","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-08-27 11:18:09","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4984055/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4984055/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":67256899,"identity":"06d07d6d-c3f2-4396-8da0-2bb30252d189","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-23 05:01:54","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1012627,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4984055/v1_covered_c60299a9-6ed5-43fd-b2ca-c0f9c5016968.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Identification of the factors influencing the liquid sloshing wave height in a sloped bottom tank under horizontal excitation using PCA approach","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sloped bottom tank, Liquid sloshing, Principal component analysis, horizontal excitation, Numerical study","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4984055/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4984055/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe dynamic behavior of liquid storage tanks represents a pivotal research area concerning structural safety and reliability. 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