An Investigation of the Fair Play Understanding of the Leading Personnel Participating in Physical Education and Sports Activities in the Military System

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There is no detailed examination in the literature on the fair play understanding of military leaders within the Turkish Armed Forces and their contribution to sports activities. The study was conducted on 257 officers, non-commissioned officers, and specialist sergeants in the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The "Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale" was used to measure the sportspersonship understanding of the personnel and to evaluate it in a correlational way with demographic data. Methods: In this study, which aims to investigate and interpret the fair play understanding of the leading personnel participating in physical education and sports activities in the military system, the "Correlational Research" model from the quantitative research model was used. The population of the study consists of officers, non-commissioned officers, and specialist sergeants who are in charge of the military personnel within the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The sample of the study consists of 257 leading military personnel randomly selected from the study population. The data were collected through online forms on 08.02.2024. The scale used consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 20 items in total, known as the "Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale." Results: The study results revealed that the fair play and sportspersonship understandings of military personnel are lower than those of civilians. In the military system, factors such as stress and the struggle for survival, especially on battlefields, may conflict with the concept of sportspersonship. Leading personnel, who are usually raised with a warrior mentality, often prioritize sportspersonship values as secondary. These low sportspersonship values call into question the importance of fair play and sportspersonship behaviors within the military system. Conclusion: This study is an important step to understanding the ability of military leaders to balance between ethical and sporting values. The findings highlight the necessity of developing fair play understanding within the military system. This study contributes empirical data to the literature on the understanding of fair play in the military system and helps fill the gap in this field. Future studies in other military branches should be considered to generalize these findings. INTRODUCTION Investigating the fair play understanding of the leading personnel of physical education and sports activities in the military system offers an important research area where both military ethical values and sports culture are combined. There isn’t a comprehensive study in the literature on the fair play understanding of military leaders and the contribution of this understanding to physical education, and sports activities. Therefore, the study aims to fill this gap to understand the behaviors the fair play understanding of military leaders in sporting activities. This research investigates how the behaviors of military leaders in sporting activities can be related to military discipline and ethical values and how this relationship can affect the sports culture in the military system. The concept of fair play, first mentioned by Shakespeare in the late 16th century, entered sports in the 18th century. It involves athletes adhering to rules, avoiding unfair advantages, and valuing opponents as partners with equal rights.[ 1 ] To promote fair play globally, the International Fair Play Committee, under the International Olympic Committee, and national Fair Play Committees work to spread Olympism and fair play in all sports.[ 2 ] Since there are limited studies in the literature on sport and fair play in the military system especially in the Turkish Armed Forces, studies on athletes were analyzed to grasp the understanding of fair play better. Sports enhance physical and mental health and involve competition with set rules.[ 3 ] Historically, sports have military roots: in ancient China and India, they promoted harmony of soul and body, while in Ancient Greece, Egypt, and Persia, they served military purposes. This military link persisted into modern times, as noted by Pierre De Coubertin and John Kennedy, who emphasized sports as preparation for war. Physical education and sports have long been integral to military training to develop warrior strength.[ 4 ] In the military, team sports promote discipline, self-esteem, self-confidence, and morale by fostering common interests. A 2012 Turkish study found that most students at the School of Physical Education and Sports prioritize performance over luck and value playing by the rules over winning, with only 15.6% condoning cheating.[ 5 ] Another study showed that professionalism and success often undermine fair play in football.[ 6 ] Research indicates female athletes exhibit more fair play behaviors than males, with increased responsibility and tolerance enhancing fair play.[ 7 ] Since the early 20th century, commercialization and politicization of sports have favored a "win at all costs" mentality, de-emphasizing fair play.[ 8 ] There is a notable lack of data-based research on fair play in the military. More research is needed to understand the impact of military leadership and training on athletes' performance and character development, which could lead to better strategies in this field. Participation in military sports encourages the military-leading personnel to discipline and contributes to the development of soldiers by creating healthy rivalries. The development of common interests among a group of soldiers of the size of a unit or regiment through sporting activities strengthens military discipline and reinforces the spirit of unity within the army.[ 9 ] The military is inherently undemocratic, requiring absolute obedience to ensure success and victory in war, which is a matter of life and death. This need for obedience conflicts with democratic values like individual freedom, human rights, and fair play. Asking soldiers to sacrifice their lives when necessary goes beyond democratic choice, highlighting a fundamental difference between military and civilian ethics.[ 10 ] To better understand fair play in the military, it is essential to consider stress factors like PTSD. Military personnel face high stress in wars, making them vulnerable to mental health issues such as depression, domestic violence, substance abuse, and PTSD, with rates among war veterans ranging from 15–31%.[ 11 , 12 ] Combat injuries also impact PTSD levels. A study of 92 Turkish veterans injured between 2007 and 2011 found significant physical and mental limitations, highlighting the need to address PTSD in treatment. Fair play involves valuing opponents as partners with equal rights,[ 1 ] but in the military, seeing the enemy as a real threat is crucial for survival. The development of a fair play understandıng by mılıtary personnel, especıally ın peace garrısons, not only strengthens relatıons between ındıvıduals but also contrıbutes to the reınforcement of mılıtary dıscıplıne and ethıcal values. behavıour by the fair play principles strengthens the leadership abilities and team spirit of military personnel thus enhancing their ability to work together. however, it should not be forgotten that the stress and struggle for survival that military personnel are or will be exposed to in battlefields are often contrary to the understanding of the fair play. ın these contexts, our research aims to understand the relationship between ethical and sporting values by investigating the fair play understandıng of the leadıng personnel ın the mılıtary system ın sports actıvıtıes. at the same tıme, the data of the research wıll provıde empırıcal data to the lıterature on the understandıng of the fair play in the military system and will fill the gap in this field to some extent. METHODS Research model In this study, which aims to investigate and interpret the fair play understanding of the leading personnel participating in physical education and sports activities in the military system, ''Correlational Research'' from the quantitative research model was used. It is an empirical research in which data are collected from voluntary participants. Correlational research type of research in which the relationship between variables is examined without intervening in these variables in any way. Since the variables are not intervened, correlational research is similar to causal comparison research. This type of investigation can give the researcher an idea that there may be a cause-effect relationship.[ 13 ] Study group (universe-sample) The population of the study consists of officers, non-commissioned officers and specialised sergeants who are in charge of the military personnel within the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The sample of the study will consist of at least 257 leading military personnel randomly selected from the study population. The data will be collected through online forms on 08.02.2024. Data collection tools "Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale" will be used in the study. The scale consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 20 items in total. The validity and reliability of the scale have been previously tested; Cronbach Alpha values of the sub-factors of the scale developed by Vallerand et al were determined as 0.86 for compliance with social conventions, 0.83 for respect for rules and officials, 0.91 for respect for one’s full commitment toward sport participation and 0.82 for respect for the opponent. RESULTS Table 1 Demographic Variables Variables f % Age Group 20–23 years 11 4,2 24–27 years 67 25,9 28–31 years 93 35,9 32–35 years 63 24,3 36–39 years 25 9,7 Military Branches Combat Arms 197 76,1 Combat Support 28 10,8 Combat Service 34 13,1 Actively Doing Sport Yes 226 87,3 No 33 12,7 Number of Siblings One Sibling 41 15,8 2 Siblings 47 18,1 3 Siblings 80 30,9 4 Siblings and More 91 35,1 Total 259 100 Table 1 , the highest rates in the descriptive analysis results are composed of participants aged 28–31 years in the age category (%=35,9), combat arms in the military branch variable (%=76,1), 4 siblings and more in the number of siblings variable (%=35,1), primary school graduates in the father's education status variable (%=44,1), primary school graduates in the mother's education status variable (%=62,2), and participants with middle-level income in the perceived income level (%=79,2). Table 2 Normality Analysis Results Regarding the Scales Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Compliance with Social Conventions ,236 259 ,000 ,756 259 ,000 Respect for Rules and Officials ,178 259 ,000 ,835 259 ,000 Respect for One’s Full Commitment to Sport ,257 259 ,000 ,729 259 ,000 Respect for Opponent ,216 259 ,000 ,773 259 ,000 Multidimensional Sportspersonship ,182 259 ,000 ,822 259 ,000 Table 2 , the normality of the data is tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnova analysis. When the p values are examined as a result of the analysis, it is seen that the significance value is p < 0.05, and nonparametric analyses are found appropriate in the analyses. Table 3 Descriptive Values Related to the Scale Variables Cronbach alpha Min Max x̄ Ss Compliance with Social Conventions ,929 5,00 25,00 7,8842 3,86523 Respect for Rules and Officials ,841 5,00 25,00 7,9421 3,18678 Respect for One’s Full Commitment to Sport ,911 5,00 25,00 7,0000 2,84346 Respect for Opponent ,885 5,00 25,00 7,9035 3,69715 Multidimensional Sportspersonship ,952 20,00 100,00 30,7297 11,81660 According to Table 3 , it is seen that the total score and the mean scores of the participants in all sub-dimensions of sportspersonship are at a low level. Table 4 Kruskal-Wallis H Test Results Between Sportspersonship Orientation and Age Variable Scale and Sub-dimensions Age N Mean Rank Chi-Square Value df p Difference Compliance with Social Conventions 1 20-23 years 11 160,86 3,564 4 ,468 - 2 24-27 years 67 120,04 3 28-31 years 93 132,22 4 32-35 years 63 132,33 5 36-39 years 25 129,00 Respect for Rules and Officials 1 20-23 years 11 178,36 10,214 4 , 037* 1 > 2,4 2 24-27 years 67 120,31 3 28-31 years 93 130,62 4 32-35 years 63 120,63 5 36-39 years 25 156,02 Respect for One's Full Commitment to Sport 1 20-23 years 11 153,05 3,194 4 ,526 - 2 24-27 years 67 129,24 3 28-31 years 93 126,94 4 32-35 years 63 124,64 5 36-39 years 25 146,80 Respect for Opponent 1 20-23 years 11 160,82 2,284 4 ,684 - 2 24-27 years 67 126,31 3 28-31 years 93 130,34 4 32-35 years 63 127,42 5 36-39 years 25 131,58 Multidimensional Sportspersonship 1 20-23 years 11 177,32 6,307 4 ,177 - 2 24-27 years 67 121,13 3 28-31 years 93 130,38 4 32-35 years 63 125,68 5 36-39 years 25 142,42 p < 0,05* Table 4 , as a result of the Kruskal-Wallis H test conducted between the participants' sportspersonship orientations and age groups, a significant difference is found only in the dimension of respect for rules and officials (p < 0.05). In the comparisons made to determine the difference between the groups, it is determined that the respect for rules and management scores of the participants between the ages of 20–23 are higher than the categories between the ages of 28–31 and 32–35. Table 5 Mann-Whitney U Test Results of Sportspersonship Orientation According to Active Sports Participation Variable Scale and Sub-dimensions Doing Sports N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks U Value z p Compliance with Social Conventions Yes 226 127,44 28800,50 3149,500 -1,521 ,128 No 33 147,56 4869,50 Respect for Rules and Officials Yes 226 123,96 28014,50 2363,500 -3,483 , 000* No 33 171,38 5655,50 Respect for One’s Full Commitment to Sport Yes 226 126,32 28548,00 2897,000 -2,217 , 027* No 33 155,21 5122,00 Respect for Opponent Yes 226 127,32 28775,00 3124,000 -1,565 ,118 No 33 148,33 4895,00 Multidimensional Sportspersonship Yes 226 125,04 28258,50 2607,500 -2,808 , 005* No 33 163,98 5411,50 p < 0,05* Table 5 , as a result of the Mann-Whitney U Test, conducted between the sportspersonship orientations of the participants and the categories of actively participating in sports, a significant differentiation is found in the dimensions of respect for rules and officials and respect for one’s full commitment toward sports and in the total scores of the scale in favor of the participants who don’t do sports (p < 0.05). Table 6 Kruskal-Wallis H Test Results Between Sportspersonship Orientation and Number of Siblings Scale and Sub-dimensions Number of Siblings N Mean Rank Chi-Square Value df p Difference Compliance with Social Conventions 1 One sibling 41 105,02 7,790 3 ,051 - 2 2 siblings 47 132,23 3 3 siblings 80 127,86 4 4 or more siblings 91 141,98 Respect for Rules and Officials 1 One sibling 41 107,10 5,754 3 ,124 - 2 2 siblings 47 142,38 3 3 siblings 80 129,19 4 4 or more siblings 91 134,63 Respect for One's Full Commitment to Sport 1 One sibling 41 98,51 11,107 3 , 011* 2,4 > 1 2 2 siblings 47 143,16 3 3 siblings 80 129,56 4 4 or more siblings 91 137,78 Respect for Opponent 1 One sibling 41 103,27 9,740 3 , 021* 2 > 1 2 2 siblings 47 151,04 3 3 siblings 80 129,04 4 4 or more siblings 91 132,02 Multidimensional Sportspersonship 1 One sibling 41 96,51 11,459 3 , 009* 2,4 > 1 2 2 siblings 47 146,27 3 3 siblings 80 129,17 4 4 or more siblings 91 137,42 p < 0,05* Table 6 , as a result of the Kruskal-Wallis H test conducted between the sportspersonship orientations of the participants and the categories of the number of siblings, a significant difference is found in the total scores of One’s full commitment toward Sports, Respect for Opponent, and sportspersonship orientation scale (p < 0.05). The comparisons reveal that participants with 2 siblings and 4 or more siblings score higher than those with one sibling in total scores for commitment to sports and sportsmanship orientation. Additionally, participants with 2 siblings score higher than those with one sibling in the respect for the opponent sub-dimension. CONCLUSION This study was conducted on the leading military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers, specialist sergeants) serving in the Presidential Guard Regiment This study focused on leading military personnel in the Presidential Guard Regiment. Key findings include: 35.9% are aged 28–31; 76.1% are in the combat arm; 35.1% have four or more siblings; 44.1% have fathers who are primary school graduates; 62.2% have mothers who are primary school graduates; and 79.2% perceive their income level as medium. The findings of our study show that leading military personnel generally perform below the level of sportspersonship behaviors. This may suggest that the concept of sportspersonship is less emphasized in the military system compared to other fields. Military leaders are usually raised with a warrior mentality and this may indicate that giving due importance to sportspersonship values is a secondary priority in military training. However, the low mean values highlight the necessity of programs or training for a deeper understanding of the concept of sportspersonship. In a study conducted on football players, while the players exhibit behaviors with fair play ethics within the team, they do not exhibit a similar level of behavior to the coaches and teammates of the opposing team.[ 14 ] However, in military training, opponents are generally seen as enemies and are fought to defeat them. Considering the difference between sportspersonship and military service, it should be emphasized that instead of seeing the opponent only as an enemy, it is necessary to fight within the rules of sportspersonship to defeat them. In another study, the results showed that the combination of professionalism and success eliminates fair play. It is indicated that the priority of success and strategy can sometimes override ethical values in leading soldiers.[ 6 ] In terms of gender, students' sportspersonship behaviors were examined; the results showed that female students had higher sportspersonship scores and avoided unsportsmanlike behaviors less than male students.[ 15 ] It shows that female athletes exhibit more fair play behaviors than male athletes.[ 7 ] Based on the results of the data in Table 3 , this situation can be associated as a result of the fact that there are mostly men in the field of military service. In a study conducted on students, it was observed that fair play perceptions and sportspersonship behaviors improved with the increase in sports habits.[ 16 ] These data are incompatible with our data in Table 5 , which indicates that participants who don’t do sports show a higher orientation in sportspersonship behaviors. (p < 0.05). The reason for this may be the effect of the intensive training given to the soldiers and their war psychology. Military training should prepare individuals to go into danger and perform physically and mentally demanding tasks at the highest possible levels of competence. This can be considered the defining characteristic of military training and can determine the line between life and death.[ 17 ] This study, Table 6 indicates that the number of siblings has a potential effect on the general sportspersonship orientation of individuals. For example, individuals with more siblings may have growth in various relationships and more social interactions. This may lead them to develop more empathy and respect for others and suggests that the number of siblings may influence their general sportspersonship orientations. Nevertheless, some results suggest the opposite of our data, in a study examining the sportspersonship behaviors of students participating in summer camps, found no significant relationship between students' sportspersonship scores and the number of siblings, and another study, found no statistically significant relationship between students' sportspersonship behaviors in physical education class according to the number of siblings variable.[ 18 , 19 ] Further research is required to determine this relationship precisely. Our research emphasizes the importance of military leaders' understanding of fair play in sporting activities. However, it is questioned how important fair play behaviors are for soldiers on the battlefield. In war conditions, it is essential to make quick decisions and defeat the enemy; however, the understanding of fair play tests the ethical values of soldiers. Before generalizing the results of our study to the whole military system, there are some factors to be taken into consideration. These are; the fact that the study was conducted with the leading personnel in the peace garrison and the sample group consisted of 770 leading military personnel. In this context, it would be important to consider the results of studies conducted in other branches. As a result, the findings of our study revealed that the fair play perceptions of military personnel are at a lower level compared to those of civil society members. In this context, the ability of military leaders to apply the fair play principles in times of war and peace, and the importance of ethical and sporting values in the military system constitute a further research topic. Declarations Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate This study was approved by the Hitit University Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee (2024:08). Informed consent was obtained from all individuals participating in the study. Approval for Publication The contents of this article have not been published elsewhere and have been approved for publication by all authors. Availability of Data and Materials Data and materials used in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author of the article. Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Funding No funding was used in this study. Author Contributions Ejder GÜNEŞ Research design, data collection and analysis, writing the article. Ejder GÜNEŞ: Data analysis, interpretation of results, writing and revision of the article. Ejder GÜNEŞ: Literature review, data collection, writing the article. 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Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1-12. doi:10.30769/usbd.896100 Doğar, Y. & Yağmur, M. (2019). Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Dersinin Ortaokul Öğrencileri Üzerinde Sportmenlik Davranışı Oluşturma Etkisinin İncelenmesi (example of Kahramanmaras province) Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 14 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 26 Jul, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 23 Jul, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 23 Jul, 2024 First submitted to journal 20 Jul, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4773583","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":332054525,"identity":"44fd4aad-7310-4dbf-acb0-5cfee4f18d54","order_by":0,"name":"Ejder GÜNEŞ","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAwwMBjwwzgcgZmMnRQvjDJAWZiK0MMC0MIMZhLTw3T58oOBNxT27DbebD3+2+bVNno+ZgfHDxxzcWiTPpSUYzjlTnLzhzrE06dy+24ZtzAzMkjO34dZicIbHwJi3LSHZ4EaOGXNuz21GoBY2Zl68Wvg/GPP+A2nJ//zZsue2PRFaeBiMeRsS7IC2MEgz/LidSFCL5Bk2A8M5xxISJG+kmUn2NtxObmNmbMbrF74zzM8M3tQk2PPdSH784cef27bz25sPfviIRwsQsBkAicQGEJOxDUw24FUPBMwPgIQ9hP2HkOJRMApGwSgYiQAAVYxTweDhWbQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Lokman Hekim Üniversitesi","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ejder","middleName":"","lastName":"GÜNEŞ","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-07-20 14:36:00","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4773583/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4773583/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-01597-w","type":"published","date":"2026-02-14T15:59:01+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":102785327,"identity":"a2155a75-fcc9-4642-9817-ac2c4e8106ed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-16 16:05:04","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":866145,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4773583/v1/19bfdb23-07f2-4ffb-b5dd-533dcd84131c.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"An Investigation of the Fair Play Understanding of the Leading Personnel Participating in Physical Education and Sports Activities in the Military System","fulltext":[{"header":"INTRODUCTION ","content":"\u003cp\u003eInvestigating the fair play understanding of the leading personnel of physical education and sports activities in the military system offers an important research area where both military ethical values and sports culture are combined. There isn\u0026rsquo;t a comprehensive study in the literature on the fair play understanding of military leaders and the contribution of this understanding to physical education, and sports activities. Therefore, the study aims to fill this gap to understand the behaviors the fair play understanding of military leaders in sporting activities. This research investigates how the behaviors of military leaders in sporting activities can be related to military discipline and ethical values and how this relationship can affect the sports culture in the military system.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe concept of fair play, first mentioned by Shakespeare in the late 16th century, entered sports in the 18th century. It involves athletes adhering to rules, avoiding unfair advantages, and valuing opponents as partners with equal rights.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e] To promote fair play globally, the International Fair Play Committee, under the International Olympic Committee, and national Fair Play Committees work to spread Olympism and fair play in all sports.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSince there are limited studies in the literature on sport and fair play in the military system especially in the Turkish Armed Forces, studies on athletes were analyzed to grasp the understanding of fair play better.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSports enhance physical and mental health and involve competition with set rules.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e] Historically, sports have military roots: in ancient China and India, they promoted harmony of soul and body, while in Ancient Greece, Egypt, and Persia, they served military purposes. This military link persisted into modern times, as noted by Pierre De Coubertin and John Kennedy, who emphasized sports as preparation for war. Physical education and sports have long been integral to military training to develop warrior strength.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e] In the military, team sports promote discipline, self-esteem, self-confidence, and morale by fostering common interests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA 2012 Turkish study found that most students at the School of Physical Education and Sports prioritize performance over luck and value playing by the rules over winning, with only 15.6% condoning cheating.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e] Another study showed that professionalism and success often undermine fair play in football.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e] Research indicates female athletes exhibit more fair play behaviors than males, with increased responsibility and tolerance enhancing fair play.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e] Since the early 20th century, commercialization and politicization of sports have favored a \"win at all costs\" mentality, de-emphasizing fair play.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e] There is a notable lack of data-based research on fair play in the military. More research is needed to understand the impact of military leadership and training on athletes' performance and character development, which could lead to better strategies in this field.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParticipation in military sports encourages the military-leading personnel to discipline and contributes to the development of soldiers by creating healthy rivalries. The development of common interests among a group of soldiers of the size of a unit or regiment through sporting activities strengthens military discipline and reinforces the spirit of unity within the army.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe military is inherently undemocratic, requiring absolute obedience to ensure success and victory in war, which is a matter of life and death. This need for obedience conflicts with democratic values like individual freedom, human rights, and fair play. Asking soldiers to sacrifice their lives when necessary goes beyond democratic choice, highlighting a fundamental difference between military and civilian ethics.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo better understand fair play in the military, it is essential to consider stress factors like PTSD. Military personnel face high stress in wars, making them vulnerable to mental health issues such as depression, domestic violence, substance abuse, and PTSD, with rates among war veterans ranging from 15\u0026ndash;31%.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e] Combat injuries also impact PTSD levels. A study of 92 Turkish veterans injured between 2007 and 2011 found significant physical and mental limitations, highlighting the need to address PTSD in treatment. Fair play involves valuing opponents as partners with equal rights,[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e] but in the military, seeing the enemy as a real threat is crucial for survival. The development of a fair play understandıng by mılıtary personnel, especıally ın peace garrısons, not only strengthens relatıons between ındıvıduals but also contrıbutes to the reınforcement of mılıtary dıscıplıne and ethıcal values. behavıour by the fair play principles strengthens the leadership abilities and team spirit of military personnel thus enhancing their ability to work together. however, it should not be forgotten that the stress and struggle for survival that military personnel are or will be exposed to in battlefields are often contrary to the understanding of the fair play. ın these contexts, our research aims to understand the relationship between ethical and sporting values by investigating the fair play understandıng of the leadıng personnel ın the mılıtary system ın sports actıvıtıes. at the same tıme, the data of the research wıll provıde empırıcal data to the lıterature on the understandıng of the fair play in the military system and will fill the gap in this field to some extent.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"METHODS ","content":"\u003cp\u003eResearch model\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, which aims to investigate and interpret the fair play understanding of the leading personnel participating in physical education and sports activities in the military system, ''Correlational Research'' from the quantitative research model was used. It is an empirical research in which data are collected from voluntary participants. Correlational research type of research in which the relationship between variables is examined without intervening in these variables in any way. Since the variables are not intervened, correlational research is similar to causal comparison research. This type of investigation can give the researcher an idea that there may be a cause-effect relationship.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudy group (universe-sample)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe population of the study consists of officers, non-commissioned officers and specialised sergeants who are in charge of the military personnel within the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The sample of the study will consist of at least 257 leading military personnel randomly selected from the study population. The data will be collected through online forms on 08.02.2024.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData collection tools\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale\" will be used in the study. The scale consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 20 items in total. The validity and reliability of the scale have been previously tested; Cronbach Alpha values of the sub-factors of the scale developed by Vallerand et al were determined as 0.86 for compliance with social conventions, 0.83 for respect for rules and officials, 0.91 for respect for one\u0026rsquo;s full commitment toward sport participation and 0.82 for respect for the opponent.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"RESULTS","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemographic Variables\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ef\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge Group\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u0026ndash;23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25,9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35,9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u0026ndash;35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24,3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u0026ndash;39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9,7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMilitary Branches\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombat Arms\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e197\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76,1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombat Support\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10,8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombat Service\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13,1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eActively Doing Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87,3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12,7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne Sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15,8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18,1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30,9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Siblings and More\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35,1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e259\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e100\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, the highest rates in the descriptive analysis results are composed of participants aged 28\u0026ndash;31 years in the age category (%=35,9), combat arms in the military branch variable (%=76,1), 4 siblings and more in the number of siblings variable (%=35,1), primary school graduates in the father's education status variable (%=44,1), primary school graduates in the mother's education status variable (%=62,2), and participants with middle-level income in the perceived income level (%=79,2).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormality Analysis Results Regarding the Scales\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKolmogorov-Smirnova\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c8\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShapiro-Wilk\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistic\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSig.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistic\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSig.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with Social Conventions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,236\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,756\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Rules and Officials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,835\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for One\u0026rsquo;s Full Commitment to Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,257\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,729\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Opponent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,216\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,773\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidimensional Sportspersonship\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,182\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,822\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, the normality of the data is tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnova analysis. When the p values are examined as a result of the analysis, it is seen that the significance value is p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05, and nonparametric analyses are found appropriate in the analyses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescriptive Values Related to the Scale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCronbach alpha\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMax\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ex̄\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSs\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with Social Conventions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,929\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,8842\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,86523\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Rules and Officials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,841\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,9421\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,18678\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for One\u0026rsquo;s Full Commitment to Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,911\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,0000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,84346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Opponent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,885\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,9035\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,69715\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidimensional Sportspersonship\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,952\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30,7297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,81660\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, it is seen that the total score and the mean scores of the participants in all sub-dimensions of sportspersonship are at a low level.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKruskal-Wallis H Test Results Between Sportspersonship Orientation and Age Variable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eScale and Sub-dimensions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRank\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChi-Square Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with Social Conventions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e20-23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160,86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,564\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,468\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e24-27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120,04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e28-31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132,22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e32-35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132,33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e36-39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Rules and Officials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e20-23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e178,36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10,214\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e037*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e24-27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120,31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e28-31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130,62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e32-35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120,63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e36-39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156,02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for One's Full Commitment to Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e20-23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e153,05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,194\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,526\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e24-27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e28-31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e126,94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e32-35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e124,64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e36-39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e146,80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Opponent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e20-23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160,82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,284\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,684\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e24-27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e126,31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e28-31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130,34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e32-35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127,42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e36-39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e131,58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidimensional Sportspersonship\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e20-23 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e177,32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6,307\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,177\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e24-27 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e121,13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e28-31 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130,38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e32-35 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e125,68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e36-39 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e142,42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"8\"\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0,05*\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, as a result of the Kruskal-Wallis H test conducted between the participants' sportspersonship orientations and age groups, a significant difference is found only in the dimension of respect for rules and officials (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). In the comparisons made to determine the difference between the groups, it is determined that the respect for rules and management scores of the participants between the ages of 20\u0026ndash;23 are higher than the categories between the ages of 28\u0026ndash;31 and 32\u0026ndash;35.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMann-Whitney U Test Results of Sportspersonship Orientation According to Active Sports Participation Variable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eScale and Sub-dimensions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDoing Sports\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRank\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSum of Ranks\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ez\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with Social Conventions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127,44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28800,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3149,500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1,521\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,128\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e147,56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4869,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Rules and Officials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e123,96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28014,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2363,500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3,483\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e000*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e171,38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5655,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for One\u0026rsquo;s Full Commitment to Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e126,32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28548,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2897,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2,217\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e027*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e155,21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5122,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Opponent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127,32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28775,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3124,000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1,565\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,118\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148,33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4895,00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidimensional Sportspersonship\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e125,04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28258,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2607,500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2,808\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e005*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e163,98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5411,50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"8\"\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0,05*\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, as a result of the Mann-Whitney U Test, conducted between the sportspersonship orientations of the participants and the categories of actively participating in sports, a significant differentiation is found in the dimensions of respect for rules and officials and respect for one\u0026rsquo;s full commitment toward sports and in the total scores of the scale in favor of the participants who don\u0026rsquo;t do sports (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKruskal-Wallis H Test Results Between Sportspersonship Orientation and Number of Siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eScale and Sub-dimensions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSiblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRank\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChi-Square\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with Social Conventions\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eOne sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105,02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,790\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,051\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e2 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132,23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e3 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127,86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e4 or more siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e141,98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Rules and Officials\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eOne sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107,10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,754\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e2 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e142,38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e3 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e4 or more siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e134,63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for One's Full Commitment to Sport\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eOne sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98,51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,107\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e011*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,4\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e2 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e143,16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e3 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e4 or more siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137,78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for Opponent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eOne sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103,27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9,740\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e021*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e2 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e151,04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e3 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e4 or more siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132,02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidimensional Sportspersonship\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eOne sibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96,51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,459\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e,\u003cb\u003e009*\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,4\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e2 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e146,27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e3 siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129,17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e4 or more siblings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137,42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"8\"\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0,05*\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, as a result of the Kruskal-Wallis H test conducted between the sportspersonship orientations of the participants and the categories of the number of siblings, a significant difference is found in the total scores of One\u0026rsquo;s full commitment toward Sports, Respect for Opponent, and sportspersonship orientation scale (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The comparisons reveal that participants with 2 siblings and 4 or more siblings score higher than those with one sibling in total scores for commitment to sports and sportsmanship orientation. Additionally, participants with 2 siblings score higher than those with one sibling in the respect for the opponent sub-dimension.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"CONCLUSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted on the leading military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers, specialist sergeants) serving in the Presidential Guard Regiment This study focused on leading military personnel in the Presidential Guard Regiment. Key findings include: 35.9% are aged 28\u0026ndash;31; 76.1% are in the combat arm; 35.1% have four or more siblings; 44.1% have fathers who are primary school graduates; 62.2% have mothers who are primary school graduates; and 79.2% perceive their income level as medium.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe findings of our study show that leading military personnel generally perform below the level of sportspersonship behaviors. This may suggest that the concept of sportspersonship is less emphasized in the military system compared to other fields. Military leaders are usually raised with a warrior mentality and this may indicate that giving due importance to sportspersonship values is a secondary priority in military training. However, the low mean values highlight the necessity of programs or training for a deeper understanding of the concept of sportspersonship.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a study conducted on football players, while the players exhibit behaviors with fair play ethics within the team, they do not exhibit a similar level of behavior to the coaches and teammates of the opposing team.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e] However, in military training, opponents are generally seen as enemies and are fought to defeat them. Considering the difference between sportspersonship and military service, it should be emphasized that instead of seeing the opponent only as an enemy, it is necessary to fight within the rules of sportspersonship to defeat them. In another study, the results showed that the combination of professionalism and success eliminates fair play. It is indicated that the priority of success and strategy can sometimes override ethical values in leading soldiers.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn terms of gender, students' sportspersonship behaviors were examined; the results showed that female students had higher sportspersonship scores and avoided unsportsmanlike behaviors less than male students.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e] It shows that female athletes exhibit more fair play behaviors than male athletes.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e] Based on the results of the data in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, this situation can be associated as a result of the fact that there are mostly men in the field of military service.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a study conducted on students, it was observed that fair play perceptions and sportspersonship behaviors improved with the increase in sports habits.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e] These data are incompatible with our data in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, which indicates that participants who don\u0026rsquo;t do sports show a higher orientation in sportspersonship behaviors. (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The reason for this may be the effect of the intensive training given to the soldiers and their war psychology. Military training should prepare individuals to go into danger and perform physically and mentally demanding tasks at the highest possible levels of competence. This can be considered the defining characteristic of military training and can determine the line between life and death.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e indicates that the number of siblings has a potential effect on the general sportspersonship orientation of individuals. For example, individuals with more siblings may have growth in various relationships and more social interactions. This may lead them to develop more empathy and respect for others and suggests that the number of siblings may influence their general sportspersonship orientations. Nevertheless, some results suggest the opposite of our data, in a study examining the sportspersonship behaviors of students participating in summer camps, found no significant relationship between students' sportspersonship scores and the number of siblings, and another study, found no statistically significant relationship between students' sportspersonship behaviors in physical education class according to the number of siblings variable.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e] Further research is required to determine this relationship precisely.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur research emphasizes the importance of military leaders' understanding of fair play in sporting activities. However, it is questioned how important fair play behaviors are for soldiers on the battlefield. In war conditions, it is essential to make quick decisions and defeat the enemy; however, the understanding of fair play tests the ethical values of soldiers. Before generalizing the results of our study to the whole military system, there are some factors to be taken into consideration. These are; the fact that the study was conducted with the leading personnel in the peace garrison and the sample group consisted of 770 leading military personnel. In this context, it would be important to consider the results of studies conducted in other branches. As a result, the findings of our study revealed that the fair play perceptions of military personnel are at a lower level compared to those of civil society members. In this context, the ability of military leaders to apply the fair play principles in times of war and peace, and the importance of ethical and sporting values in the military system constitute a further research topic.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthical Approval and Consent to Participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was approved by the Hitit University Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee (2024:08). Informed consent was obtained from all individuals participating in the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApproval for Publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this article have not been published elsewhere and have been approved for publication by all authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of Data and Materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData and materials used in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author of the article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of Interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo funding was used in this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEjder G\u0026Uuml;NEŞ Research design, data collection and analysis, writing the article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEjder G\u0026Uuml;NEŞ: Data analysis, interpretation of results, writing and revision of the article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEjder G\u0026Uuml;NEŞ: Literature review, data collection, writing the article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThank you\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe would like to thank the Presidential Guard Regiment Command and Infantry Colonel Fuat D\u0026Ouml;NMEZ for their support in this study.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026Ccedil;ar, B. \u0026amp; Bal\u0026ccedil;ıkanlı, G. S. (2021). T\u0026uuml;rkiye Fair Play \u0026Ouml;d\u0026uuml;llerinin Formal Ve İnformal Fair Play Davranişlari \u0026Ccedil;er\u0026ccedil;evesinde İncelenmesi. Ankara \u0026Uuml;niversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Y\u0026uuml;ksekokulu SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 116-135. doi:10.33689/spormetre.872206\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTel, M. \u0026amp; Herguner, G. (2019). Taekwondo ve Fair Play. The Journal of Turk-Islam World Social Studies, 23(23), 8-16. doi:10.29228/TIDSAD.39723\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuter, \u0026Ouml;. F. \u0026amp; Kuter, M. (2012). Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yoluyla Değerler Eğitimi. Journal of Education and Humanities: Theory and Practice, 3(6), 75-94.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026Ouml;zdemir, F., Altınok, T. \u0026amp; Aslan, C. S. (2011). Askeri Akademi Savaş Beden Eğitimi Programının Teknolojik İmk\u0026acirc;n ve Kabiliyetler A\u0026ccedil;ısından Analizi. Ankara \u0026Uuml;niversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Y\u0026uuml;ksekokulu SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 163-167. doi:10.1501/Sporm_0000000191\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfe, M. \u0026amp; Yıldıran, İ. (2012). Okullararası Karşılaşmalara Katılan Farklı Branş, Yaş ve Cinsiyetteki İlk\u0026ouml;ğretim \u0026Ouml;ğrencilerinin Fair Play Anlayışlarının İncelenmesi. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 17(1-4), 1-12.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSezen, G. \u0026amp; Yıldıran, İ. (2003). Profesyonel ve Amat\u0026ouml;r Futbolcuların Fair Play Anlayışları \u0026Uuml;zerine Bir Araştırma. (Yayımlanmamış y\u0026uuml;ksek lisans). Institute of Medical Sciences, Ankara.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTeke, E. \u0026amp; Zorba, E. (2018, 8 Mart). Sporcuların Kişilik \u0026Ouml;zelliklerinin Fair-Play Davranışlarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi. (Yayımlanmamış y\u0026uuml;ksek lisans). Institute of Medical Sciences, Muğla.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYildiran, İ. (2005). Fair-Play Eğitiminde Beden Eğitiminin Rol\u0026uuml;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHavenetidis, K., Bissas, A., Monastiriotis, N., Nicholson, G., Walker, J., Bampouras, T. M. \u0026amp; Dinsdale, A. J. (2023). Combining sport and conventional military training provides superior improvements in physical test performance. International Journal of Sports Science \u0026amp; Coaching, 18(5), 1567-1576. doi:10.1177/17479541221116959\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMert, İ. S. (2020). Turkish Journal of War Studies Askeri Etik Military Ethics. Turkish Journal of War Studies, 1(1), 24-34.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHoge, C. W., Lesikar, S. E., Guevara, R., Lange, J., Brundage, J. F., Engel, C. C., \u0026hellip; Orman, D. T. (2002). Mental Disorders Among U.S. Military Personnel in the 1990s: Association With High Levels of Health Care Utilization and Early Military Attrition. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(9), 1576-1583. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.9.1576\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobinson, Stephen. L. (2006). Hidden Toll of the War in Iraq. Mental Health and Military, 399-409.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCohen, L., Manion, L. \u0026amp; Morrison, K. (2002). Research Methods in Education. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203224342\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYıldırım, M. (2017). \u0026Uuml;niversite Takımlarında M\u0026uuml;cadele Eden Sporcuların Spora Katılım Motivasyonlarına Etki Eden Fakt\u0026ouml;rlerin Belirlenmesi (Example of Eskişehir Osmangazi University). Eskişehir Osmangazi \u0026Uuml;niversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. doi:10.17494/ogusbd.330632\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCertel, Z., Bahadır, Z. \u0026amp; \u0026Ccedil;elik, B. (2020). Ortaokul \u0026Ouml;ğrencilerinin Beden Eğitimi Dersi Sportmenlik Davranışları. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(3), 221-230. doi:10.17155/omuspd.676577\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eG\u0026ouml;k, O. \u0026amp; Sarikol, E. (2023). Spor Lisesi \u0026Ouml;ğrencilerinin Fair-Play Davranışlarının Bazı Değişkenler A\u0026ccedil;ısından İncelenmesi, accessed from this address: 70-86. https://orcid.org/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVogel-Walcutt, J. J., Fiorella, L. \u0026amp; Malone, N. (2013). Instructional strategies framework for military training systems. Computers in Human Behavior. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.038\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBircan, Ş. \u0026amp; \u0026Ccedil;etin, M. \u0026Ccedil;. (2021). Yaz Kamplarına Katılan \u0026Ouml;ğrencilerin Sportmenlik Davranışlarının ve Spora Katılım G\u0026uuml;d\u0026uuml;lerinin Bazı Değişkenlere G\u0026ouml;re İncelenmesi. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1-12. doi:10.30769/usbd.896100\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDoğar, Y. \u0026amp; Yağmur, M. (2019). Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Dersinin Ortaokul \u0026Ouml;ğrencileri \u0026Uuml;zerinde Sportmenlik Davranışı Oluşturma Etkisinin İncelenmesi (example of Kahramanmaras province)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-sports-science-medicine-and-rehabilitation","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ssmr","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation](http://bmcsportsscimedrehabil.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ssmr/default.aspx","title":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4773583/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4773583/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e This study aims to investigate the fair play understanding of the leading personnel participating in physical education and sports activities in the military system. There is no detailed examination in the literature on the fair play understanding of military leaders within the Turkish Armed Forces and their contribution to sports activities. The study was conducted on 257 officers, non-commissioned officers, and specialist sergeants in the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The \"Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale\" was used to measure the sportspersonship understanding of the personnel and to evaluate it in a correlational way with demographic data.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e In this study, which aims to investigate and interpret the fair play understanding of the leading personnel participating in physical education and sports activities in the military system, the \"Correlational Research\" model from the quantitative research model was used. The population of the study consists of officers, non-commissioned officers, and specialist sergeants who are in charge of the military personnel within the Presidential Guard Regiment Command. The sample of the study consists of 257 leading military personnel randomly selected from the study population. The data were collected through online forms on 08.02.2024. The scale used consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 20 items in total, known as the \"Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e The study results revealed that the fair play and sportspersonship understandings of military personnel are lower than those of civilians. In the military system, factors such as stress and the struggle for survival, especially on battlefields, may conflict with the concept of sportspersonship. Leading personnel, who are usually raised with a warrior mentality, often prioritize sportspersonship values as secondary. These low sportspersonship values call into question the importance of fair play and sportspersonship behaviors within the military system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003e This study is an important step to understanding the ability of military leaders to balance between ethical and sporting values. The findings highlight the necessity of developing fair play understanding within the military system. This study contributes empirical data to the literature on the understanding of fair play in the military system and helps fill the gap in this field. Future studies in other military branches should be considered to generalize these findings.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"An Investigation of the Fair Play Understanding of the Leading Personnel Participating in Physical Education and Sports Activities in the Military System","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-08-19 07:21:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4773583/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-07-26T07:52:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-07-23T08:21:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-07-23T08:18:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","date":"2024-07-20T14:33:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-sports-science-medicine-and-rehabilitation","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ssmr","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation](http://bmcsportsscimedrehabil.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ssmr/default.aspx","title":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"f27ace71-d536-426f-bd8e-378a33038a8c","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 19th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-16T16:02:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4773583","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-01597-w","journal":{"identity":"bmc-sports-science-medicine-and-rehabilitation","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation"},"publishedOn":"2026-02-14 15:59:01","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 14th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-08-19 07:21:41","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s13102-026-01597-w","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-01597-w","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4773583","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4773583","identity":"rs-4773583","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}