A qualitative investigation on experiences concerning breast cancer-related lymphedema in the coastal area of Fukushima, Japan in the long-term aftermath of the 2011 triple disaster

Disasters could jeopardize breast cancer care, and the 2011 Japan’s triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear accident) has been no exception. However, the information is lacking regarding its details, including that concerning breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). We aimed to explore the process of becoming aware of BCRL among the local patients and the problems faced and the support needed by them. We also aimed to clarify any effects of the 2011 disaster on the experiences related to lymphedema among the target population. Patients who developed BCRL following the breast cancer treatment were recruited in Iwaki City, a municipality located in the southern coastal Fukushima (N = 16). In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face, and the obtained data were appraised with thematic analysis. Five themes related to BCRL were identified: 1) process of becoming aware of BCRL, 2) troubles or worries/concerns due to BCRL, 3) information source regarding BRCA management, 4) strategies to cope with BCRL, 5) adverse impacts of the 2011 disaster on BCRL management. This qualitative analysis clarified the five themes related to BCRL. The themes except for the disaster context were in line with the previous studies conducted in the non-disaster context. There were limited but non-neglectable adverse impacts of the 2011 disaster on the long-term local BCRL management.