Shifting estuarine salinity under a changing climate: Insights from southeast Australia

Shifting estuarine salinity under a changing climate: Insights from southeast Australia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Shifting estuarine salinity under a changing climate: Insights from southeast Australia Jessica Amies, Alice Harrison, Margot Mason, Daniel Gilbert, Brett Miller, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Estuarine salinity plays a central role in shaping ecosystem function and human water use, yet its long-term variability and response to climate forcing remain understudied. Here we analyse century-scale hydrodynamic model simulations of salinity for six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast to characterise spatial structure, temporal variability and sensitivity to sea level rise. Across all systems, salinity exhibits pronounced longitudinal gradients and strong seasonal cycles, but interannual variability dominates the overall range of conditions experienced along estuary lengths. Salt intrusion length is closely linked to river discharge, with long-term trends revealing shifting salinity regimes. Over the past 120 years, winter intrusion has moved landward as river flows declined, while summer intrusion has shifted seaward. Sea level rise increases estuarine salinity, with impacts varying by location and intensifying upstream under drier conditions. In near-term, interannual variability in rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the primary influence on extreme salinity conditions, while sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity and compound intrusion during low-flow periods. Beyond 2050, continued sea level rise combined with uncertain rainfall regimes implies higher average salinities alongside persistent variability. Together, these results demonstrate the value of long-duration, multi-estuary analyses for understanding evolving estuarine salinity regimes and for supporting threshold-based assessments that can inform estuarine management and adaptation in the face of a changing climate. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1. Introduction Estuaries are transitional zones between freshwater river environments and saline coastal waters, providing a unique habitat which supports rich biodiversity and some of the world’s most productive ecosystems (United Nations, 2021). Simultaneously, estuaries are focal points for human activity, providing a range of social, economic, cultural and recreational services, and are often under increasing pressure from human development (Barbier et al., 2011; Todd et al., 2019; United Nations, 2021). Furthermore, situated at the interface between land and ocean, estuaries are subject to a convergence of meteorological drivers (e.g., temperature, rainfall), marine drivers (e.g. sea level rise, ocean temperature) and riverine drivers (e.g., changes in river discharge volumes) which makes them particularly sensitive to climate change and to long-term shifts in environmental forcing (Biguino et al., 2023; Kennish et al., 2023; Khojasteh et al., 2023). Salinity is a key variable in estuarine systems, with influences for human activity (e.g., water supply constraints and extraction regulations) as well as the environment (e.g., exceedance of ecological thresholds) (Mohammed and Scholz, 2018; Costa et al., 2023). Estuarine salinity is inherently dynamic, governed primarily by the hydrodynamic balance among key forcing drivers – including river discharge, tidal mixing, and gravitational circulation – as well as additional influences such as wind forcing, wave action, and storm surges (Fig. 1 ; MacCready, 2004; Valle-Levinson, 2010; Savenije, 2012). Through this balance, salinity integrates the combined effects of riverine, marine and atmospheric drivers, providing a sensitive indicator of how estuarine systems respond to both short-term variability and longer-term changes in external forcing. Estuarine species and water users are generally accustomed and adapted to experiencing variability in salinity. However, extreme events which deviate much further from mean salinity conditions within the estuary, either in the form of acute saltwater intrusion events or freshwater pulses, can have greater impacts on different ecosystem components (e.g., estuarine species with certain salinity tolerances), as well as human water users who may extract water from the tidal pool for town water or irrigation (Fig. 1 ). In particular, acute saltwater intrusion events, where saltwater travels further upstream than usual and higher salinity levels are experienced throughout the estuary, are observed during droughts and have the potential to cause adverse impacts (Rodrigues et al., 2019; Wegman et al., 2024; Miller and Hiatt, 2024). Beyond individual events, persistent changes in the frequency, duration and spatial extent of elevated salinity can progressively alter hydro-ecological boundaries and management constraints within estuarine systems. Changing estuarine salinity is already a growing challenge in many regions worldwide (e.g., Smajgl et al., 2015; Dessu et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2024; Li et al., 2025), and climate change, in particular through sea level rise and the emergence of greater hydrological extremes, is expected to further influence both mean salinity levels and acute saltwater intrusion events (Yang et al., 2015; Pereira et al., 2022; Costa et al., 2023; Lee et al., 2024; Lee et al., 2025). While several studies have examined salinity responses over short periods or under individual drivers (e.g., Vu et al., 2018; Mulamba et al., 2019; Menten et al., 2023) there remains limited understanding of how estuarine salinity regimes evolve over longer time scales as multiple climate drivers interact. It is therefore important to understand and manage the longer-term risks of changing salinity in estuarine systems under ongoing climate change. Our understanding of estuarine salinity dynamics is often limited by a lack of monitoring and observational salinity data. In particular, there is a shortage of continuous, long-term datasets with adequate spatial coverage to provide insight on vertical or longitudinal gradients within estuaries, as well as the temporal variability occurring at tidal, rainfall event, seasonal and interannual timescales. Due to this lack of observational data, physics-based modelling can be valuable to help us understand spatial and temporal variability, as well as longer-term trends in estuarine salinity. In general, efforts to model estuarine salinity have primarily focused on idealised studies (e.g., Veerapaga et al., 2020; Biemond et al., 2022; Wei et al., 2022; Hendrickx et al., 2023), or in-depth estuary specific models conducted for a single or pair of estuaries over short time periods (e.g., Mulamba et al., 2019; Pereira et al., 2022; Cook et al., 2023; Menten et al., 2023; Hu et al., 2024). However, there has been less research into the longer-term variability, trends and structural changes in estuarine salinity regimes, and how these emerge from the combined influence of river discharge variability and rising sea levels across different estuaries. This study aims to address this by analysing a newly available set of long-term, multi-estuary salinity datasets produced by hydrodynamic modelling of six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast for a historic period of 120 years (1900–2019), as well as for two sea level rise scenarios of 0.2 m and 0.55 m (NSW DCCEEW, 2025). These estuaries encompass a range of different estuarine characteristics, including different estuary lengths, catchment sizes and flow volumes (Table S1), providing an opportunity to examine how salinity responses vary systematically across contrasting systems. This research contributes a long-term perspective on the characteristics, variability and extremes of estuarine salinity experienced across a range of estuaries. By examining salinity evolution over more than a century and under projected sea level rise, this study provides new insight into how estuarine salinity regimes respond to interacting climate drivers, and how these changes translate into shifting gradients, intrusion lengths and exposure to elevated salinity. The results offer estuarine management-relevant interpretation, with implications for water resource management, ecosystem protection and adaptation planning in estuarine systems, and provide insights that are potentially applicable to other estuaries globally. 2. Methods 2.1. Study sites This study focuses on six river estuaries along the southeast Australian coast in the state of New South Wales (NSW): the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence, Macleay, Hastings and Shoalhaven Rivers. Figure 2 a shows the location of these six estuaries along the NSW coastline, together with their associated river catchments. All six systems are classified as wave-dominated barrier estuaries, although they span a wide range of estuary lengths, catchment areas, tidal limits and hydrological characteristics (Fig. 2 ; Table S1). The regional climate across the study area is broadly temperate, with a latitudinal gradient characterised by decreasing mean temperatures from north to south. Rainfall patterns also vary across the region, with the five northern estuaries (Tweed through Hastings) experiencing different seasonal rainfall characteristics to the Shoalhaven River on the south coast. The Shoalhaven River differs from the other systems in that a portion of upstream inflow is regulated by releases from Tallowa Dam. Whilst the Shoalhaven is a regulated system, the model scenarios used in this study did not consider changes to dam operation over time. Instead, the model scenarios were designed to examine estuarine sensitivity to variability in upstream inflows under a consistent operational framework. 2.2. Data The datasets used for this study were produced as part of a NSW Government saltwater intrusion vulnerability assessment, and have been made publicly available (NSW DCCEEW, 2025). The Manning River estuary was also modelled as part of this study; however the Manning dataset was excluded from this study as the model did not demonstrate a satisfactory representation of salinity dynamics during calibration (Gilbert et al., 2025b). The sections below summarise key aspects of the modelling framework and highlight assumptions and limitations relevant to the analyses presented here. The reader is referred to the individual estuary technical reports for detailed documentation of the hydrodynamic modelling approach, including model development, calibration and verification procedures, as well as a full discussion of the assumptions and limitations appropriate to each estuary (Gilbert et al., 2025a; Harrison et al., 2025a; Harrison et al., 2025b; Harrison et al., 2025c; Mason et al., 2025a; Mason et al., 2025b). 2.2.1. Modelling approach All estuary models were developed using the RMA software suite and consist of coupled hydrodynamic (RMA-2) and salinity (RMA-11) model (King, 2015). The RMA-11 modelled salinity as a passive constituent, and did not simulate changes in density. The implications this has for the study and interpretation of results are discussed in section 2.2.3. The Tweed, Clarence, Macleay and Hastings River estuary models were constructed using horizontally two-dimensional model meshes in the lower estuary near the estuary entrance, transitioning to one-dimensional elements with variable cross sections further upstream. The Richmond and Shoalhaven estuaries were represented entirely using one-dimensional elements with variable cross sections. Section 2.2.3 discusses the reasons and implications of employing largely one-dimensional models in more detail. Long duration simulations were conducted for 120 years (1900–2019) for all estuaries except for the Shoalhaven River, which was run for 96 years (1909–2005) due to limited availability of upstream inflow data. 2.2.2. Boundary conditions Upstream river discharge inputs for the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence, Macleay and Hastings estuaries were obtained from NSW Government datasets (NSW DCCEEW, 2024). These datasets extend observed daily gauge records back to 1890 by using historic rainfall records as inputs to hydrological models (NSW DPIE, 2020). The Shoalhaven River estuary model uses upstream dam discharges provided by the NSW Government, together with upstream inflows calculated by Miller et al. (2006). The reader is referred to the Shoalhaven technical report (Harrison et al., 2025c) for full details. The tidal water level boundary conditions for the historic simulations were constrained using synthetic tidal time series generated for the full simulation period based on the observed records at the nearest available tide gauge location to the estuary entrance. Two sea level rise scenarios were also simulated for each estuary: +0.2 m and + 0.55 m relative to the historic baseline, which correspond to the median projection averaged along the NSW coastline under SSP2-4.5 at 2050 and 2100 respectively (IPCC, 2021; Fox-Kemper et al., 2021), and are broadly representative of plausible near- and mid-term planning horizons. For each scenario, the full historic simulation period was re-run with a static offset applied to the tidal boundary condition. Unlike sea levels which are virtually certain to continue rising until at least 2100 under all future emission scenarios (IPCC, 2023), the impacts of climate change on river discharge are far more uncertain, with large uncertainty regarding future mean and seasonal changes in rainfall projections for southeast Australia (Di Virgilio et al., 2025; Ji et al., 2026). Rather than arbitrarily selecting specific possible future scenarios to test, upstream river discharge inputs were kept the same for the sea level scenarios as for the historic simulations, so that the impact of sea level rise on salinity statistics was isolated. 2.2.3. Key assumptions and limitations The river estuary models in this study are pre-dominantly one-dimensional along the channel direction (see section 2.2.1) and therefore produce depth and width-averaged salinity estimates. Moreover, the salinity model does not simulate density driven processes explicitly. Thus, the models do not explicitly resolve vertical stratification or short-term salt-wedge dynamics. Instead, longitudinal salt transport that results from these processes is implicitly accounted for by calibration of the diffusion coefficient in the model. The change to density driven mixing processes caused by sea level rise was assumed to be small compared to the change in advection rates, thus the same diffusion coefficients were used for present day and sea level rise scenarios. While such processes may be important for event-scale analyses, the primary objective of this study is to characterise long-term spatial and temporal salinity regimes, variability and trends. In addition, the limited availability of long-term vertical salinity observations constrains calibration of higher-dimensional models, and increased dimensionality was not considered likely to substantially improve confidence in long-duration results. Further, the use of largely one-dimensional meshes enabled computationally efficient simulations over multi-decadal time scales, allowing interannual and interdecadal variability to be robustly captured and long-term salinity statistics to be calculated. Full two- or three-dimensional modelling over comparable durations is generally less practical due to the high computational cost required for systems of this scale, as well as the lack of sufficient data to calibrate such models well. Despite this, the representation of salinity as a passive constituent, and that salinity-driven changes in density do not dynamically feedback on the hydrodynamics of the model remain a limitation. Estuarine bathymetry in the models is based on available survey data, typically comprising one or two datasets per estuary. As a result, estuary geomorphology was assumed to remain static over the simulation period. While model verification indicates that the available bathymetry adequately represents present-day conditions, this assumption may not hold over longer time scales, such as under future sea level rise or due to human intervention (e.g., dredging). Without additional bathymetric data, incorporating morphodynamic feedbacks (e.g., changes in sediment transport and bed levels that in turn modify hydrodynamics and salinity dynamics) would be challenging and may introduce further uncertainty, and is therefore acknowledged as a limitation of this study. These models are designed to capture the response of estuarine salinity to changing river discharge and tidal boundary conditions, as modulated by system-specific features and geometry. However, there are some other factors which may also influence salinity, which are not accounted for in the models. The models also do not include local catchment rainfall-runoff processes, which means that the direct effects of historic coastal rainfall events via runoff from the lower floodplains directly into estuary (below upstream river discharge inputs) are not explicitly represented. Wave climate and storm surge, which may also influence salinity particularly over short-term events, are also not included in the tidal water level boundary conditions. Model results are therefore not intended to be used to quantify absolute salinities at given time and locations. Instead, the analyses focus on relative differences, spatial patterns and long-term responses to changes in external drivers such as river discharge and sea level. 2.3. Data analysis and statistics Model output salinity data were generated at 30-minute intervals to resolve tidal variability. For the purposes of this study, which focuses on longer-term patterns, variability and trends, salinity time series were aggregated to daily means. This also ensured consistency with the daily river discharge inputs used to force the estuary models. All subsequent analyses were based on these daily-averaged datasets. Salt intrusion length in this study is defined as the distance from the estuary entrance to the location of the 1 ppt isohaline, a commonly used threshold representing the transition between fresh and brackish conditions (U.S. Geological Survey, 2018). The salt intrusion length is calculated daily from the daily-averaged salinity data by identifying the model node furthest from the estuary entrance which remained above the 1 ppt threshold, and taking the distance of that node from the estuary entrance as the salt intrusion length. Total daily river discharge was calculated as the sum of all upstream inflows applied at model boundaries. Annual and seasonal means, as well as 5th, 50th and 95th percentile values, were calculated for each year from daily salt intrusion lengths and daily river discharge volumes. Linear regression was then applied across the annual and seasonal values for each year to calculate long-term temporal trends across all estuaries for the full modelled period (1900–2019, or 1909–2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Correlations between annual and seasonal mean river discharge and saltwater intrusion length were calculated using distance correlation (Székely et al., 2007). Distance correlation was selected due to the non-linearity observed in the relationship between river discharge and saltwater intrusion length across estuaries (Figure S1). To examine salinity behaviour under contrasting hydrological conditions, the driest 5% and wettest 5% of years within the historic period were identified separately for each estuary based on total annual river discharge. 3. Results 3.1. Spatial characteristics of estuarine salinity Estuarine salinity profiles have been plotted for the length of each estuary up to the tidal limit (i.e., the point where water level no longer responds to ocean tides) using the daily-averaged results for the full period of the historic model runs (Fig. 3 ). These profiles provide a representation of the characteristic longitudinal salinity structure experienced within each estuary over the historic period and illustrate spatial variations in salinity along the estuary length. Figure 3 displays the high variability in salinity experienced along large distances of these estuaries, as shown by the 5th-95th percentile range, with only the upper extents of the longer estuaries (i.e., the Richmond, Clarence) stabilising at near-zero salinities. Shorter estuaries, which often have natural or human-made features which act as the tidal limit, display highly variable salinities throughout much of the estuary, with saline influence extending close or up to the tidal limit. These contrasting profiles highlight substantial differences in the longitudinal extent of saline influence and the degree of freshwater persistence among the estuaries. Across all estuaries, mean salinity shows a more gradual longitudinal gradient than 50th percentile salinity (Fig. 3 ). Mean salinity is lower than the 50th percentile at the estuary entrance, indicating that although salinity is frequently high at this location, lower salinity conditions associated with infrequent flushing events exert a strong influence on the long-term mean. Conversely, further upstream, mean salinity becomes greater than the 50th percentile salinity, indicating that salinities are generally low for much of the time and that intermittent higher salinity conditions elevate the mean. This systematic change in the relationship between mean and median salinity with distance from the entrance reflects a longitudinal transition in the distributional characteristics of salinity along each estuary. This transition is also evident in the asymmetrical spread of the 5th–95th percentile range around the 50th percentile (Fig. 3 ). The lower bound of the distribution (5th percentile) represents periods of reduced salinity typically associated with higher upstream flows, while the upper tail (95th percentile) reflects periods of elevated salinity that occur less frequently but extend further upstream. Together, these profiles indicate a progressive upstream shift from a regime dominated by frequent marine influence near the entrance to one in which salinity is generally low but punctuated by episodic high-salinity conditions in the upper estuary. 3.2. Temporal characteristics of estuarine salinity Salinity variations throughout seasonal cycles for the historic period modelled are plotted for the midpoints of all estuaries in Fig. 4 a, together with the seasonal cycle of total river discharge. Due to the large variation in tidal length between estuaries considered in this study, the positions of estuary midpoints are also highly variable, with estuary midpoints further upstream in estuaries with tidal limits at a greater distance from the ocean, as displayed in Fig. 3 . As a result, midpoints for longer estuaries (e.g., Richmond and Clarence) exhibit lower salinities, reflecting their more upstream location, whereas midpoints in shorter estuaries (e.g., Tweed and Hastings) are situated closer to the entrance and therefore display generally higher salinities. Seasonal cycles of salt intrusion length, defined here as the distance of the 1 ppt isohaline from the estuary entrance, are shown in Fig. 4 b. Unlike the salinity percentiles displayed in Fig. 4 a, which describe conditions at a fixed location within each estuary, the intrusion length metric in Fig. 4 b provides a spatially integrated measure of the seasonal extent of saline influence throughout the full estuary, albeit for a single salinity threshold. At a high level, modelled salinity percentiles exhibit broadly similar seasonal cycles across the five northern estuaries (Tweed through to Hastings, Fig. 2 ), with highest salinities generally occurring in austral spring (September to November) and a secondary peak in austral summer (December to February), followed by a decline to minimum levels in March at the start of austral autumn (Fig. 4 a). The Richmond River estuary displays a slightly offset seasonal pattern in salinity compared to the rest of the north coast rivers, with salinity generally at highest levels later during austral summer instead of spring, and lowest salinities around May to July, from the end of austral autumn into the start of winter. The Shoalhaven River, located further south (Fig. 2 ), displays a distinct and more muted seasonal pattern, with salinity peaking in January and reaching minimum levels in July. The seasonal pattern in salt intrusion length for each estuary reflects the mid-estuary salinity levels (Fig. 4 ), with greater intrusion distances corresponding to periods of elevated mid-estuary salinity. Across all estuaries, seasonal variations in salinity are inversely related to river discharge (Fig. 4 ), with periods of reduced salinity or shorter intrusion lengths coinciding with elevated discharge and higher salinities occurring during lower flow conditions. The five northern river estuaries (Tweed through to Hastings, Fig. 2 ) typically experience peak river discharge from January to April, during late austral summer and early autumn, with a secondary peak around June, in early winter. The Shoalhaven River estuary experiences higher levels of river discharge during austral autumn and winter (March through to August), with a distinct peak in June, particularly in 95th percentile. While seasonal patterns are distinguishable when considering the mean and 50th percentiles of river discharge, the 95th percentiles demonstrate the large interannual variability experienced in river discharge across all of these estuaries. Variability is particularly large during the seasons of peak river discharge, as well as in shorter river systems where salinity can intrude relatively quickly. High interannual variability is also a prominent feature of the seasonal cycles of both salinity and salt intrusion length across all estuaries (Fig. 4 ). Although the seasonal range displayed by the mean salinities is a contributing factor, it is apparent that considering years experiencing more extreme salinity, as captured by the 5th to 95th salinity range in Fig. 4 a, are required to explain a considerable portion of the variability in salinity displayed at estuary midpoint locations (Fig. 3 ). 3.3. Temporal trends over historic time period Table 1 summarises the long-term trends in salt intrusion length (defined as the distance of the 1 ppt isohaline from the estuary entrance) and river discharge across all estuaries for the full modelled period from 1900 to 2019 (or from 1909–2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Correlations between annual and seasonal mean river discharge and saltwater intrusion length are also displayed. As outlined in section 2.2 ., the modelled estuarine salinity, and therefore long-term trends observed from this dataset, capture the response of the estuarine system to changing river discharge boundary conditions modulated by system-specific geometry and tidal boundary conditions. The Richmond, Clarence and Hastings River estuaries exhibit statistically significant trends indicating a downstream shift in mean and 50th percentile summer salt intrusion lengths. The Richmond, Macleay and Hastings estuaries show a seaward shift in the 5th percentile summer salt intrusion length, which is associated to periods of increased freshwater flushing which push saltwater further downstream. In contrast, trends in summer river discharge are less consistent across estuaries and are statistically significant only for mean discharge in the Clarence and Hastings, and for the 95th percentile discharge in the Macleay. In austral winter, trends across all estuaries suggest a general tendency towards increasing salt intrusion length over the historic period, corresponding to a progressive upstream shift in the seasonal extent of saline influence. However, these trends are only statistically significant in the Tweed River estuary for mean, 50th and 5th percentile salt intrusion lengths, in Winter as well as Autumn. Annual mean and 5th percentile salt intrusion lengths in the Tweed River also show significant positive trends. The Tweed River exhibits small but statistically significant decreases in winter river discharge, which given the strong correlations calculated between river discharge and salt intrusion lengths in this system (Table 1 ), suggest a comparatively high sensitivity of salinity intrusion behaviour to long-term changes in river discharge. Overall, the trend analysis (Table 1 ) indicates that changes in salt intrusion length over the historic period are seasonally dependent and estuary-specific, with coherent downstream trends during summer in several northern estuaries and a tendency towards upstream shifts during winter that is most pronounced in the Tweed River. These results highlight the non-stationary nature of estuarine salinity regimes over multi-decadal time scales and the importance of considering seasonal and percentile-specific behaviour when assessing long-term changes in saline intrusion. Table 1. Trends in salt intrusion length (ppt/year) and river discharge volumes (m 3 /s/year) across the estuaries from 1900 to 2019 (or from 1909-2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Statistically significant trends are shown in bold for p-values < 0.1, and with an asterisk for p-values < 0.05. Red shading denotes increasing trends, while blue shading denotes decreasing trends. Distance correlations between mean river discharge and mean salt intrusion length are also reported, with values closer to 1 indicating stronger correlation. Salt intrusion length (1 ppt isohaline, m/year) River discharge trends (m 3 /s/year) Correlation between discharge and salt intrusion Mean 5 th %ile 50 th %ile 95 th %ile Mean 5 th %ile 50 th %ile 95 th %ile Tweed River Annual *19.3 31.5 20.2 -1.4 -0.014 -0.001 -0.009 -0.101 0.83 Summer 2.8 -1.2 0.7 12.5 -0.011 -0.004 -0.011 -0.192 0.80 Autumn *32.5 41.7 30.5 18.0 -0.016 -0.008 -0.017 -0.042 0.83 Winter *33.4 *52.8 *39.6 7.0 -0.035 *-0.006 *-0.018 *-0.137 0.90 Spring 8.1 -0.3 13.7 4.4 0.005 -0.003 -0.003 0.046 0.88 Richmond River Annual -30.8 -23.3 -15.6 -93.1 0.084 0.009 0.016 0.240 0.77 Summer -91.1 -75.7 -103.7 -102.0 0.277 0.018 0.079 1.455 0.62 Autumn -13.0 -4.7 -16.5 -33.0 0.038 0.006 0.001 0.540 0.70 Winter 12.3 -27.9 24.5 37.1 -0.082 -0.017 -0.043 -0.295 0.79 Spring -26.7 -40.4 -23.3 -19.1 0.063 0.007 0.025 0.461 0.65 Clarence River Annual -18.4 -18.4 -13.8 -21.3 0.258 0.008 0.031 0.691 0.86 Summer *-90.2 -68.6 *-99.2 -82.7 0.891 0.088 0.314 3.116 0.73 Autumn -20.2 -16.5 -27.9 -33.3 0.314 0.045 0.088 1.659 0.75 Winter 42.1 29.9 53.4 47.6 -0.263 -0.052 -0.140 -0.880 0.79 Spring -8.3 -14.6 -11.1 21.8 0.102 -0.011 0.039 0.411 0.71 Macleay River Annual 2.6 2.2 5.3 -6.3 0.045 0.004 0.002 0.148 0.82 Summer -35.6 *-46.9 -28.7 -31.7 0.321 0.023 0.070 1.638 0.67 Autumn 4.0 -1.3 5.6 -8.5 0.108 0.025 0.020 0.783 0.68 Winter 37.0 35.1 41.8 39.6 -0.235 -0.023 -0.071 -0.870 0.72 Spring 3.8 0.9 5.7 6.5 -0.007 -0.009 -0.021 0.041 0.72 Hastings River Annual -6.3 -5.3 -7.5 -4.6 0.018 0.003 0.008 0.109 0.90 Summer *-32.4 *-47.4 -31.5 -21.4 0.226 0.026 0.087 0.827 0.81 Autumn -5.0 -10.3 -3.8 -16.1 0.017 0.018 0.025 0.046 0.84 Winter 11.7 19.8 11.3 8.3 *-0.167 -0.017 -0.047 *-0.896 0.86 Spring 0.0 0.0 -2.3 1.5 0.000 -0.003 -0.007 0.044 0.85 Shoalhaven River Annual -11.2 9.1 -23.9 -19.5 0.045 0.007 0.031 0.112 0.80 Summer -32.0 -10.5 -45.1 -16.6 0.055 0.008 0.014 -0.052 0.74 Autumn 2.9 13.8 5.3 -4.1 0.026 0.012 0.021 -0.308 0.73 Winter 25.0 37.3 21.3 14.3 0.049 -0.001 -0.016 0.078 0.82 Spring -40.5 -55.0 -35.6 -28.7 0.050 0.012 0.050 0.088 0.79 3.4. Impact of sea level rise The modelled impacts of 0.55 m of sea level rise on the 50th percentile salinity for each estuary are displayed in Fig. 5 , with corresponding results for 0.2 m of sea level rise provided in Figure S2. In addition to changes in 50th percentile salinity across the full 120 year period of the model run (or 96 years for Shoalhaven River) (Fig. 5 a), the impacts on 50th percentile salinities for the driest 5% of years (Fig. 5 b) and the wettest 5% of years (Fig. 5 c) during the historical period were also examined. Across all estuaries, a sea level rise of 0.55 m leads to an increase in 50th percentile salinity, although the magnitude and spatial distribution of this response vary substantially between systems and along the estuary length (Fig. 5 ). Changes are not expressed as a uniform upstream shift but instead display distinct longitudinal patterns that differ among estuaries. Comparison between the full historic period and subsets of dry and wet years further indicates that the salinity response to sea level rise is strongly modulated by hydrological conditions. During the driest years (Fig. 5 b), sea level rise driven increases in 50th percentile salinity extend further upstream, with elevated salinities affecting a larger proportion of the estuary length. This indicates that sea level rise preferentially amplifies saline influence in upstream reaches during low-flow conditions. In contrast, during the wettest years (Fig. 5 c), increases in salinity are concentrated closer to the estuary entrance, with the largest changes occurring in the lower estuary and diminishing rapidly upstream. These contrasting patterns demonstrate that the longitudinal extent of salinity change under sea level rise depends strongly on the prevailing hydrological state. Differences in the spatial response between dry and wet years reflect variations in the balance between upstream freshwater influence and marine exchange at the estuary entrance that governs the distribution of salinity within each system. Model results indicate that increased sea level enhances the marine contribution to estuarine salinity across all flow conditions, while the upstream extent of this influence varies with river discharge. Under lower-flow conditions, salinity changes propagate further upstream, whereas under higher-flow conditions the response remains confined to the lower estuary. As expected, a sea level rise of 0.2 m produces smaller increases in 50th percentile salinity than the 0.55 m scenario. However, despite the difference in magnitude, the spatial patterns of salinity response are highly consistent between the two scenarios across all estuaries (Fig. 5 and Figure S2). 4. Discussion 4.1. Historic variability and trends in estuarine salinity Analysis of long-duration modelled datasets for six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast demonstrates pronounced spatial and temporal variability in estuarine salinity over the historic period (1900–2019, or 1909–2005 for the Shoalhaven). While there is a clear seasonal variability in both salinity levels and salt intrusion length, the large interannual variability observed across all systems, shown by the 5th to 95th salinity range in Fig. 4 , is the dominant contributor to the wide range of salinity conditions experienced along estuary lengths (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 ). This highlights that long-term salinity regimes are shaped not only by regular seasonal behaviour but also by the influence of infrequent extreme years. The strong correlation between river discharge and salt intrusion length (Table 1 ) indicates a high sensitivity of estuarine salinity structure to upstream flow variability. Over the 120-year period analysed, statistically significant trends in salt intrusion length were identified in several north coast estuaries, with contrasting behaviour between seasons. Decreasing trends in summer intrusion length observed in the Richmond, Clarence and Hastings estuaries indicate a progressive contraction of typical summer saline influence, whereas increasing trends in winter intrusion length in the Tweed suggest an expansion of saline influence during cooler months. These opposing seasonal tendencies illustrate the non-stationary and seasonally asymmetric nature of long-term salinity regimes. Although these trends are modest in magnitude, their coherence across multiple systems and seasons indicates that long-term shifts in salinity structure may have already occurred over the historic period. Similar spatial patterns in longitudinal salinity behaviour are evident across all estuaries, suggesting that some features of salinity structure may be characteristic of temperate, barrier estuary systems. At the same time, distinct differences between estuaries (Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 ) highlight the importance of system-specific geometry/geomorphology, hydrology and boundary conditions in shaping local salinity regimes. Understanding the extent to which these differences arise from estuary morphology, catchment characteristics or boundary controls remains challenging. While idealised studies have explored the influence of individual estuarine features on salt intrusion behaviour (e.g., Veerapaga et al., 2020; Biemond et al., 2022; Wei et al., 2022; Hendrickx et al., 2023; Biemond et al., 2024), applications to real estuaries across broad spatial and temporal scales remain limited. Multi-estuary, long-duration model outputs such as those analysed here therefore provide a valuable opportunity for comparative analyses that may support the development of generalised salinity regime typologies. Such frameworks could facilitate the high-level identification of estuaries most vulnerable to adverse salinity exposure and inform prioritisation for monitoring, modelling and management interventions. 4.2. Anticipated changes under future climate forcing Estuaries are particularly sensitive to climate change due to their exposure to both marine and terrestrial drivers and their frequent modification by human activities. Among these drivers, sea level rise and changes in river discharge are expected to exert a primary influence on future salinity regimes. Global mean sea level is already rising at an accelerating rate and is virtually certain to continue increasing throughout the twenty-first century under all emission scenarios (IPCC, 2023). Sea level rise scenarios considered here represent plausible near- and mid-term planning horizons for estuarine systems along the NSW coast (see section 2.2.2).The model results indicate that sea level rise leads to systematic increases in salinity across all estuaries, although the magnitude and longitudinal distribution of this response vary substantially between systems and hydrological states (Fig. 5 and Figure S2). Dependent on the river and location within the estuary, a sea level rise of 0.55 m causes an increase of ~ 1 to 3.5 ppt in 50th percentile salinities (Fig. 5 ). Importantly, these changes are small relative to the full range of historic salinity variability, which in some locations exceeds 30 ppt between wet and dry extremes (Fig. 3 ). In the near term (to approximately mid-century), these results highlight that, while sea level rise will start to have an impact on estuarine salinity, interannual variability associated with rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the dominant influence on the occurrence of extreme salinity conditions. However, sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity levels and to modify the spatial extent of saline influence, thereby potentially compounding the impacts of hydrological variability. In particular, the amplification of upstream salinity during dry years indicates an increased susceptibility to adverse intrusion events under future sea levels. Beyond mid-century, continued sea level rise under all scenarios implies that marine influence will progressively increase throughout estuarine systems. At the same time, regional climate projections for southeast Australia indicate that rainfall variability is likely to remain high, with substantial uncertainty regarding future mean conditions and seasonal changes (Di Virgilio et al., 2025; Ji et al., 2026). These projections suggest that future salinity regimes will be characterised not only by higher average salinities but also by persistent and potentially enhanced variability. Under such conditions, changes in the frequency, duration and sequencing of dry periods may become as important as changes in mean flow in shaping future salinity behaviour. Collectively, these results indicate that future estuarine salinity regimes are likely to evolve through the combined influence of rising sea levels and continued hydrological variability, with uncertainty in both the magnitude and timing of change, reinforcing the need for management approaches that consider both long-term shifts and short-term extremes when assessing future salinity risk. 4.3. Management implications The long-duration salinity datasets explored in this study provide a framework for examining how both natural variability and long-term change influence exposure of estuarine ecosystems and water users to adverse salinity conditions. Many estuarine species exhibit narrow salinity tolerances, and human uses such as drinking water supply and irrigation frequently depend on tidally influenced freshwater near the upstream limit of estuaries. Characterising the frequency, duration and extent of threshold exceedance therefore provides a practical basis for anticipatory management and early-warning approaches. The threshold-based analysis presented in Fig. 6 illustrates how long-term salinity datasets can be combined with tolerance limits to assess exposure under wet and dry years, as well as under future sea level scenarios. This example considers two river estuaries, the Richmond and Shoalhaven, and three estuarine water uses/species with different salinity tolerance thresholds; town drinking water extractions (salinity threshold of < 0.5 ppt, NHMRC, NRMMC, 2011), sugarcane crop irrigation (< 1 ppt, ANZECC and ARMCANZ, 2000), and habitat for adult native Australian Bass (< 5ppt, Cox and Peirson, 2003; Miller et al., 2005). This approach is likely transferrable to other river estuaries, water users and/or estuarine species. While the Richmond and Shoalhaven River estuaries have similar catchment sizes, the Shoalhaven estuary is around half the length of the Richmond. Comparison between the plots for the Richmond and the Shoalhaven Rivers demonstrates how shorter length estuaries may become more susceptible to estuarine squeeze during periods of increased saltwater intrusion or under future sea level rise (Fig. 6 ). Species or water users with lower salinity tolerance thresholds are particularly at risk, where options to migrate, or move extractions, further upstream may be limited. At the upstream limit of the Shoalhaven estuary, lower salinity thresholds of 0.5 ppt are already modelled to exceed ~ 70 days during the driest years (Fig. 6 ), suggesting there are already considerable periods of time where drinking water extractions cannot be made from the Shoalhaven tidal pool during dry years (without employing desalinisation). Sea level rise further increases the frequency and duration of threshold exceedance during dry years, with increases of up to approximately 40 days per year identified at some locations under the 0.55 m scenario (Fig. 6 ). Such changes have direct implications for drinking water security, irrigation reliability and habitat availability for freshwater-dependent species. Importantly, these impacts are not uniform across estuaries and are strongly modulated by geometry, tidal limits and hydrological variability. Over time, upstream migration of tidal limits under sea level rise may further alter salinity exposure, particularly in systems constrained by natural or engineered barriers. Shorter estuaries displaying high variability near the tidal limit (e.g., Fig. 3 ) may be especially susceptible to estuarine squeeze, with limited scope for upstream displacement of sensitive uses or habitats. These results highlight the importance of incorporating both present-day variability and future boundary migration into estuarine planning and adaptation strategies. 4.4. Key recommendations This study demonstrates that estuarine salinity regimes are characterised by strong variability and sensitivity to extremes which drive adverse salinity impacts. With future climate drivers likely to become more non-stationary and compounding (Ridder et al., 2022; IPCC, 2023), improved representation of these processes is recommended. Future research should prioritise investigation of the combined influence of sea level rise and projected changes in rainfall variability, including changes in the frequency, duration, and sequencing of dry periods, rather than changes in mean conditions alone. This includes examining compound scenarios where prolonged low-flow conditions coincide with elevated sea levels, to better characterise future salt intrusion risk beyond static sea level rise offsets. The framework presented here is transferable to other estuaries both within Australia and globally. However, this requires the availability of multi-estuary, long-duration datasets, which remain scarce. Furthermore, whilst a rare and valuable resource, the modelled datasets used in this study still had certain limitations linked to a lack of observational data and limits in vertical resolution. Targeted investment in long-term salinity monitoring, including vertical profiling at key estuarine locations, would improve understanding of saline transport processes and support calibration of higher-dimensional models where warranted. There is also potential for future modelling studies to explore nested or hybrid approaches, combining long-duration simplified models with shorter-term, higher-resolution simulations during periods of elevated risk. Linking research on estuarine salinity variability and how this may change in future to estuarine management and adaptation strategies is crucial. Future research should explicitly evaluate the effectiveness of estuarine management and strategies aimed at modifying salinity exposure, including changes to water extraction rules, land-use planning in tidally influenced zones, and the operation or modification of in-stream structures (e.g., weirs and barrages). Applying salinity threshold-based metrics, such as days per year exceeding user- or species-specific tolerances, provides a practical framework for integrating science into decision-making and adaptation pathways. 5. Conclusions This study demonstrates that estuarine salinity regimes across six major southeast Australian estuaries are characterised by pronounced spatial and temporal variability. Although seasonal cycles in salinity and salt intrusion are evident, interannual variability dominates the overall range of salinity conditions experienced along estuary lengths. Strong associations between salt intrusion length and river discharge, together with seasonally asymmetric long-term trends detected over the historic 120-year period, indicate that estuarine salinity regimes are non-stationary and evolve over multi-decadal timescales in response to river discharge in ways that are not captured by short-term observations or single-estuary studies. Winter salt intrusion lengths have shifted landward in response to decreased river discharge over the last 120 years, while summer salt intrusion lengths have been modelled to shift seaward. While coherent longitudinal patterns are apparent across systems, substantial differences between estuaries highlight the influence of system-specific characteristics such as estuary morphology, catchment attributes and boundary conditions. Modelled sea level rise scenarios elevate salinity across all estuaries, but the magnitude and longitudinal extent of change vary considerably between systems and hydrological conditions. Rather than producing a uniform upstream shift, sea level rise alters salinity regimes in a spatially heterogeneous and regime-dependent manner, with distinct responses during dry and wet periods. While salinity increase due to sea level rise propagates further upstream under drier conditions, the increase in salinity remains constrained closer to the estuary entrance during wet conditions. These responses reflect a compound and nonlinear interaction between sea level rise and river discharge, whereby elevated mean sea levels amplify salt intrusion particularly during low-flow periods. Taken together, the results clarify the relative roles of river discharge variability and sea level rise in shaping estuarine salinity under a changing climate. Up to 2050, interannual variability in rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the dominant influence on extreme salinity conditions, while sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity and compound saltwater intrusion during low-flow periods. Beyond 2050, continued sea level rise combined with uncertain future rainfall regimes implies higher average salinities alongside persistent, and potentially enhanced variability. Finally, this study demonstrates the value of long-duration, multi-estuary salinity datasets for supporting threshold-based assessments for estuarine ecosystems and water users. The example framework highlights how shorter estuaries may be particularly vulnerable to estuarine squeeze under rising sea levels where opportunities for upstream adjustment are limited, increasing exposure to elevated salinity conditions. More broadly, the approach is transferable to other estuarine systems and provides a basis for anticipatory estuarine management that integrates present-day variability, long-term non-stationarity and future boundary migration. Declarations CRediT author statement Jessica Amies: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing - Original Draft, Writing- Reviewing and Editing. Alice Harrison, Margot Mason, Daniel Gilbert, Brett Miller: Methodology, Software, Writing- Reviewing and Editing. Jiyong Lee , Bouke Biemond , Kerrylee Rodgers: Writing- Reviewing and Editing. Alexandra Jones: Visualization. Danial Khojasteh: Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Supervision. Acknowledgements This research was funded under the NSW Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. 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D., & Amoudry, L. O. (2022). Salt Intrusion as a Function of Estuary Length in Periodically Weakly Stratified Estuaries. Geophysical Research Letters , 49 (15). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099082 Wegman, T. M., Dijkstra, H. A., Pietrzak, J. D., Devine, A. R. H., & Ralston, D. K. (2024). Observations of Estuarine Salt Intrusion Dynamics During a Prolonged Drought Event in the Rhine-Meuse Delta. Journal Of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 129 , e2024JC021655. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021655 Yang, Z., Wang, T., Voisin, N., & Copping, A. (2015). Estuarine response to river flow and sea-level rise under future climate change and human development. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science , 156 , 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.08.015 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 14 May, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 21 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 07 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 07 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 06 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9340154","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":627138977,"identity":"ba1eadf3-7095-4456-b051-09b2d6a6dc81","order_by":0,"name":"Jessica Amies","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"NSW Department of Change, Energy, the Environment, and Water","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jessica","middleName":"","lastName":"Amies","suffix":""},{"id":627138978,"identity":"34b30fad-0dc7-4065-b23f-1ce9fee50211","order_by":1,"name":"Alice Harrison","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UNSW: University of New South Wales","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alice","middleName":"","lastName":"Harrison","suffix":""},{"id":627138979,"identity":"2c518060-1579-4094-beb3-78f7af03c2b6","order_by":2,"name":"Margot Mason","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UNSW: University of New South Wales","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Margot","middleName":"","lastName":"Mason","suffix":""},{"id":627138980,"identity":"8b1647ee-e203-4b66-b95e-94e12949eb77","order_by":3,"name":"Daniel Gilbert","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UNSW: University of New South Wales","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Daniel","middleName":"","lastName":"Gilbert","suffix":""},{"id":627138981,"identity":"e00ac66b-6d98-4134-a170-e0ebc715e58f","order_by":4,"name":"Brett Miller","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UNSW: University of New South Wales","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Brett","middleName":"","lastName":"Miller","suffix":""},{"id":627138982,"identity":"ef78938f-ef7a-4dc6-8b0d-e136e9ba844f","order_by":5,"name":"Jiyong Lee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiyong","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":627138983,"identity":"6997ab0c-383b-4bd0-adc3-80a4257f9582","order_by":6,"name":"Bouke Biemond","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Delft University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Delft","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bouke","middleName":"","lastName":"Biemond","suffix":""},{"id":627138984,"identity":"bea16af3-e80a-42d0-a44f-a5dddd09fa55","order_by":7,"name":"Kerrylee Rodgers","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Wollongong","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kerrylee","middleName":"","lastName":"Rodgers","suffix":""},{"id":627138985,"identity":"4690937c-b413-4322-bd4a-7cede085455a","order_by":8,"name":"Alexandra Jones","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alexandra","middleName":"","lastName":"Jones","suffix":""},{"id":627138986,"identity":"9d0add86-71b3-4562-a300-8a7617869ab6","order_by":9,"name":"Danial Khojasteh","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-2885","institution":"NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Danial","middleName":"","lastName":"Khojasteh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-07 06:03:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108139913,"identity":"44b787d3-8dcd-410f-a52d-a41db87d65b9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-29 18:43:48","extension":"jpeg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4946836,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eConceptual diagram illustrating the key processes governing estuarine salinity structure and variability, together with major climate drivers, water uses and ecosystem components potentially affected by changing salinity. The diagram highlights the longitudinal salinity gradient and the interacting influence of river discharge, marine forcing and sea level rise on salinity intrusion within estuarine systems.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage11.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/175a08ad57c1d29f1cf64e92.jpeg"},{"id":108183138,"identity":"54cca1ba-2b42-4609-adf0-65559ef54e6a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 08:59:49","extension":"jpeg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":584047,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLocation of river estuaries along the New South Wales coastline analysed in this study. Insets show the hydrodynamic model meshes for each estuary (dark blue), together with estuary midpoint locations (light blue circles) located at 0.5 of the estuary length normalised by the tidal limit.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage21.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/7a69fd6c48fb3e4d84b64aa1.jpeg"},{"id":108139914,"identity":"aa4300be-8841-41ee-8d92-4535f8c7c1cd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-29 18:43:48","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1020522,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEstuary salinity profiles showing modelled salinity mean (dashed lines), 50th percentile (solid lines) and 5th-95th percentile range (shaded band) for the full period of the historic model run (1900-2019, or 1909-2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Estuary midpoints referred to in this study (located at 0.5 of the normalised tidal limit) are indicated by vertical grey dashed lines and annotated with the actual distance from the entrance this point represents for each estuary. The grey shaded areas mask distances beyond estuary tidal limits.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/8459ba81e402adb1f34962a4.png"},{"id":108183004,"identity":"541f2682-fbad-4c0e-9948-e300468cca6f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 08:59:44","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1982519,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSeasonal cycles for (a) salinity (orange) and river discharge (blue) at the estuary midpoint (0.5 of the estuary length normalised by the tidal limit), and for (b) salt intrusion length, defined as the distance of the 1 ppt isohaline from the estuary entrance. The mean (dashed line), 50th percentile (solid line) and 5th-95th percentile range (shaded band) for each variable were calculated from the full period of the historic model run for each calendar day and subsequently smoothed using a 31-day rolling window. Note changes in y-axis scale. Y-axes for (b) are fixed for each estuary from 0km at the entrance up to the tidal limit.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/3cc2189252a6d1be81186033.png"},{"id":108139916,"identity":"c8a74b4a-0ed0-4212-b660-16e5b87f035b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-29 18:43:48","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1148036,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eChange in 50th percentile salinity (ppt) along estuary lengths under a sea level rise scenario of 0.55 m for (a) all years of model run, (b) the driest 5% of years and (c) the wettest 5% of years.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/f278c1ba084ba8839776783e.png"},{"id":108139918,"identity":"cbe37f43-23ea-4d41-968d-9b5c5a206617","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-29 18:43:48","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5114460,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMaps showing upstream extent of 50\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e percentile 0.5, 1 and 5 ppt specific salinity tolerance thresholds for the (a) Richmond and (b) Shoalhaven Rivers under historic model run and under a 0.55 m sea level rise scenario, along with number of days per year for which salinity exceeds specific tolerance thresholds for (c-d) town drinking water extractions, (e-f) sugarcane crop irrigation, and (g-h) habitat for adult native Australian Bass. 50th percentile salinity threshold exceedance is displayed for both the historic model run and under a 0.55 m sea level rise scenario (lighter colours). Percentiles for both scenarios are displayed for the full period of the historic model runs (black and grey), the driest 5% of years from the historic runs (orange and yellow), the wettest 5% of years from the historic runs (dark blue and light blue) for the historic and sea level rise model runs, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/3cd8cec628defcc3f01d47c2.png"},{"id":108184084,"identity":"1dcb1ec3-7351-4998-b6d6-a976ce86bf7e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:03:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":13868288,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9340154/v1/0d128b4b-531b-4375-9bf2-9c241bfc85cd.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Shifting estuarine salinity under a changing climate: Insights from southeast Australia","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eEstuaries are transitional zones between freshwater river environments and saline coastal waters, providing a unique habitat which supports rich biodiversity and some of the world\u0026rsquo;s most productive ecosystems (United Nations, 2021). Simultaneously, estuaries are focal points for human activity, providing a range of social, economic, cultural and recreational services, and are often under increasing pressure from human development (Barbier et al., 2011; Todd et al., 2019; United Nations, 2021). Furthermore, situated at the interface between land and ocean, estuaries are subject to a convergence of meteorological drivers (e.g., temperature, rainfall), marine drivers (e.g. sea level rise, ocean temperature) and riverine drivers (e.g., changes in river discharge volumes) which makes them particularly sensitive to climate change and to long-term shifts in environmental forcing (Biguino et al., 2023; Kennish et al., 2023; Khojasteh et al., 2023).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSalinity is a key variable in estuarine systems, with influences for human activity (e.g., water supply constraints and extraction regulations) as well as the environment (e.g., exceedance of ecological thresholds) (Mohammed and Scholz, 2018; Costa et al., 2023). Estuarine salinity is inherently dynamic, governed primarily by the hydrodynamic balance among key forcing drivers \u0026ndash; including river discharge, tidal mixing, and gravitational circulation \u0026ndash; as well as additional influences such as wind forcing, wave action, and storm surges (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e; MacCready, 2004; Valle-Levinson, 2010; Savenije, 2012). Through this balance, salinity integrates the combined effects of riverine, marine and atmospheric drivers, providing a sensitive indicator of how estuarine systems respond to both short-term variability and longer-term changes in external forcing.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstuarine species and water users are generally accustomed and adapted to experiencing variability in salinity. However, extreme events which deviate much further from mean salinity conditions within the estuary, either in the form of acute saltwater intrusion events or freshwater pulses, can have greater impacts on different ecosystem components (e.g., estuarine species with certain salinity tolerances), as well as human water users who may extract water from the tidal pool for town water or irrigation (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). In particular, acute saltwater intrusion events, where saltwater travels further upstream than usual and higher salinity levels are experienced throughout the estuary, are observed during droughts and have the potential to cause adverse impacts (Rodrigues et al., 2019; Wegman et al., 2024; Miller and Hiatt, 2024). Beyond individual events, persistent changes in the frequency, duration and spatial extent of elevated salinity can progressively alter hydro-ecological boundaries and management constraints within estuarine systems.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging estuarine salinity is already a growing challenge in many regions worldwide (e.g., Smajgl et al., 2015; Dessu et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2024; Li et al., 2025), and climate change, in particular through sea level rise and the emergence of greater hydrological extremes, is expected to further influence both mean salinity levels and acute saltwater intrusion events (Yang et al., 2015; Pereira et al., 2022; Costa et al., 2023; Lee et al., 2024; Lee et al., 2025). While several studies have examined salinity responses over short periods or under individual drivers (e.g., Vu et al., 2018; Mulamba et al., 2019; Menten et al., 2023) there remains limited understanding of how estuarine salinity regimes evolve over longer time scales as multiple climate drivers interact. It is therefore important to understand and manage the longer-term risks of changing salinity in estuarine systems under ongoing climate change.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur understanding of estuarine salinity dynamics is often limited by a lack of monitoring and observational salinity data. In particular, there is a shortage of continuous, long-term datasets with adequate spatial coverage to provide insight on vertical or longitudinal gradients within estuaries, as well as the temporal variability occurring at tidal, rainfall event, seasonal and interannual timescales. Due to this lack of observational data, physics-based modelling can be valuable to help us understand spatial and temporal variability, as well as longer-term trends in estuarine salinity. In general, efforts to model estuarine salinity have primarily focused on idealised studies (e.g., Veerapaga et al., 2020; Biemond et al., 2022; Wei et al., 2022; Hendrickx et al., 2023), or in-depth estuary specific models conducted for a single or pair of estuaries over short time periods (e.g., Mulamba et al., 2019; Pereira et al., 2022; Cook et al., 2023; Menten et al., 2023; Hu et al., 2024). However, there has been less research into the longer-term variability, trends and structural changes in estuarine salinity regimes, and how these emerge from the combined influence of river discharge variability and rising sea levels across different estuaries.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study aims to address this by analysing a newly available set of long-term, multi-estuary salinity datasets produced by hydrodynamic modelling of six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast for a historic period of 120 years (1900\u0026ndash;2019), as well as for two sea level rise scenarios of 0.2 m and 0.55 m (NSW DCCEEW, 2025). These estuaries encompass a range of different estuarine characteristics, including different estuary lengths, catchment sizes and flow volumes (Table S1), providing an opportunity to examine how salinity responses vary systematically across contrasting systems.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis research contributes a long-term perspective on the characteristics, variability and extremes of estuarine salinity experienced across a range of estuaries. By examining salinity evolution over more than a century and under projected sea level rise, this study provides new insight into how estuarine salinity regimes respond to interacting climate drivers, and how these changes translate into shifting gradients, intrusion lengths and exposure to elevated salinity. The results offer estuarine management-relevant interpretation, with implications for water resource management, ecosystem protection and adaptation planning in estuarine systems, and provide insights that are potentially applicable to other estuaries globally.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1. Study sites\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study focuses on six river estuaries along the southeast Australian coast in the state of New South Wales (NSW): the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence, Macleay, Hastings and Shoalhaven Rivers. Figure\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ea shows the location of these six estuaries along the NSW coastline, together with their associated river catchments. All six systems are classified as wave-dominated barrier estuaries, although they span a wide range of estuary lengths, catchment areas, tidal limits and hydrological characteristics (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e; Table S1).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regional climate across the study area is broadly temperate, with a latitudinal gradient characterised by decreasing mean temperatures from north to south. Rainfall patterns also vary across the region, with the five northern estuaries (Tweed through Hastings) experiencing different seasonal rainfall characteristics to the Shoalhaven River on the south coast.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Shoalhaven River differs from the other systems in that a portion of upstream inflow is regulated by releases from Tallowa Dam. Whilst the Shoalhaven is a regulated system, the model scenarios used in this study did not consider changes to dam operation over time. Instead, the model scenarios were designed to examine estuarine sensitivity to variability in upstream inflows under a consistent operational framework.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Data\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe datasets used for this study were produced as part of a NSW Government saltwater intrusion vulnerability assessment, and have been made publicly available (NSW DCCEEW, 2025). The Manning River estuary was also modelled as part of this study; however the Manning dataset was excluded from this study as the model did not demonstrate a satisfactory representation of salinity dynamics during calibration (Gilbert et al., 2025b).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sections below summarise key aspects of the modelling framework and highlight assumptions and limitations relevant to the analyses presented here. The reader is referred to the individual estuary technical reports for detailed documentation of the hydrodynamic modelling approach, including model development, calibration and verification procedures, as well as a full discussion of the assumptions and limitations appropriate to each estuary (Gilbert et al., 2025a; Harrison et al., 2025a; Harrison et al., 2025b; Harrison et al., 2025c; Mason et al., 2025a; Mason et al., 2025b).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.1. Modelling approach\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll estuary models were developed using the RMA software suite and consist of coupled hydrodynamic (RMA-2) and salinity (RMA-11) model (King, 2015). The RMA-11 modelled salinity as a passive constituent, and did not simulate changes in density. The implications this has for the study and interpretation of results are discussed in section 2.2.3.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Tweed, Clarence, Macleay and Hastings River estuary models were constructed using horizontally two-dimensional model meshes in the lower estuary near the estuary entrance, transitioning to one-dimensional elements with variable cross sections further upstream. The Richmond and Shoalhaven estuaries were represented entirely using one-dimensional elements with variable cross sections. Section 2.2.3 discusses the reasons and implications of employing largely one-dimensional models in more detail. Long duration simulations were conducted for 120 years (1900\u0026ndash;2019) for all estuaries except for the Shoalhaven River, which was run for 96 years (1909\u0026ndash;2005) due to limited availability of upstream inflow data.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.2. Boundary conditions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eUpstream river discharge inputs for the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence, Macleay and Hastings estuaries were obtained from NSW Government datasets (NSW DCCEEW, 2024). These datasets extend observed daily gauge records back to 1890 by using historic rainfall records as inputs to hydrological models (NSW DPIE, 2020). The Shoalhaven River estuary model uses upstream dam discharges provided by the NSW Government, together with upstream inflows calculated by Miller et al. (2006). The reader is referred to the Shoalhaven technical report (Harrison et al., 2025c) for full details.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe tidal water level boundary conditions for the historic simulations were constrained using synthetic tidal time series generated for the full simulation period based on the observed records at the nearest available tide gauge location to the estuary entrance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo sea level rise scenarios were also simulated for each estuary: +0.2 m and +\u0026thinsp;0.55 m relative to the historic baseline, which correspond to the median projection averaged along the NSW coastline under SSP2-4.5 at 2050 and 2100 respectively (IPCC, 2021; Fox-Kemper et al., 2021), and are broadly representative of plausible near- and mid-term planning horizons. For each scenario, the full historic simulation period was re-run with a static offset applied to the tidal boundary condition. Unlike sea levels which are virtually certain to continue rising until at least 2100 under all future emission scenarios (IPCC, 2023), the impacts of climate change on river discharge are far more uncertain, with large uncertainty regarding future mean and seasonal changes in rainfall projections for southeast Australia (Di Virgilio et al., 2025; Ji et al., 2026). Rather than arbitrarily selecting specific possible future scenarios to test, upstream river discharge inputs were kept the same for the sea level scenarios as for the historic simulations, so that the impact of sea level rise on salinity statistics was isolated.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2.3. Key assumptions and limitations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe river estuary models in this study are pre-dominantly one-dimensional along the channel direction (see section 2.2.1) and therefore produce depth and width-averaged salinity estimates. Moreover, the salinity model does not simulate density driven processes explicitly. Thus, the models do not explicitly resolve vertical stratification or short-term salt-wedge dynamics. Instead, longitudinal salt transport that results from these processes is implicitly accounted for by calibration of the diffusion coefficient in the model. The change to density driven mixing processes caused by sea level rise was assumed to be small compared to the change in advection rates, thus the same diffusion coefficients were used for present day and sea level rise scenarios. While such processes may be important for event-scale analyses, the primary objective of this study is to characterise long-term spatial and temporal salinity regimes, variability and trends. In addition, the limited availability of long-term vertical salinity observations constrains calibration of higher-dimensional models, and increased dimensionality was not considered likely to substantially improve confidence in long-duration results. Further, the use of largely one-dimensional meshes enabled computationally efficient simulations over multi-decadal time scales, allowing interannual and interdecadal variability to be robustly captured and long-term salinity statistics to be calculated. Full two- or three-dimensional modelling over comparable durations is generally less practical due to the high computational cost required for systems of this scale, as well as the lack of sufficient data to calibrate such models well. Despite this, the representation of salinity as a passive constituent, and that salinity-driven changes in density do not dynamically feedback on the hydrodynamics of the model remain a limitation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstuarine bathymetry in the models is based on available survey data, typically comprising one or two datasets per estuary. As a result, estuary geomorphology was assumed to remain static over the simulation period. While model verification indicates that the available bathymetry adequately represents present-day conditions, this assumption may not hold over longer time scales, such as under future sea level rise or due to human intervention (e.g., dredging). Without additional bathymetric data, incorporating morphodynamic feedbacks (e.g., changes in sediment transport and bed levels that in turn modify hydrodynamics and salinity dynamics) would be challenging and may introduce further uncertainty, and is therefore acknowledged as a limitation of this study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese models are designed to capture the response of estuarine salinity to changing river discharge and tidal boundary conditions, as modulated by system-specific features and geometry. However, there are some other factors which may also influence salinity, which are not accounted for in the models. The models also do not include local catchment rainfall-runoff processes, which means that the direct effects of historic coastal rainfall events via runoff from the lower floodplains directly into estuary (below upstream river discharge inputs) are not explicitly represented. Wave climate and storm surge, which may also influence salinity particularly over short-term events, are also not included in the tidal water level boundary conditions. Model results are therefore not intended to be used to quantify absolute salinities at given time and locations. Instead, the analyses focus on relative differences, spatial patterns and long-term responses to changes in external drivers such as river discharge and sea level.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Data analysis and statistics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eModel output salinity data were generated at 30-minute intervals to resolve tidal variability. For the purposes of this study, which focuses on longer-term patterns, variability and trends, salinity time series were aggregated to daily means. This also ensured consistency with the daily river discharge inputs used to force the estuary models. All subsequent analyses were based on these daily-averaged datasets.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSalt intrusion length in this study is defined as the distance from the estuary entrance to the location of the 1 ppt isohaline, a commonly used threshold representing the transition between fresh and brackish conditions (U.S. Geological Survey, 2018). The salt intrusion length is calculated daily from the daily-averaged salinity data by identifying the model node furthest from the estuary entrance which remained above the 1 ppt threshold, and taking the distance of that node from the estuary entrance as the salt intrusion length.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal daily river discharge was calculated as the sum of all upstream inflows applied at model boundaries. Annual and seasonal means, as well as 5th, 50th and 95th percentile values, were calculated for each year from daily salt intrusion lengths and daily river discharge volumes. Linear regression was then applied across the annual and seasonal values for each year to calculate long-term temporal trends across all estuaries for the full modelled period (1900\u0026ndash;2019, or 1909\u0026ndash;2005 for the Shoalhaven River).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrelations between annual and seasonal mean river discharge and saltwater intrusion length were calculated using distance correlation (Sz\u0026eacute;kely et al., 2007). Distance correlation was selected due to the non-linearity observed in the relationship between river discharge and saltwater intrusion length across estuaries (Figure S1). To examine salinity behaviour under contrasting hydrological conditions, the driest 5% and wettest 5% of years within the historic period were identified separately for each estuary based on total annual river discharge.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Spatial characteristics of estuarine salinity\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEstuarine salinity profiles have been plotted for the length of each estuary up to the tidal limit (i.e., the point where water level no longer responds to ocean tides) using the daily-averaged results for the full period of the historic model runs (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). These profiles provide a representation of the characteristic longitudinal salinity structure experienced within each estuary over the historic period and illustrate spatial variations in salinity along the estuary length.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e displays the high variability in salinity experienced along large distances of these estuaries, as shown by the 5th-95th percentile range, with only the upper extents of the longer estuaries (i.e., the Richmond, Clarence) stabilising at near-zero salinities. Shorter estuaries, which often have natural or human-made features which act as the tidal limit, display highly variable salinities throughout much of the estuary, with saline influence extending close or up to the tidal limit. These contrasting profiles highlight substantial differences in the longitudinal extent of saline influence and the degree of freshwater persistence among the estuaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcross all estuaries, mean salinity shows a more gradual longitudinal gradient than 50th percentile salinity (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Mean salinity is lower than the 50th percentile at the estuary entrance, indicating that although salinity is frequently high at this location, lower salinity conditions associated with infrequent flushing events exert a strong influence on the long-term mean. Conversely, further upstream, mean salinity becomes greater than the 50th percentile salinity, indicating that salinities are generally low for much of the time and that intermittent higher salinity conditions elevate the mean. This systematic change in the relationship between mean and median salinity with distance from the entrance reflects a longitudinal transition in the distributional characteristics of salinity along each estuary.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis transition is also evident in the asymmetrical spread of the 5th\u0026ndash;95th percentile range around the 50th percentile (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). The lower bound of the distribution (5th percentile) represents periods of reduced salinity typically associated with higher upstream flows, while the upper tail (95th percentile) reflects periods of elevated salinity that occur less frequently but extend further upstream. Together, these profiles indicate a progressive upstream shift from a regime dominated by frequent marine influence near the entrance to one in which salinity is generally low but punctuated by episodic high-salinity conditions in the upper estuary.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Temporal characteristics of estuarine salinity\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSalinity variations throughout seasonal cycles for the historic period modelled are plotted for the midpoints of all estuaries in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea, together with the seasonal cycle of total river discharge. Due to the large variation in tidal length between estuaries considered in this study, the positions of estuary midpoints are also highly variable, with estuary midpoints further upstream in estuaries with tidal limits at a greater distance from the ocean, as displayed in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. As a result, midpoints for longer estuaries (e.g., Richmond and Clarence) exhibit lower salinities, reflecting their more upstream location, whereas midpoints in shorter estuaries (e.g., Tweed and Hastings) are situated closer to the entrance and therefore display generally higher salinities.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSeasonal cycles of salt intrusion length, defined here as the distance of the 1 ppt isohaline from the estuary entrance, are shown in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eb. Unlike the salinity percentiles displayed in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea, which describe conditions at a fixed location within each estuary, the intrusion length metric in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eb provides a spatially integrated measure of the seasonal extent of saline influence throughout the full estuary, albeit for a single salinity threshold.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAt a high level, modelled salinity percentiles exhibit broadly similar seasonal cycles across the five northern estuaries (Tweed through to Hastings, Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), with highest salinities generally occurring in austral spring (September to November) and a secondary peak in austral summer (December to February), followed by a decline to minimum levels in March at the start of austral autumn (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea). The Richmond River estuary displays a slightly offset seasonal pattern in salinity compared to the rest of the north coast rivers, with salinity generally at highest levels later during austral summer instead of spring, and lowest salinities around May to July, from the end of austral autumn into the start of winter. The Shoalhaven River, located further south (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), displays a distinct and more muted seasonal pattern, with salinity peaking in January and reaching minimum levels in July. The seasonal pattern in salt intrusion length for each estuary reflects the mid-estuary salinity levels (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e), with greater intrusion distances corresponding to periods of elevated mid-estuary salinity.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcross all estuaries, seasonal variations in salinity are inversely related to river discharge (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e), with periods of reduced salinity or shorter intrusion lengths coinciding with elevated discharge and higher salinities occurring during lower flow conditions. The five northern river estuaries (Tweed through to Hastings, Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e) typically experience peak river discharge from January to April, during late austral summer and early autumn, with a secondary peak around June, in early winter. The Shoalhaven River estuary experiences higher levels of river discharge during austral autumn and winter (March through to August), with a distinct peak in June, particularly in 95th percentile. While seasonal patterns are distinguishable when considering the mean and 50th percentiles of river discharge, the 95th percentiles demonstrate the large interannual variability experienced in river discharge across all of these estuaries. Variability is particularly large during the seasons of peak river discharge, as well as in shorter river systems where salinity can intrude relatively quickly.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh interannual variability is also a prominent feature of the seasonal cycles of both salinity and salt intrusion length across all estuaries (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). Although the seasonal range displayed by the mean salinities is a contributing factor, it is apparent that considering years experiencing more extreme salinity, as captured by the 5th to 95th salinity range in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea, are required to explain a considerable portion of the variability in salinity displayed at estuary midpoint locations (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Temporal trends over historic time period\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable \u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e summarises the long-term trends in salt intrusion length (defined as the distance of the 1 ppt isohaline from the estuary entrance) and river discharge across all estuaries for the full modelled period from 1900 to 2019 (or from 1909\u0026ndash;2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Correlations between annual and seasonal mean river discharge and saltwater intrusion length are also displayed. As outlined in section \u003cspan refid=\"Sec4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2.2\u003c/span\u003e., the modelled estuarine salinity, and therefore long-term trends observed from this dataset, capture the response of the estuarine system to changing river discharge boundary conditions modulated by system-specific geometry and tidal boundary conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe Richmond, Clarence and Hastings River estuaries exhibit statistically significant trends indicating a downstream shift in mean and 50th percentile summer salt intrusion lengths. The Richmond, Macleay and Hastings estuaries show a seaward shift in the 5th percentile summer salt intrusion length, which is associated to periods of increased freshwater flushing which push saltwater further downstream. In contrast, trends in summer river discharge are less consistent across estuaries and are statistically significant only for mean discharge in the Clarence and Hastings, and for the 95th percentile discharge in the Macleay.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn austral winter, trends across all estuaries suggest a general tendency towards increasing salt intrusion length over the historic period, corresponding to a progressive upstream shift in the seasonal extent of saline influence. However, these trends are only statistically significant in the Tweed River estuary for mean, 50th and 5th percentile salt intrusion lengths, in Winter as well as Autumn. Annual mean and 5th percentile salt intrusion lengths in the Tweed River also show significant positive trends. The Tweed River exhibits small but statistically significant decreases in winter river discharge, which given the strong correlations calculated between river discharge and salt intrusion lengths in this system (Table \u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), suggest a comparatively high sensitivity of salinity intrusion behaviour to long-term changes in river discharge.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall, the trend analysis (Table \u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) indicates that changes in salt intrusion length over the historic period are seasonally dependent and estuary-specific, with coherent downstream trends during summer in several northern estuaries and a tendency towards upstream shifts during winter that is most pronounced in the Tweed River. These results highlight the non-stationary nature of estuarine salinity regimes over multi-decadal time scales and the importance of considering seasonal and percentile-specific behaviour when assessing long-term changes in saline intrusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:10.0pt;margin-left:0cm;font-size:12px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;color:#0E2841;font-style:italic;'\u003eTable 1. Trends in salt intrusion length (ppt/year) and river discharge volumes (m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e/s/year) across the estuaries from 1900 to 2019 (or from 1909-2005 for the Shoalhaven River). Statistically significant trends are shown in bold for p-values \u0026lt; 0.1, and with an asterisk for p-values \u0026lt; 0.05. Red shading denotes increasing trends, while blue shading denotes decreasing trends. Distance correlations between mean river discharge and mean salt intrusion length are also reported, with values closer to 1 indicating stronger correlation.\u003cspan style=\"color:red;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ctable style=\"border: none;width:102.14%;border-collapse:collapse;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 24.08%;border: 1pt solid windowtext;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 29.45pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" colspan=\"4\" style=\"width:28.54%;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:29.45pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSalt intrusion length\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e(1 ppt isohaline, m/year)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" colspan=\"4\" style=\"width:32.84%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:29.45pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003eRiver discharge trends\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e(m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e/s/year)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: 1pt 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid solid none none;border-color: windowtext windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 29.45pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003eCorrelation between discharge and salt intrusion\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:7.06%;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003eMean\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:7.06%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e5\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:7.24%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e50\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:7.2%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e95\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:8.2%;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003eMean\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:8.2%;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e5\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:8.2%;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e50\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width:8.2%;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 2.85pt 0cm 2.85pt;height:15.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e95\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";'\u003e%ile\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 4.02%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt;border-style: none solid solid;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;writing-mode: sideways-lr;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:5.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.65pt;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:black;'\u003eTweed River\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 192, 195);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*19.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 161, 164);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e31.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 190, 193);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e20.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 245, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-1.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.014\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(249, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(247, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(231, 237, 247);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.101\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: 1pt 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid solid none none;border-color: windowtext windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.83\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 234, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e2.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(252, 244, 247);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-1.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(252, 240, 242);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 209, 212);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e12.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(247, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.011\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.004\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(247, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.011\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(215, 226, 242);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.192\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.80\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 159, 161);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*32.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(249, 135, 138);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e41.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(250, 164, 166);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e30.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 196, 198);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e18.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.016\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(247, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.017\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(241, 244, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.042\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.83\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 157, 159);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*33.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(249, 107, 109);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*52.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(249, 141, 143);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*39.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 223, 226);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e7.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(243, 245, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.035\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-0.006\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-0.018\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(224, 232, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-0.137\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.90\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 221, 223);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e8.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 242, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 207, 209);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e13.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 230, 233);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e4.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.005\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.046\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.88\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 4.02%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt;border-style: none solid solid;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;writing-mode: sideways-lr;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:5.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.65pt;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:black;'\u003eRichmond River\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(208, 221, 239);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-30.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(221, 230, 244);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-23.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(233, 239, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-15.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(107, 150, 204);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-93.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.084\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.016\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 242, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.240\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.77\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(110, 152, 205);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-91.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(135, 170, 214);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-75.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(90, 138, 198);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-103.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(92, 140, 199);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-102.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 240, 243);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.277\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.018\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.079\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 184, 187);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e1.455\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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238, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-16.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(205, 219, 238);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-33.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.038\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.006\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(249, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 228, 230);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.540\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.70\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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179, 182);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e24.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 147, 149);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e37.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(234, 239, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.082\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.017\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(241, 244, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.043\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(196, 213, 235);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.295\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.79\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(215, 226, 242);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-26.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(193, 210, 234);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-40.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(221, 230, 244);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-23.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(228, 235, 246);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-19.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 250, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.063\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 231, 234);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.461\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.65\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(229, 235, 246);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-18.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(229, 235, 246);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-18.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(236, 241, 249);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-13.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(224, 232, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-21.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 241, 244);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.258\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.031\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 220, 223);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.691\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.86\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(112, 153, 205);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-90.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(147, 178, 218);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-68.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(97, 143, 200);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-99.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(124, 162, 210);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-82.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(251, 211, 214);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.891\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.088\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 238, 241);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.314\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 105, 107);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e3.116\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.73\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(226, 233, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-20.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(232, 238, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-16.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(213, 225, 241);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-27.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(204, 218, 238);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-33.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 238, 241);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.314\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.045\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.088\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 175, 177);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e1.659\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.75\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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105, 107);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e53.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(249, 120, 123);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e47.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(202, 217, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.263\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(240, 243, 250);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.052\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(224, 232, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.140\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(92, 140, 199);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.880\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.79\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(245, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-8.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(235, 240, 249);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-14.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(241, 244, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-11.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(251, 186, 188);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e21.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 248, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.102\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(247, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.011\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.039\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 234, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.411\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.71\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 4.02%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt;border-style: none solid solid;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;writing-mode: sideways-lr;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:5.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.65pt;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:black;'\u003eMacleay River\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 235, 238);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e2.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 236, 239);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e2.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 228, 231);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e5.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-6.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.045\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.004\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(249, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.002\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.82\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(201, 216, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-35.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(182, 203, 230);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-46.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(212, 224, 241);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n 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bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.321\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.023\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 250, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.070\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 176, 178);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e1.638\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.67\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 231, 234);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e4.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(252, 245, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-1.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-8.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 248, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.108\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.020\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 216, 219);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.783\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.68\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 147, 150);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e37.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(250, 152, 154);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e35.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(249, 135, 137);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e41.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(249, 141, 143);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e39.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(207, 220, 239);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.235\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(245, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.023\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(236, 241, 249);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.071\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(94, 141, 199);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.870\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.72\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 232, 235);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e3.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 239, 242);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 227, 230);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e5.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 225, 228);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e6.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(247, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(245, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.021\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.041\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.72\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 4.02%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt;border-style: none solid solid;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;writing-mode: sideways-lr;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:5.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.65pt;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:black;'\u003eHastings River\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-6.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-5.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(246, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-7.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-4.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.018\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(249, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 248, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.109\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.90\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(206, 219, 238);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-32.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(181, 202, 230);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-47.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(207, 220, 239);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-31.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(224, 232, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-21.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 242, 245);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.226\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.026\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.087\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 214, 217);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.827\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.81\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-5.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(242, 245, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-10.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-3.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(232, 238, 248);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-16.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.017\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.018\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.046\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.84\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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213, 215);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e11.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 220, 223);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e8.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(219, 229, 243);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-0.167\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 247, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.017\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(240, 244, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.047\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(90, 138, 198);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e*-0.896\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.86\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 241, 244);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 241, 244);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 247, 250);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-2.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 237, 240);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e1.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(249, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.000\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(248, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.044\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.85\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 4.02%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt;border-style: none solid solid;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;writing-mode: sideways-lr;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:5.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.65pt;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:center;'\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:black;'\u003eShoalhaven River\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAnnual\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(240, 244, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-11.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 218, 221);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e9.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(220, 229, 243);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-23.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(227, 234, 246);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-19.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.045\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 250, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.031\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 248, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.112\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.80\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSummer\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(206, 220, 239);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-32.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(242, 245, 251);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-10.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(185, 205, 231);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-45.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(232, 237, 247);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-16.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.055\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(250, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(251, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.014\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(240, 243, 250);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n 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currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eAutumn\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 234, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e2.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(251, 206, 209);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e13.8\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(252, 228, 231);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e5.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-4.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.026\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(251, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.012\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 252, 255);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.021\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(194, 211, 234);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.308\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.73\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eWinter\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(250, 178, 180);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e25.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;background: rgb(250, 146, 149);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e37.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;background: rgb(251, 187, 190);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e21.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 205, 208);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e14.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.049\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(249, 249, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;background: rgb(246, 248, 253);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-0.016\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 250, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.078\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt medium medium;border-style: none solid none none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: initial;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 14.4pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.82\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 20.06%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;font-family: \"Times New Roman\";'\u003eSpring\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(193, 210, 234);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-40.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.06%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(169, 193, 225);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-55.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.24%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(201, 216, 237);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-35.6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 7.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(212, 224, 241);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e-28.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.050\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(251, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.012\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium medium 1pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor windowtext;border-image: initial;background: rgb(252, 251, 254);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.050\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" style=\"width: 8.2%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;background: rgb(252, 249, 252);padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.088\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.54%;border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium;border-style: none solid solid none;border-color: currentcolor windowtext windowtext currentcolor;padding: 0cm 2.85pt;height: 15pt;vertical-align: bottom;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;line-height:normal;font-size:16px;font-family:\"Aptos\",sans-serif;text-align:right;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;color:black;\"\u003e0.79\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Impact of sea level rise\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe modelled impacts of 0.55 m of sea level rise on the 50th percentile salinity for each estuary are displayed in Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, with corresponding results for 0.2 m of sea level rise provided in Figure S2. In addition to changes in 50th percentile salinity across the full 120 year period of the model run (or 96 years for Shoalhaven River) (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ea), the impacts on 50th percentile salinities for the driest 5% of years (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb) and the wettest 5% of years (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec) during the historical period were also examined.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcross all estuaries, a sea level rise of 0.55 m leads to an increase in 50th percentile salinity, although the magnitude and spatial distribution of this response vary substantially between systems and along the estuary length (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). Changes are not expressed as a uniform upstream shift but instead display distinct longitudinal patterns that differ among estuaries. Comparison between the full historic period and subsets of dry and wet years further indicates that the salinity response to sea level rise is strongly modulated by hydrological conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDuring the driest years (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb), sea level rise driven increases in 50th percentile salinity extend further upstream, with elevated salinities affecting a larger proportion of the estuary length. This indicates that sea level rise preferentially amplifies saline influence in upstream reaches during low-flow conditions. In contrast, during the wettest years (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec), increases in salinity are concentrated closer to the estuary entrance, with the largest changes occurring in the lower estuary and diminishing rapidly upstream. These contrasting patterns demonstrate that the longitudinal extent of salinity change under sea level rise depends strongly on the prevailing hydrological state.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDifferences in the spatial response between dry and wet years reflect variations in the balance between upstream freshwater influence and marine exchange at the estuary entrance that governs the distribution of salinity within each system. Model results indicate that increased sea level enhances the marine contribution to estuarine salinity across all flow conditions, while the upstream extent of this influence varies with river discharge. Under lower-flow conditions, salinity changes propagate further upstream, whereas under higher-flow conditions the response remains confined to the lower estuary.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAs expected, a sea level rise of 0.2 m produces smaller increases in 50th percentile salinity than the 0.55 m scenario. However, despite the difference in magnitude, the spatial patterns of salinity response are highly consistent between the two scenarios across all estuaries (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e and Figure S2).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1. Historic variability and trends in estuarine salinity\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of long-duration modelled datasets for six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast demonstrates pronounced spatial and temporal variability in estuarine salinity over the historic period (1900\u0026ndash;2019, or 1909\u0026ndash;2005 for the Shoalhaven). While there is a clear seasonal variability in both salinity levels and salt intrusion length, the large interannual variability observed across all systems, shown by the 5th to 95th salinity range in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, is the dominant contributor to the wide range of salinity conditions experienced along estuary lengths (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). This highlights that long-term salinity regimes are shaped not only by regular seasonal behaviour but also by the influence of infrequent extreme years.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe strong correlation between river discharge and salt intrusion length (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) indicates a high sensitivity of estuarine salinity structure to upstream flow variability. Over the 120-year period analysed, statistically significant trends in salt intrusion length were identified in several north coast estuaries, with contrasting behaviour between seasons. Decreasing trends in summer intrusion length observed in the Richmond, Clarence and Hastings estuaries indicate a progressive contraction of typical summer saline influence, whereas increasing trends in winter intrusion length in the Tweed suggest an expansion of saline influence during cooler months. These opposing seasonal tendencies illustrate the non-stationary and seasonally asymmetric nature of long-term salinity regimes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough these trends are modest in magnitude, their coherence across multiple systems and seasons indicates that long-term shifts in salinity structure may have already occurred over the historic period. Similar spatial patterns in longitudinal salinity behaviour are evident across all estuaries, suggesting that some features of salinity structure may be characteristic of temperate, barrier estuary systems. At the same time, distinct differences between estuaries (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e) highlight the importance of system-specific geometry/geomorphology, hydrology and boundary conditions in shaping local salinity regimes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding the extent to which these differences arise from estuary morphology, catchment characteristics or boundary controls remains challenging. While idealised studies have explored the influence of individual estuarine features on salt intrusion behaviour (e.g., Veerapaga et al., 2020; Biemond et al., 2022; Wei et al., 2022; Hendrickx et al., 2023; Biemond et al., 2024), applications to real estuaries across broad spatial and temporal scales remain limited. Multi-estuary, long-duration model outputs such as those analysed here therefore provide a valuable opportunity for comparative analyses that may support the development of generalised salinity regime typologies. Such frameworks could facilitate the high-level identification of estuaries most vulnerable to adverse salinity exposure and inform prioritisation for monitoring, modelling and management interventions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2. Anticipated changes under future climate forcing\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstuaries are particularly sensitive to climate change due to their exposure to both marine and terrestrial drivers and their frequent modification by human activities. Among these drivers, sea level rise and changes in river discharge are expected to exert a primary influence on future salinity regimes. Global mean sea level is already rising at an accelerating rate and is virtually certain to continue increasing throughout the twenty-first century under all emission scenarios (IPCC, 2023). Sea level rise scenarios considered here represent plausible near- and mid-term planning horizons for estuarine systems along the NSW coast (see section 2.2.2).The model results indicate that sea level rise leads to systematic increases in salinity across all estuaries, although the magnitude and longitudinal distribution of this response vary substantially between systems and hydrological states (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e and Figure S2). Dependent on the river and location within the estuary, a sea level rise of 0.55 m causes an increase of ~\u0026thinsp;1 to 3.5 ppt in 50th percentile salinities (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). Importantly, these changes are small relative to the full range of historic salinity variability, which in some locations exceeds 30 ppt between wet and dry extremes (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the near term (to approximately mid-century), these results highlight that, while sea level rise will start to have an impact on estuarine salinity, interannual variability associated with rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the dominant influence on the occurrence of extreme salinity conditions. However, sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity levels and to modify the spatial extent of saline influence, thereby potentially compounding the impacts of hydrological variability. In particular, the amplification of upstream salinity during dry years indicates an increased susceptibility to adverse intrusion events under future sea levels.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeyond mid-century, continued sea level rise under all scenarios implies that marine influence will progressively increase throughout estuarine systems. At the same time, regional climate projections for southeast Australia indicate that rainfall variability is likely to remain high, with substantial uncertainty regarding future mean conditions and seasonal changes (Di Virgilio et al., 2025; Ji et al., 2026). These projections suggest that future salinity regimes will be characterised not only by higher average salinities but also by persistent and potentially enhanced variability. Under such conditions, changes in the frequency, duration and sequencing of dry periods may become as important as changes in mean flow in shaping future salinity behaviour.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCollectively, these results indicate that future estuarine salinity regimes are likely to evolve through the combined influence of rising sea levels and continued hydrological variability, with uncertainty in both the magnitude and timing of change, reinforcing the need for management approaches that consider both long-term shifts and short-term extremes when assessing future salinity risk.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3. Management implications\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe long-duration salinity datasets explored in this study provide a framework for examining how both natural variability and long-term change influence exposure of estuarine ecosystems and water users to adverse salinity conditions. Many estuarine species exhibit narrow salinity tolerances, and human uses such as drinking water supply and irrigation frequently depend on tidally influenced freshwater near the upstream limit of estuaries. Characterising the frequency, duration and extent of threshold exceedance therefore provides a practical basis for anticipatory management and early-warning approaches.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe threshold-based analysis presented in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e illustrates how long-term salinity datasets can be combined with tolerance limits to assess exposure under wet and dry years, as well as under future sea level scenarios. This example considers two river estuaries, the Richmond and Shoalhaven, and three estuarine water uses/species with different salinity tolerance thresholds; town drinking water extractions (salinity threshold of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.5 ppt, NHMRC, NRMMC, 2011), sugarcane crop irrigation (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1 ppt, ANZECC and ARMCANZ, 2000), and habitat for adult native Australian Bass (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;5ppt, Cox and Peirson, 2003; Miller et al., 2005). This approach is likely transferrable to other river estuaries, water users and/or estuarine species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile the Richmond and Shoalhaven River estuaries have similar catchment sizes, the Shoalhaven estuary is around half the length of the Richmond. Comparison between the plots for the Richmond and the Shoalhaven Rivers demonstrates how shorter length estuaries may become more susceptible to estuarine squeeze during periods of increased saltwater intrusion or under future sea level rise (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e). Species or water users with lower salinity tolerance thresholds are particularly at risk, where options to migrate, or move extractions, further upstream may be limited. At the upstream limit of the Shoalhaven estuary, lower salinity thresholds of 0.5 ppt are already modelled to exceed\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;70 days during the driest years (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e), suggesting there are already considerable periods of time where drinking water extractions cannot be made from the Shoalhaven tidal pool during dry years (without employing desalinisation).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSea level rise further increases the frequency and duration of threshold exceedance during dry years, with increases of up to approximately 40 days per year identified at some locations under the 0.55 m scenario (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e). Such changes have direct implications for drinking water security, irrigation reliability and habitat availability for freshwater-dependent species. Importantly, these impacts are not uniform across estuaries and are strongly modulated by geometry, tidal limits and hydrological variability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOver time, upstream migration of tidal limits under sea level rise may further alter salinity exposure, particularly in systems constrained by natural or engineered barriers. Shorter estuaries displaying high variability near the tidal limit (e.g., Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e) may be especially susceptible to estuarine squeeze, with limited scope for upstream displacement of sensitive uses or habitats. These results highlight the importance of incorporating both present-day variability and future boundary migration into estuarine planning and adaptation strategies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.4. Key recommendations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study demonstrates that estuarine salinity regimes are characterised by strong variability and sensitivity to extremes which drive adverse salinity impacts. With future climate drivers likely to become more non-stationary and compounding (Ridder et al., 2022; IPCC, 2023), improved representation of these processes is recommended. Future research should prioritise investigation of the combined influence of sea level rise and projected changes in rainfall variability, including changes in the frequency, duration, and sequencing of dry periods, rather than changes in mean conditions alone. This includes examining compound scenarios where prolonged low-flow conditions coincide with elevated sea levels, to better characterise future salt intrusion risk beyond static sea level rise offsets.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe framework presented here is transferable to other estuaries both within Australia and globally. However, this requires the availability of multi-estuary, long-duration datasets, which remain scarce. Furthermore, whilst a rare and valuable resource, the modelled datasets used in this study still had certain limitations linked to a lack of observational data and limits in vertical resolution. Targeted investment in long-term salinity monitoring, including vertical profiling at key estuarine locations, would improve understanding of saline transport processes and support calibration of higher-dimensional models where warranted. There is also potential for future modelling studies to explore nested or hybrid approaches, combining long-duration simplified models with shorter-term, higher-resolution simulations during periods of elevated risk.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinking research on estuarine salinity variability and how this may change in future to estuarine management and adaptation strategies is crucial. Future research should explicitly evaluate the effectiveness of estuarine management and strategies aimed at modifying salinity exposure, including changes to water extraction rules, land-use planning in tidally influenced zones, and the operation or modification of in-stream structures (e.g., weirs and barrages). Applying salinity threshold-based metrics, such as days per year exceeding user- or species-specific tolerances, provides a practical framework for integrating science into decision-making and adaptation pathways.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study demonstrates that estuarine salinity regimes across six major southeast Australian estuaries are characterised by pronounced spatial and temporal variability. Although seasonal cycles in salinity and salt intrusion are evident, interannual variability dominates the overall range of salinity conditions experienced along estuary lengths. Strong associations between salt intrusion length and river discharge, together with seasonally asymmetric long-term trends detected over the historic 120-year period, indicate that estuarine salinity regimes are non-stationary and evolve over multi-decadal timescales in response to river discharge in ways that are not captured by short-term observations or single-estuary studies. Winter salt intrusion lengths have shifted landward in response to decreased river discharge over the last 120 years, while summer salt intrusion lengths have been modelled to shift seaward. While coherent longitudinal patterns are apparent across systems, substantial differences between estuaries highlight the influence of system-specific characteristics such as estuary morphology, catchment attributes and boundary conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModelled sea level rise scenarios elevate salinity across all estuaries, but the magnitude and longitudinal extent of change vary considerably between systems and hydrological conditions. Rather than producing a uniform upstream shift, sea level rise alters salinity regimes in a spatially heterogeneous and regime-dependent manner, with distinct responses during dry and wet periods.\u0026nbsp;While salinity increase due to sea level rise propagates further upstream under drier conditions, the increase in salinity remains constrained closer to the estuary entrance during wet conditions. These responses reflect a compound and nonlinear interaction between sea level rise and river discharge, whereby elevated mean sea levels amplify salt intrusion particularly during low-flow periods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaken together, the results clarify the relative roles of river discharge variability and sea level rise in shaping estuarine salinity under a changing climate. Up to 2050, interannual variability in rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the dominant influence on extreme salinity conditions, while sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity and compound saltwater intrusion during low-flow periods. Beyond 2050, continued sea level rise combined with uncertain future rainfall regimes implies higher average salinities alongside persistent, and potentially enhanced variability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, this study demonstrates the value of long-duration, multi-estuary salinity datasets for supporting threshold-based assessments for estuarine ecosystems and water users. The example framework highlights how shorter estuaries may be particularly vulnerable to estuarine squeeze under rising sea levels where opportunities for upstream adjustment are limited, increasing exposure to elevated salinity conditions. More broadly, the approach is transferable to other estuarine systems and provides a basis for anticipatory estuarine management that integrates present-day variability, long-term non-stationarity and future boundary migration.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCRediT author statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJessica Amies:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eConceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing - Original Draft, Writing- Reviewing and Editing.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Alice Harrison, Margot Mason, Daniel Gilbert, Brett Miller:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eMethodology, Software, Writing- Reviewing and Editing.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Jiyong Lee\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eBouke Biemond\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eKerrylee Rodgers:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eWriting- Reviewing and Editing.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Alexandra Jones:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eVisualization. \u003cstrong\u003eDanial Khojasteh:\u003c/strong\u003e Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Supervision.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research was funded under the NSW Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. The river estuary modelling to produce the salinity datasets (NSW DCCEEW, 2025) was funded by the NSW Regional Water Strategy, and authors would particularly like to acknowledge Mark Simons, Richard Beecham, Dushmanta Dutta and James Piggott for their ongoing support for the project and for productive discussions throughout. The authors would also like to thank David Ralston, Shivanesh Rao and Tracey MacDonald for their reviews and insightful comments which helped improve this manuscript. Figure 1 was created by Anna Blacka.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eANZECC and ARMCANZ (2000). Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. Australian and New Zealand Governments and Australian state and territory governments, Canberra ACT, Australia. Available at www.waterquality.gov.au/anz-guidelines\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBarbier, E. B., Hacker, S. D., Kennedy, C., Koch, E. W., Stier, A. C., \u0026amp; Silliman, B. R. (2011). The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. \u003cem\u003eEcological Monographs\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e81\u003c/em\u003e(2), 169\u0026ndash;193. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1510.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBiemond, B., de Swart, H. E., \u0026amp; Dijkstra, H. A. (2024). Quantification of Salt Transports Due To Exchange Flow and Tidal Flow in Estuaries. \u003cem\u003eJournal of Geophysical Research: Oceans\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e129\u003c/em\u003e(11). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021294\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBiemond, B., de Swart, H. E., Dijkstra, H. A., \u0026amp; D\u0026iacute;ez-Minguito, M. (2022). Estuarine Salinity Response to Freshwater Pulses. \u003cem\u003eJournal of Geophysical Research: Oceans\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e127\u003c/em\u003e(11), 1\u0026ndash;18. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018669\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBiguino, B., Haigh, I. D., Dias, J. M., \u0026amp; Brito, A. C. (2023). Climate change in estuarine systems: Patterns and gaps using a meta-analysis approach. \u003cem\u003eScience of the Total Environment\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e858\u003c/em\u003e(July 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159742\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCosta, Y., Martins, I., de Carvalho, G. C., \u0026amp; Barros, F. (2023). Trends of sea-level rise effects on estuaries and estimates of future saline intrusion. \u003cem\u003eOcean and Coastal Management\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e236\u003c/em\u003e(March 2022), 106490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106490\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCook, S. E., Warner, J. C., \u0026amp; Russell, K. L. (2023). A numerical investigation of the mechanisms controlling salt intrusion in the Delaware Bay estuary. \u003cem\u003eEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e283\u003c/em\u003e, 108257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108257\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCox, D. R. and Peirson, W. L. (2003) Hawkesbury Nepean Estuary saline dynamics long term model simulations, WRL Technical Report 2003/10, Water Research Laboratory, UNSW Sydney.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDessu, S. B., Price, R. M., Troxler, T. G., \u0026amp; Kominoski, J. S. (2018). Effects of sea-level rise and freshwater management on long-term water levels and water quality in the Florida Coastal Everglades. \u003cem\u003eJournal of Environmental Management\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e211\u003c/em\u003e, 164\u0026ndash;176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDi Virgilio, G., Evans, J. P., Ji, F., Tam, E., Kala, J., Andrys, J., Thomas, C., Choudhury, D., Rocha, C., White, S., Li, Y., El Rafei, M., Goyal, R., Riley, M. L., \u0026amp; Lingala, J. (2025). Design, evaluation, and future projections of the NARCliM2.0 CORDEX-CMIP6 Australasia regional climate ensemble. Geoscientific Model Development, 18(3), 671\u0026ndash;702. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-671-2025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEvans, A., Jones, D. A., Smalley, R., \u0026amp; Lellyett, S. (2020). An enhanced gridded rainfall analysis scheme for Australia. Bureau of Meteorology Research Report.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFox-Kemper, B., H. T. Hewitt, C. Xiao, G. A\u0026eth;algeirsd\u0026oacute;ttir, S. S. Drijfhout, T. L. Edwards, N. R. Golledge, M. Hemer, R. E. Kopp, G. Krinner, A. Mix, D. Notz, S. Nowicki, I. S. Nurhati, L. Ruiz, J-B. Sall\u0026eacute;e, A. B. A. Slangen, Y. Yu, 2021, Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. P\u0026eacute;an, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelek\u0026ccedil;i, R. Yu and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. In press.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGilbert, D. M., Harrison, A. J., Mason, M. T., and Miller, B. M. (2025a) Assessment of the impacts of sea level rise on saline dynamics in the Tweed River estuary, WRL Technical Report 2025/11, Water Research Laboratory, UNSW Sydney. https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/saltwater-intrusion-vulnerability-assessment-tweed-river-estuary/resource/29152dbf-e5c6-4da8-8a61-5ed2b761d617\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGilbert, D. M., Mason, M. T., Harrison, A. J. and Miller, B. M. (2025b) Assessment of the impacts of sea level rise on saline dynamics in the Manning River estuary, WRL Technical Report 2025/15, Water Research Laboratory, UNSW Sydney. https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/saltwater-intrusion-vulnerability-assessment-manning-river-estuary/resource/7eb6e5a3-e59e-4c0d-84db-fc8c926c46da\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHarrison, A. J., Gilbert, D. M., Mason, M. T. and Miller B. M. (2025a) Assessment of the impacts of sea level rise on saline dynamics in the Clarence River estuary, WRL Technical Report 2025/12, Water Research Laboratory, UNSW Sydney. https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/saltwater-intrusion-vulnerability-assessment-clarence-river-estuary/resource/5ba55d7a-e4dd-42fa-8ec2-bd8a19bb024d\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHarrison, A. J., Gilbert, D. M., Mason, M. T. and Miller B. M. (2025b) Assessment of the impacts of climate change on saline dynamics in the Richmond River estuary, WRL Technical Report 2024/35, Water Research Laboratory, UNSW Sydney. https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/saltwater-intrusion-vulnerability-assessment-richmond-river-estuary/resource/9c6541be-912c-48ff-ae68-862dbe8ffc38\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHarrison, A. J., Gilbert, D. M., Mason, M. T. and Miller B. M. 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Observations of Estuarine Salt Intrusion Dynamics During a Prolonged Drought Event in the Rhine-Meuse Delta. \u003cem\u003eJournal Of Geophysical Research: Oceans\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e129\u003c/em\u003e, e2024JC021655. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021655\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYang, Z., Wang, T., Voisin, N., \u0026amp; Copping, A. (2015). Estuarine response to river flow and sea-level rise under future climate change and human development. \u003cem\u003eEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e156\u003c/em\u003e, 19\u0026ndash;30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.08.015\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"estuaries-and-coasts","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"esco","sideBox":"Learn more about [Estuaries and Coasts](https://www.springer.com/journal/12237)","snPcode":"12237","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/esco/","title":"Estuaries and Coasts","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eEstuarine salinity plays a central role in shaping ecosystem function and human water use, yet its long-term variability and response to climate forcing remain understudied. Here we analyse century-scale hydrodynamic model simulations of salinity for six major estuaries along the southeast Australian coast to characterise spatial structure, temporal variability and sensitivity to sea level rise. Across all systems, salinity exhibits pronounced longitudinal gradients and strong seasonal cycles, but interannual variability dominates the overall range of conditions experienced along estuary lengths. Salt intrusion length is closely linked to river discharge, with long-term trends revealing shifting salinity regimes. Over the past 120 years, winter intrusion has moved landward as river flows declined, while summer intrusion has shifted seaward. Sea level rise increases estuarine salinity, with impacts varying by location and intensifying upstream under drier conditions. In near-term, interannual variability in rainfall and river discharge is likely to remain the primary influence on extreme salinity conditions, while sea level rise acts to elevate background salinity and compound intrusion during low-flow periods. Beyond 2050, continued sea level rise combined with uncertain rainfall regimes implies higher average salinities alongside persistent variability. Together, these results demonstrate the value of long-duration, multi-estuary analyses for understanding evolving estuarine salinity regimes and for supporting threshold-based assessments that can inform estuarine management and adaptation in the face of a changing climate.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Shifting estuarine salinity under a changing climate: Insights from southeast Australia","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-29 18:43:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9340154/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2026-05-15T02:09:02+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-21T14:43:15+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"Estuaries and Coasts","date":"2026-04-07T17:16:25+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-07T08:24:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Estuaries and Coasts","date":"2026-04-07T02:02:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"estuaries-and-coasts","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"esco","sideBox":"Learn more about [Estuaries and Coasts](https://www.springer.com/journal/12237)","snPcode":"12237","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/esco/","title":"Estuaries and Coasts","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c8bac7c6-f7e0-4bbb-9224-7847104575eb","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 29th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2026-05-15T02:09:02+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-29T18:43:44+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-29 18:43:44","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9340154","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9340154","identity":"rs-9340154","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}