Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profiling of Tridax procumbens using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS: Analyzing Effect of Solvents on Phytochemical Extraction

Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profiling of Tridax procumbens using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS: Analyzing Effect of Solvents on Phytochemical Extraction | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profiling of Tridax procumbens using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS: Analyzing Effect of Solvents on Phytochemical Extraction Sagar Keshur, Biplob Sen This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The continuous integration of herbal medicine into modern healthcare practices is a result of the profound evolutionary similarities found in the biochemical composition of plants and mammals. Tridax procumbens L. is a highly resilient species that has established a deep foothold in traditional medicine for the treatment of physical injuries and physiological disorders. This plant has ethnologically been serving as an excellent example of the therapeutic potential phytochemicals derived from such type of plants. Despite the extensive traditional medicinal use of this plant, a fundamental obstacle to its development as a standardized herbal remedy has arisen due to the fragmented nature of its phytochemical profiling, a consequence of relying on conventional and limited analytical techniques. To bridge this existing knowledge gap and validate its historical human utility, this study systematically elucidated the secondary metabolites of Tridax procumbens . Utilizing a continuous and eco-friendlier Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) technique with a solvent gradient of methanol, acetone, and dichloromethane (DCM), the plant's complex phytochemical matrix was efficiently isolated. Preliminary colorimetric analysis revealed an exceptionally dense concentration of therapeutic metabolites, with a Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of 550 mg QE/g, a Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of 150 mg GAE/g, and a Total Alkaloid Content (TAC) of 400 mg CE/g. Subsequent high-resolution UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis unveiled an unprecedented metabolomics profile, identifying 113 unique compounds; a defining characteristic of these compounds was the remarkable prominence of complex alkaloids, accompanied by a wide variety of flavonoids and phenolic acids. This definitive molecular characterization not only confirms the reliance of our ancestors on Tridax procumbens , but also provides a robust empirical foundation for its future clinical standardization as a sustainable resource for future generations of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant medicines. Tridax procumbens UPLC-QTOF-MS Phytochemical Profiling Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction Ethnopharmacology Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1. Introduction The continued reliance on botanical resources for therapeutic intervention is not merely a matter of historical tradition, but rather a direct consequence of the profound evolutionary biochemical homology between plant and mammalian systems 1 – 5 . Plant secondary metabolites which continuously evolve in response to environmental challenges such as herbivory, pathogen invasion, and abiotic stress, constitute a highly evolved reservoir of bioactive structures 2 , 4 , 6 . Nevertheless, despite current advancements in high-throughput combinatorial chemistry, these plant compounds continue to offer unparalleled structural diversity and stereochemical complexity. Translating the insights of ethnobotany into systematic pharmacotherapy remains a major challenge in modern drug discovery, driven by our need for biocompatible and globally accessible treatments 7 – 9 . One species that has demonstrated exceptional ecological resilience and therapeutic adaptability is Tridax procumbens L. (a member of Asteraceae) 10 – 12 . Originally a Neotropical species, T. procumbens is a prostrate perennial herb that has successfully established itself across a wide range of tropical and subtropical regions. Its physical robustness is ensured by a strong taproot system, highly branched and pubescent stems, and densely hairy, ovate-lanceolate leaves which points toward a highly active secondary metabolism. This metabolism possesses the capacity to sustain the species even under the most adverse environmental conditions. This high level of metabolic activity is directly reflected in its rich medicinal profile, which has rendered this species a mainstay in traditional medicine 12 – 15 . Over the centuries, T. procumbens has become an integral component of traditional medicine within most indigenous healing systems. In the Ayurvedic and tribal medicinal traditions of South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the empirically observed hemostatic and cicatrizing effects of T. procumbens have established it as a primary remedy for physical injuries 12 , 16 – 18 . The traditional practice of topically applying ground aerial biomass to treat severe mechanical injuries highlights the ancient understanding regarding the biological activity of Tridax procumbens . The utilization of aqueous extracts of Tridax procumbens by local practitioners to treat complex physiological ailments, such as parasitic enteritis, hepatobiliary congestion, and essential hypertension, provides a solid foundation for comprehending the biological activity of this plant 10 , 13 , 19 , 20 . Recent pharmacological evaluations of T. procumbens shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying its biological activity, thereby validating the traditional medicinal claims associated with the plant 11 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 21 . The bactericidal activity of T. procumbens against clinically significant pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , is believed to be driven by processes involving the disruption of cell membrane integrity and the intercalation of compounds within nucleic acids 19 , 22 – 24 . Furthermore, the potent antioxidant activity of Tridax procumbens underscores its impressive capacity to scavenge free radicals, such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant activity of T. procumbens is mechanistically linked to its anti-inflammatory activity; it is hypothesized that the plant's ability to scavenge ROS serves to attenuate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and specific interleukins 11 , 17 , 25 , 26 . The therapeutic versatility of T. procumbens is primarily driven by its heterogeneous phytochemical composition. Although preliminary investigations have identified a matrix of tannins, saponins, and essential oils, the polyphenolic component has garnered the most interest from a clinical perspective 10 , 11 , 14 . Phytochemicals featuring the classical C6-C3-C6 carbon backbone which includes flavonols such as quercetin and kaempferol, and flavones such as luteolin and apigenin, occur as complex O-glycosides and exhibit potent electron-donating activities that terminate free-radical chain reactions; these compounds interact synergistically with minor alkaloids, which promote local analgesic and antispasmodic effects, as well as microvascular deposition during tissue repair 27 – 29 . Despite the substantial volume of fundamental research conducted over the past few decades, a high-resolution, comprehensive phytochemical profile of T. procumbens remains a significant gap in the available literature on natural products 10 , 14 , 30 . Traditional colorimetric tests, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and conventional diode-array HPLC have consistently yielded only fragmented and at times inconsistent phytochemical profiles in the past 31 – 34 . Although GC-MS has provided a satisfactory characterization of the volatile fraction of Tridax procumbens , it is inherently unsuitable for analyzing the high-molecular-weight, thermolabile, and highly polar polyphenolic glycosides that constitute its bioactive aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts 35 – 38 . Consequently, the level of intra-species variability in the literature available on Tridax procumbens has risen significantly 11 , 14 , 21 . This is a situation further compounded by geographical, edaphic, and methodological variations 13 . This scenario has hindered the process of standardizing Tridax procumbens , transitioning it from a traditional herbal remedy into a strictly controlled phytopharmaceutical agent 11 , 13 , 17 , 19 . To bridge this significant knowledge gap, the present study employs liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics. Specifically, to systematically elucidate the secondary metabolites of Tridax procumbens , ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) via electrospray ionization (ESI) has been utilized 36 , 39 , 40 . By leveraging the predicted fragmentation patterns of collision-induced dissociation spectra, the complex matrix of flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids can be elucidated without the need for any reference compounds. The ultimate objective is to develop highly reliable chemical markers for the phytochemical profiling of Tridax procumbens ; thereby establishing an empirical foundation for its future clinical therapeutic applications, while simultaneously validating the long-standing historical human experience with this plant. 2. Materials and Methodology 2.1 Plant Parts Tridax procumbens whole plant (Fig. 1 ) was harvested from Alidar village, Kodinar of Gir Somnath district of Gujarat during winter of 2025. The collection site comprised unreserved grassland. Therefore, no specific permissions were required for sampling. Plant collection procedure complied with relevant institutional and national guidelines for the sustainable collection of wild plant species, ensuring adherence to ethical and environmental standards. The plant was verified by the department of Botany, Gujarat University. 2.2 Equipment Sonicator (Labman LMUC-6) Rotatory Evaporator (Heidolph GmbH) Magnetic Stirrer (REMI 2MLH) 2.3 Chemicals Methanol (Sigma Aldrich) Dichloro Methane (DCM) (Merck India) Acetone (Lab India) 2.4 Experimental Procedure 2.4.1 Preparation of Plant Extract Harvested T. procumbens whole plant was washed thoroughly and shade dried for 15 days to remove the moisture 41 – 43 . After that, the dried plant was crushed into powdered form. The powdered T. procumbens was homogenized using a sieve. The powder was mixed with three solvent variants at 1:10 ratio of powdered plant to solvent. Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method was used to extract the phytochemicals from the powdered plant. Table 1 gives the overview of the extraction methodology using sonicator. Table 1 Extraction Methodology using UAE Method Sample Used (g) Solvent Type Solvent Quantity (mL) Ratio Time (mins.) Temp. (℃) UAE 15g Methanol 150 mL 1:10 50 mins. 30 ℃ UAE 15g Dichloro Methane (DCM) 150 mL 1:10 50 mins. 30 ℃ UAE 15g Acetone 150 mL 1:10 50 mins. 30 ℃ After sonication the sample was kept in magnetic stirrer at 500 rpm for 24 hours. Then the sample was filtered using Whatman filter paper no. 41 and vacuum filtration. Rotatory vacuum evaporator (Heidolph GmbH) was used to remove the solvent and dry the sample. The dried sample was kept at 3 ℃ for further use. 2.4.2 Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) Analysis TFC was determined using previously reported colorimetric method. In brief, 0.25 mL sample was dissolved in 1.25 mL DW. NaNO 3 was added and kept in dark for 6 minutes. Then, 0.15 mL of 10% AlCl 3 was added and again incubated in dark for 5 minutes. After that, 0.5 mL NaOH and 0.275 mL DW was added in the mixture. Quercetin was used as standard and the absorbance was measured at 510 nm. TFC was calculated from the calibration curve as Quercetin equivalent as per gram of extract (mg QE/ g) 44–46 . 2.4.3 Total Phenolic Content (TPC) TPC was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method using Gallic Acid as standard. 1 mL of extract and 9 mL DW was taken and 1 mL Folin’s reagent was added. The mixture was shaken very well. After 5 minutes 10 mL of 7% Na 2 CO 3 was added to the mixture. Standard solution of Gallic Acid was prepared. Both the standard and sample was incubated in dark for 90 minutes at room temperature. The absorbance for standard against blank was measured at 550 nm. TPC was calculated from calibration curve and expressed as mg of Gallic Acid per g of extract (mg GAC/ g) 45–47 . 2.4.4 Total Alkaloid Content (TAC) Plant extract of 1 mL in DMSO and 1 mL 2N HCl was added and filtered. The solution was transferred to a separation funnel and 5 mL of bromocresol green and 5 mL phosphate buffer was added. The mixture was shaken well and 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL of Chloroform was added. The solution was collected in a 10 mL volumetric flask. The absorbance was measured at 470 nm. TAC was calculated as mg of Caffeine per g of extract (mg CE/ g) 46,47 . 2.4.5 LC-MS/MS UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of methanolic, acetonic and DCM extracts were performed using an Agilent 6545XT Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer coupled with an Agilent 1290 Infinity II UPLC system via a Dual AJS (ESI) electrospray ionization source (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The Agilent 1290 UPLC system was equipped with a quaternary pump (G7104A), an online vacuum degasser, an autosampler (G7129B), a column oven (G7130A), and a diode array detector (G7115A). Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 µm) maintained at 45°C. The mobile phase comprised 0.1% formic acid in water (sol vent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B). The flow rate was maintained at 0.3 mL/min, and the gradient elution program was as follows: 95% A/5% B at 0–1 min, 90% A/10% B at 2 min, 5% A/95% B at 8–12 min, 50% A/50% B at 15 min, 90% A/10% B at 16 min, and 95% A/5% B at 17–20 min, resulting in a total run time of 20 min. The sample injection volume was 5 µL, and injections were performed in needle wash mode with a 10 s wash at the flush port between runs. The QTOF mass spectrometer was operated in positive electrospray ionization (ESI +) mode under AutoMS2 acquisition. Positive ion mode was selected due to optimization for alkaloids; Negative mode will be included in future work. The mass range was set from m/z 100–1700 for MS and m/z 50–1700 for MS/MS. The MS scan rate was 2.0 spe ctra/sec, and the MS/MS scan rate was 4.0 spectra/sec. The isolation width for MS/ MS was narrow (~ 1.3 amu), and fixed collision energies of 20, 35, and 50 eV were applied. The resolving power of the analyzer exceeded 10,000 FWHM. Ionization source conditions were as follows: capillary voltage (VCap), 3500 V; nozzle voltage, 1000 V; fragmentor voltage, 120 V; skimmer voltage, 65 V; octopole RF peak voltage, 750 V. Nitrogen was used as the nebulizing, drying, and collision gas. The drying gas temperature was 320°C with a flow rate of 10 L/min, the sheath gas temperature was 350°C with a flow rate of 11 L/min, and the nebulizer pressure was maintained at 35 psi. The precursor ion threshold for AutoMS2 was set at 1000 counts, with three precursors per cycle and active exclusion after one spectrum (released after 0.5 min). The sample of methanolic extract was analyzed in triplicate. A blank solvent run was performed prior to the sample injections, and an additional blank run was conducted after the sample sequence to ensure the absence of carryover. The MassHunter Workstation software (v.10.0) and MassHunter Qualitative Analysis (v10.0) software (Agilent Technologies, USA) were used to extract molecular features (MFs) from all raw data files (.d) using a minimum threshold of 5000 counts in positive ionization mode. Tentative identifications were assigned as + H adducts, with positive mode features excluded. Total ion chromatograms were processed using the MF Extractor, which groups coeluting ions based on isotopes, adducts, peak shape, and retention time. Feature extraction relied on exact-mass matching with a 5-ppm mass-error cutoff. The METLIN libraries were utilized for compound identification based on accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation patterns. To elucidate the chemical structures of detected compounds, spectral data were cross-referenced with major online databases, including PubChem ( https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ), ChemSpider ( https://www.chemspider.com ), FoodDB ( https://foodb.ca ), MassBank ( https://www.massbank.jp ), and the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) ( https://hmdb.ca ). All compounds classified as non-plant-biosynthetic, including pharmaceuticals, herbicide-pesticide residues, industrial contaminants, and metabolites of microbial origin, were excluded from further interpretation based on biosynthetic plausibility. 3 Results & Discussion 3.1 TFC, TPC & TAC Estimation TFC, TPC and TAC of DCM extract of Tridax procumbens plant were estimated using Auto Colorimetric method. Quercetin, Galic Acid and Caffeine were used as standards for determination of Total Flavonoids (TFC) Total Phenols (TPC) and Total Alkaloids (TAC) respectively. Quantitative result of TFC, TPC and TAC are listed in Table 2 . Figure 3 demonstrates the graphical representation of the result obtained in Table 2 . Table 2 Estimation of TFC, TPC and TAC Sl. No. Particular Estimated Value 1 Total Flavonoids 550 mg QE/g 2 Total Phenols 150 mg GAE/g 3 Total Alkaloids 400 mg CE/g 3.2 Phytochemical Profiling In this study, the Methanolic, Acetonic and DCM extract of Tridax procumbens plant were subjected to phytochemical profiling using UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/ MS) operated in the positive ionization mode. The Total Compound Chromatogram and Total Ion Chromatogram illustrating the detected metabolites is presented in Fig. 4 . In the figure, Sample 1 represents oily Methanol extract, Sample 2 represents dried Methanol extract, Sample 3 represents dried Acetone extract and Sample 4 represents dried DCM extract. The results revealed a chemically diverse metabolic spectrum encompassing alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acids, peptides, glycosides, and other classes of secondary metabolites. The putatively annotated of 113 compounds at the MS/MS analysis (Table 3 ) underscores the plant’s complex biochemical network and its capacity to synthesise a broad array of pharmacologically active molecules. Metabolite annotations were assigned according to the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) guidelines. Table 3 Comprehensive LC-MS/MS Profiling No. Retention time m/z Molar Mass Formula Compound Name Class of Compound Sample no. 1 2.968 144.1383 143.23 C8H17NO (-)-Hygroline Alkaloids 3 2 9.521 699.3584 698.8 C35 H54 O14 (15a,20R)-Dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one 20-[glucosyl-(1->4)-6-acetyl-glucoside] Phenolics 2 3 14.28 431.3538 416.64 C28 H46 O3 (24R)-1α,25-dihydroxy-24-methylvitamin D3 /(24R)-1α,25-dihydroxy-24-methylcholecalciferol Phenolics 1 4 9.931 209.1544 208.3 C13 H20 O2 (3R,8E)-3-Hydroxy-5,8-megastigmadien-7-one Terpenoids, Phenolics 2 5 9.789 583.4162 582.9 C40 H54 O3 (3S,3'R,5R,6R)-7',8'-Didehydro-3,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta,beta-carotene-3',5-diol Terpenoids 2 6 13.275 463.3789 462.60 C29 H50 O4 (3beta,22R,23R,24S)-3,22,23-Trihydroxystigmastan-6-one Alkaloids 4 7 13.392 427.3591 426.7 C29 H46 O2 (6beta,22E)-6-Hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one Terpenoids, Phenolics 2 8 8.014 351.2148 328.4 C18 H32 O5 (9R,10S,12Z)-9,10-Dihydroxy-8-oxo-12-octadecenoic acid Alkaloids 3 9 8.776 291.1959 290.4 C18 H26 O3 (9Z,11E,13E,15Z)-4-Oxo-9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid Fatty_acids, Ketones 2 10 9.046 328.2855 310.5 C19 H34 O3 (R)-2-Hydroxysterculic acid Phenolics, Fatty_acids 2 11 8.841 228.1965 210.31 C13 H22 O2 (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,7-octadienyl propionate Esters 2 12 9.609 335.2223 334.4 C20 H30 O4 (ent-16betaOH)-16,17-Dihydroxy-9(11)-kauren-19-oic acid Phenolics, Fatty_acids 1 13 7.858 317.066 316.26 C16 H12 O7 1,3,5,8-Tetrahydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methylanthraquinone Alkaloids 3 14 16.379 496.3415 426.72 C24 H51 N O7 P 1-Palmitoyllysophosphatidylcholine Alkaloids 1,2 15 9.929 191.1448 190.25 C10 H19 F O2 10-Fluoro-capric acid Fatty_acids 1,2 16 10.356 269.2486 268.4 C17 H32 O2 10Z-Heptadecenoic acid Fatty_acids 2 17 8.516 293.2135 292.4 C18 H28 O3 13-epi-12-oxo Phytodienoic Acid Fatty_acids 1 18 10.048 374.3641 356.6 C22 H44 O3 13-methoxy-heneicosanoic acid Phenolics, Fatty_acids 2 19 11.96 338.343 337.6 C22 H43 N O 13E-Docosenamide Amides 2 20 12.482 338.3437 337.6 C22 H43 N O 13Z-Docosenamide Amides 1 21 10.914 340.2858 322.5 C20 H34 O3 15-OxoEDE Ketones 2 22 7.291 290.2494 272.4 C16 H29 F O2 16-fluoro-9Z-hexadecenoic acid Fatty_acids 1 23 8.885 336.2906 318.5 C21 H34 O2 17beta-Hydroxy-5alpha-androstane acetate Phenolics, Esters 2 24 12.311 378.3021 377.6 C23 H39 N O3 17beta-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]androst-5-en-3beta-ol Phenolics 2 25 9.368 320.15 302.32 C17 H18 O5 2',7-Dihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyisoflavan Alkaloids 2,3,4 26 8.412 151.1122 150.22 C10 H14 O 2-Butylphenol Alkaloids 3,4 27 7.368 179.107 178.23 C11 H14 O2 2-Ethoxy-5-(1-propenyl)phenol Alkaloids 3,4 28 11.224 467.3341 C28 H44 F2 O3 24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-24a-homovitamin D3 / 24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-24a-homocholecalciferol Phenolics 1,2,3,4 29 11.14 425.3057 424.6 C25 H41 F O4 2α-Fluoro-19-nor-22-oxa-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Alkaloids 3 30 8.676 263.1646 262.34 C16 H22 O3 3''-Hydroxy-geranylhydroquinone Phenolics 2,3,4 31 9.776 295.2278 294.4 C18 H30 O3 3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentyl-2-furanheptanoic acid Fatty_acids 2 32 8.704 211.1331 210.27 C12 H18 O3 3-Ethenyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-oxohex-5-en-2-yl acetate Ketones, Esters 2 33 10.214 213.1495 212.28 C12 H20 O3 3-Ethenyl-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylhex-5-en-2-yl acetate Phenolics, Esters 2 34 12.15 345.2422 344.5 C22 H32 O3 3-Hydroxyneogrifolin Phenolics 1,2 35 9.108 163.1124 162.23 C11 H14 O 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-butanone Ketones 2 36 15.394 551.4263 550.9 C40 H54 O 3-cis-Hydroxy-b,e-Caroten-3'-one Phenolics 2 37 9.304 330.3011 312.5 C19 H36 O3 3-oxo-nonadecanoic acid Fatty_acids, Ketones 2 38 8.913 300.2902 282.5 C18 H34 O2 3Z-octadecenoic acid Fatty_acids 2 39 8.942 331.191 330.4 C20 H26 O4 4,4'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methoxyphenol) Phenolics 1,2 40 9.264 329.1749 328.4 C20 H24 O4 4,4'-Dihydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-2,2'-dimethyl-3,6-biphenyldione Phenolics 1 41 8.782 179.0346 178.4 C9 H6 O4 4,7-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one Coumarins, Phenolics 2,3,4 42 9.636 316.1918 298.4 C19 H22 O3 4-(3-Hydroxy-7-phenyl-6-heptenyl)-1,2-benzenediol Phenolics 2 43 7.394 146.0611 145.16 C9 H7 N O 4-Formyl Indole Indoles 1 44 8.568 163.039 162.14 C9 H6 O3 4-Hydroxycoumarin Alkaloids 3,4 45 7.145 309.0971 308.28 C15 H16 O7 4R,5R,6S-Trihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 6-(2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoate) Alkaloids 4 46 10.775 321.2439 C20 H32 O3 5,8,11,13-Eicosatetraenoic acid, 15-hydroxy-, (E,Z,Z,Z)-; 15-HETE; 15-Hydroxy-5(Z),8(Z),11(Z),13(E)-eicosatetraenoic acid; 15-Hydroxyeicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid; 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid Phenolics, Fatty_acids 2 47 10.473 229.1446 228.28 C12 H20 O4 5-Heptyltetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furancarboxylic acid Fatty_acids, Ketones 2 48 7.426 403.1025 402.4 C20 H18 O9 5-Hydroxy-3,3',7,8-tetramethoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyflavone Flavonoids, Phenolics 1 49 9.423 297.0744 274.27 C15 H14 O5 6'-Hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin Phenolics 2 50 9.479 245.0834 222.31 C10 H14 N4 S 6-(Pentylthio)purine Alkaloids, Others 1 51 9.18 158.1545 140.22 C9 H16 O 6Z-Nonen-2-one Ketones 2 52 8.774 179.0357 178.14 C9 H6 O4 7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin Coumarins, Phenolics 1 53 11.17 205.0868 240.22 C12 H12 O3 7-Ethoxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one Coumarins 2 54 11.763 293.2499 292.5 C19 H32 O2 9(Z),11(E),13(E)-Octadecatrienoic Acid methyl ester Fatty_acids 1 55 8.654 298.2744 280.4 C18 H32 O2 9,13-octadecadienoic acid Fatty_acids 2 56 9.485 328.2508 327.48 C18 H33 N O4 9-Nitrooctadec-9E-enoic acid Fatty_acids 1 57 10.326 279.233 278.4 C18 H30 O2 9Z,12E,15E-Octadecatrienoic acid Fatty_acids 2 58 9.787 303.2344 302.5 C20 H30 O2 Abietic acid Fatty_acids 1 59 9.31 233.1554 232.32 C15 H20 O2 Alantolactone Terpenoids 1 60 10.495 305.2492 304.5 C20 H32 O2 Arachidonic Acid (peroxide free) Fatty_acids 2 61 10.584 280.2378 262.39 C16 H26 N2 O Cernuine Alkaloids 1 62 3.451 172.1693 154.25 C10 H18 O Chrysanthemyl alcohol Alkaloids 3 63 2.995 128.1436 127.23 C8 H17 N Coniine Alkaloids 3 64 7.329 147.0451 146.14 C9 H6 O2 Coumarin Coumarins 1 65 10.033 387.3385 386.6 C25 H42 N2 O Cyclobuxine D Alkaloids 2 66 10.787 235.1704 234.33 C15 H22 O2 Dihydroisoalantolactone Terpenoids 2 67 3.776 227.0914 226.23 C11 H14 O5 Dihydrosinapic acid Alkaloids 3 68 10.157 353.27 351.5 C17 H39 N O4 P Dodecylphosphocholine Alkaloids 2 69 12.834 282.2804 281.5 C18 H35 N O Elaidamide Amides 2 70 8.545 275.2025 274.4 C18 H26 O2 Empenthrin Others 1 71 7.823 293.1041 275.23 C13 H10 F N3 O3 Flumazenil acid Fatty_acids 1 72 8.926 209.0451 208.17 C10 H8 O5 Fraxetin Coumarins 1,2 73 11.305 228.2332 227.39 C14 H29 N O Halaminol A Alkaloids 2 74 9.522 177.0554 176.17 C10 H8 O3 Herniarin Coumarins 2 75 9.54 193.0502 192.17 C10 H8 O4 Isoscopoletin Coumarins 2 76 7.685 287.0557 286.4 C15 H10 O6 Kaempferol Alkaloids 3 77 9.344 305.2488 304.5 C20 H32 O2 Labda-7,14-dien-6-one, 13-hydroxy Phenolics 2 78 19.58 383.3162 382.6 C23 H42 O4 Lepidiumterpenyl ester Terpenoids 1 79 11.597 324.2921 323.5 C20 H37 N O2 Linoleoyl Ethanolamide Amides 1,2 80 11.194 323.1567 322.5 C20 H22 N2 S Mequitazine Alkaloids 1 81 10.663 365.2693 364.5 C22 H36 O4 Methyl 10-gingerol Alkaloids 3,4 82 15.178 485.3624 484.7 C31 H48 O4 Methyl 3b,24-dihydroxy-11,13(18)-oleanadien-30-oate Phenolics 1 83 2.562 166.0862 165.19 C9 H11 N O2 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propanamide Alkaloids 4 84 5.113 114.0912 113.16 C6 H11 N O N-Acetylpyrrolidine Alkaloids 4 85 12.518 338.3431 337.6 C22 H43 N O N-Cyclohexanecarbonylpentadecylamine Alkaloids 2 86 11.435 384.3123 383.6 C22 H41 N O4 N-oleoyl threonine Alkaloids 2 87 8.63 289.1804 288.4 C18 H24 O3 O-Geranylvanillin Alkaloids 2,3,4 88 12.675 256.2651 255.44 C16 H33 N O Palmitic amide Fatty_acids, Amides 1 89 12.2 300.292 299.5 C18 H37 N O2 Palmitoyl Ethanolamide Amides 1 90 1.437 338.2567 315.5 C20 H33 N3 Panamine Alkaloids 1,2,3,4 91 8.837 318.303 317.5 C18 H39 N O3 Phytosphingosine Alkaloids 1,2 92 3.408 261.1311 238.29 C11 H18 N4 O2 Pirimicarb Alkaloids 3,4 93 8.778 247.0987 246.26 C14 H14 O4 Prenyletin Terpenoids 1 94 9.822 235.1338 234.29 C14 H18 O3 Pterosin N Terpenoids 2 95 2.759 130.065 129.16 C9 H7 N Quinoline Alkaloids 3,4 96 12.633 609.2743 608.7 C33 H40 N2 O9 Reserpine Alkaloids 1 97 10.739 277.2187 274.4 C18 H28 O2 Stearidonic Acid Fatty_acids 1,2 98 14.248 397.3845 396.7 C29 H48 Stigmastan-3,5-diene Terpenoids 2 99 7.855 317.0677 294.33 C12 H14 N4 O3 S Sulfacytine Alkaloids 1 100 7.682 287.057 264.31 C11 H12 N4 O2 S Sulfamerazine Alkaloids 1 101 9.376 276.0982 254.23 C13 H10 N2 O4 Thalidomide Others 1 102 9.467 245.0818 C14 H12 O4 Thyroacetic acid Fatty_acids 2 103 10.475 229.1456 211.26 C13 H13 N3 Varenicline Alkaloids, Others 1 104 9.297 287.2379 269.39 C16 H19 D5 O3 dinor-12-oxo Phytodienoic Acid-d5 Fatty_acids, Ketones 2 105 10.457 200.2018 199.33 C12 H25 N O dodecanamide Amides 2 106 11.327 349.275 348.5 C22 H36 O3 ent-16b,19-Kauranediol 19-acetate Esters 2 107 9.097 135.1173 134.22 C10 H14 o-Cymene Terpenoids 2 108 10.339 305.2503 304.5 C20 H32 O2 omega-3 Arachidonic Acid Fatty_acids 1 109 18.943 197.0061 174.11 C6 H6 O6 trans-Aconitic acid Fatty_acids 2 110 6.527 421.1119 420.4 C20 H20 O10 5,7,2'-Trihydroxy-3,6,8,4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone Flavonoid / phenylpropanoid 1 111 6.843 347.0782 346.3 C17 H14 O8 5,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavone Flavonoid / phenylpropanoid 1 112 7.162 493.1351 492.4 C23 H24 O12 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7,3'-dimethyl ether 6-glucoside Flavonoid / phenylpropanoid 2 113 7.684 287.0558 286.24 C15 H10 O6 Kaempferol Flavonoid / phenylpropanoid 2,3 4. Conclusion The contemporary shifting trends towards phytotherapeutics represent a manifestation of the growing global demand for therapeutic interventions. The interventions that are not only highly effective but also sustainable and biocompatible. Situated at the confluence of ethno-pharmacological tradition and modern analytical chemistry, Tridax procumbens exhibits a vast reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites. And the results of the present study have successfully bridged traditional botany with modern chemical profiling. Thereby, the study has decisively highlighted its immense medicinal potential. Deliberately diverging from traditional, energy-intensive Soxhlet extraction methods, this study focused on an eco-friendlier approach that is driven by a commitment to sustainability. The Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) process, which employed a strategic solvent gradient of methanol, acetone, and dichloromethane (DCM) was proved highly effective in extracting the complex matrix of plant-derived phytochemicals. Preliminary colorimetric analysis revealed the presence of exceptionally high concentrations of therapeutic secondary metabolites. Colorimetric analysis demonstrated the results in a Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of 550 mg QE/g, a Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of 150 mg GAE/g, and a Total Alkaloid Content (TAC) of 400 mg CE/g. Beyond these standard measurements, the application of sophisticated UPLC-MS-MS technology, more specifically LC-QTOF-MS-MS has revealed an unprecedented metabolomics profile of these extracts. The identification of 113 metabolite compounds by mass spectrometry characterized primarily by the exceptional presence of complex alkaloids alongside a broad spectrum of flavonoids and phenolic acids, provides a robust chemical foundation for the efficacy of this plant. Its unique molecular composition establishes a definitive chemical basis for the potential utility of Tridax procumbens as a resource for the development of next-generation analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant therapeutic agents. Although this current study serves primarily as a qualitative and high-resolution reference study within the field of phytochemistry, it has nevertheless proven effective in elucidating a chemical landscape that was previously obscure. It provides a fundamental empirical framework for the clinical standardization of Tridax procumbens . Future studies should now focus their attention on statistical optimization; specifically, the judicious application of ‘Response Surface Methodology’ (RSM) to optimize green extraction techniques. Eco-friendlier and greener methods like UAE, Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), or Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) are considered crucial for maximizing the recovery of these valuable metabolites for pharmaceutical development. Declarations Use of Generative AI During the preparation of this study the author(s) used ChatGPT (Version 5.2) to improve the readability and language of the manuscript. After using this tool, the author(s) reviewed and edited the contents as needed. Conflict of Interest The authors declare there has been no conflict of interest during the study that could influence the preparation of this manuscript. Funding The authors received no funding for this work. Author Contribution Both the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Sagar Haribhai Keshur. The first draft of the manuscript was prepared by Biplob Sen, both the authors read and approved the manuscript. Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge Mr. Haribhai Keshur for his valuable support during sample collection and handling. The authors are thankful to the Department of Chemistry, Gujarat University for providing the lab facility during this work and to Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC) for providing LC-MS/MS instrument facility. The authors also acknowledge Mr. Dipak Kumar Mahida and Dr. Haidar Abbas Masi for their support during LC-MS/MS profiling and data extraction. Data Availability No new datasets were generated or analysed during this study. References Han, S. et al. Identification and evolution of the plant sulfotransferase family. BMC Genomics 26, 895 (2025). Maeda, H. A. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9265586","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":630891343,"identity":"7e41d1a3-6ae3-401e-b1b7-1832709524f6","order_by":0,"name":"Sagar Keshur","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Gujarat University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sagar","middleName":"","lastName":"Keshur","suffix":""},{"id":630891344,"identity":"e8aa53c6-11dd-4f65-b00d-c39a78e260cd","order_by":1,"name":"Biplob Sen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA2YGxgOMDRAOM5hkb4AycGthQNPCc4CAFgYMLRIJ+LWYs/MeOPBxB4M9v3QD4+eCCga7DTffGAIZNgz87d0J2LRYNvMlHJx5hiFx5pwDzNIzzjAkb7idYwxkpDFInDm7AavDDvMYHOZtY0gwuJHAxgxkJBvczjGQ5m07zGAgkYtXi709WMs/oJabZ4x/E6OFcYMESEsDg53BDR4zvLbA/TLjRmKzNM8xhgTJM2ll1jxn0nhw+cWc/+zBB+AQm5F88DNPDYM93/HDm2/zVNjI8bf3YtUCjDkQ8R+IwbHzP7GBgcMALo5HCwLYA1PMA9yqR8EoGAWjYCQCAAMfXpbxO9woAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Gujarat University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Biplob","middleName":"","lastName":"Sen","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-30 10:39:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108184715,"identity":"088d0b95-5c1f-463f-b82c-2153f516dfbe","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:04:39","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":161565,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eTridax procumbens whole plant in its natural habitat\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/66d536b40f6a77d58ba4113f.jpg"},{"id":108184966,"identity":"65ec1f15-91c1-48d2-b1c4-bfef6a10590e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:05:07","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":50506,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eExtraction Methodology\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/8f2dc2c98e69fea85e5bbec1.jpg"},{"id":108184812,"identity":"ad0e8ade-addf-4edb-a3cc-d2ca2a298ab4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:04:49","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":57649,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSecondary Metabolite Content\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/b71a351f8a2a16eb7f27c7d5.jpg"},{"id":108184606,"identity":"777a6ec5-4ba5-44e9-b548-51874e8c2f4a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:04:32","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":138918,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eTotal Ion Chromatogram, (A) Sample 1, (B) Sample 2, (C) Sample 3 and (D) Sample 4\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/a35835186e42b6f63ec49bfc.jpg"},{"id":108185276,"identity":"a77d562b-3198-416e-aeec-9944c5aebe29","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:05:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1255603,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/94a4adfd-719c-4c77-b83c-bf9fddf4f715.pdf"},{"id":108184692,"identity":"5a6b0ab3-dca1-4536-bf60-0ae1837cfa29","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-30 09:04:38","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":88476,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGraphical abstract\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Graphicalabstract.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9265586/v1/035de219aca2ff74a4e36850.jpg"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profiling of Tridax procumbens using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS: Analyzing Effect of Solvents on Phytochemical Extraction","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe continued reliance on botanical resources for therapeutic intervention is not merely a matter of historical tradition, but rather a direct consequence of the profound evolutionary biochemical homology between plant and mammalian systems \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR2 CR3 CR4\" citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Plant secondary metabolites which continuously evolve in response to environmental challenges such as herbivory, pathogen invasion, and abiotic stress, constitute a highly evolved reservoir of bioactive structures \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Nevertheless, despite current advancements in high-throughput combinatorial chemistry, these plant compounds continue to offer unparalleled structural diversity and stereochemical complexity. Translating the insights of ethnobotany into systematic pharmacotherapy remains a major challenge in modern drug discovery, driven by our need for biocompatible and globally accessible treatments \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR8\" citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne species that has demonstrated exceptional ecological resilience and therapeutic adaptability is \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e L. (a member of Asteraceae) \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR11\" citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Originally a Neotropical species, \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e is a prostrate perennial herb that has successfully established itself across a wide range of tropical and subtropical regions. Its physical robustness is ensured by a strong taproot system, highly branched and pubescent stems, and densely hairy, ovate-lanceolate leaves which points toward a highly active secondary metabolism. This metabolism possesses the capacity to sustain the species even under the most adverse environmental conditions. This high level of metabolic activity is directly reflected in its rich medicinal profile, which has rendered this species a mainstay in traditional medicine \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR13 CR14\" citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOver the centuries, \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e has become an integral component of traditional medicine within most indigenous healing systems. In the Ayurvedic and tribal medicinal traditions of South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the empirically observed hemostatic and cicatrizing effects of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e have established it as a primary remedy for physical injuries \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR17\" citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The traditional practice of topically applying ground aerial biomass to treat severe mechanical injuries highlights the ancient understanding regarding the biological activity of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e. The utilization of aqueous extracts of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e by local practitioners to treat complex physiological ailments, such as parasitic enteritis, hepatobiliary congestion, and essential hypertension, provides a solid foundation for comprehending the biological activity of this plant \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent pharmacological evaluations of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying its biological activity, thereby validating the traditional medicinal claims associated with the plant \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The bactericidal activity of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e against clinically significant pathogens, such as \u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus aureus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas aeruginosa\u003c/em\u003e, is believed to be driven by processes involving the disruption of cell membrane integrity and the intercalation of compounds within nucleic acids \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR23\" citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Furthermore, the potent antioxidant activity of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e underscores its impressive capacity to scavenge free radicals, such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant activity of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e is mechanistically linked to its anti-inflammatory activity; it is hypothesized that the plant's ability to scavenge ROS serves to attenuate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and specific interleukins \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe therapeutic versatility of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e is primarily driven by its heterogeneous phytochemical composition. Although preliminary investigations have identified a matrix of tannins, saponins, and essential oils, the polyphenolic component has garnered the most interest from a clinical perspective \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Phytochemicals featuring the classical C6-C3-C6 carbon backbone which includes flavonols such as quercetin and kaempferol, and flavones such as luteolin and apigenin, occur as complex O-glycosides and exhibit potent electron-donating activities that terminate free-radical chain reactions; these compounds interact synergistically with minor alkaloids, which promote local analgesic and antispasmodic effects, as well as microvascular deposition during tissue repair \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR28\" citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDespite the substantial volume of fundamental research conducted over the past few decades, a high-resolution, comprehensive phytochemical profile of \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e remains a significant gap in the available literature on natural products \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Traditional colorimetric tests, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and conventional diode-array HPLC have consistently yielded only fragmented and at times inconsistent phytochemical profiles in the past \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR32 CR33\" citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Although GC-MS has provided a satisfactory characterization of the volatile fraction of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e, it is inherently unsuitable for analyzing the high-molecular-weight, thermolabile, and highly polar polyphenolic glycosides that constitute its bioactive aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR36 CR37\" citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Consequently, the level of intra-species variability in the literature available on \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e has risen significantly \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. This is a situation further compounded by geographical, edaphic, and methodological variations \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. This scenario has hindered the process of standardizing \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e, transitioning it from a traditional herbal remedy into a strictly controlled phytopharmaceutical agent \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo bridge this significant knowledge gap, the present study employs liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics. Specifically, to systematically elucidate the secondary metabolites of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) via electrospray ionization (ESI) has been utilized \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. By leveraging the predicted fragmentation patterns of collision-induced dissociation spectra, the complex matrix of flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids can be elucidated without the need for any reference compounds. The ultimate objective is to develop highly reliable chemical markers for the phytochemical profiling of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e; thereby establishing an empirical foundation for its future clinical therapeutic applications, while simultaneously validating the long-standing historical human experience with this plant.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and Methodology","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Plant Parts\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e whole plant (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) was harvested from Alidar village, Kodinar of Gir Somnath district of Gujarat during winter of 2025. The collection site comprised unreserved grassland. Therefore, no specific permissions were required for sampling. Plant collection procedure complied with relevant institutional and national guidelines for the sustainable collection of wild plant species, ensuring adherence to ethical and environmental standards. The plant was verified by the department of Botany, Gujarat University.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e2.2 Equipment\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eSonicator (Labman LMUC-6)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotatory Evaporator (Heidolph GmbH)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnetic Stirrer (REMI 2MLH)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e2.3 Chemicals\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethanol (Sigma Aldrich)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloro Methane (DCM) (Merck India)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcetone (Lab India)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4 Experimental Procedure\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.1 Preparation of Plant Extract\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHarvested \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e whole plant was washed thoroughly and shade dried for 15 days to remove the moisture \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR42\" citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. After that, the dried plant was crushed into powdered form. The powdered \u003cem\u003eT. procumbens\u003c/em\u003e was homogenized using a sieve. The powder was mixed with three solvent variants at 1:10 ratio of powdered plant to solvent. Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method was used to extract the phytochemicals from the powdered plant. Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e gives the overview of the extraction methodology using sonicator.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExtraction Methodology using UAE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethod\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample Used (g)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolvent Type\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolvent Quantity (mL)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRatio\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTime (mins.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTemp. (℃)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUAE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethanol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150 mL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1:10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 mins.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 ℃\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUAE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDichloro Methane (DCM)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150 mL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1:10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 mins.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 ℃\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUAE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcetone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150 mL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1:10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 mins.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 ℃\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter sonication the sample was kept in magnetic stirrer at 500 rpm for 24 hours. Then the sample was filtered using Whatman filter paper no. 41 and vacuum filtration. Rotatory vacuum evaporator (Heidolph GmbH) was used to remove the solvent and dry the sample. The dried sample was kept at 3 ℃ for further use.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.2 Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTFC was determined using previously reported colorimetric method. In brief, 0.25 mL sample was dissolved in 1.25 mL DW. NaNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was added and kept in dark for 6 minutes. Then, 0.15 mL of 10% AlCl\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was added and again incubated in dark for 5 minutes. After that, 0.5 mL NaOH and 0.275 mL DW was added in the mixture. Quercetin was used as standard and the absorbance was measured at 510 nm. TFC was calculated from the calibration curve as Quercetin equivalent as per gram of extract (mg QE/ g) \u003csup\u003e44\u0026ndash;46\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.3 Total Phenolic Content (TPC)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTPC was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method using Gallic Acid as standard. 1 mL of extract and 9 mL DW was taken and 1 mL Folin\u0026rsquo;s reagent was added. The mixture was shaken very well. After 5 minutes 10 mL of 7% Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eCO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was added to the mixture. Standard solution of Gallic Acid was prepared. Both the standard and sample was incubated in dark for 90 minutes at room temperature. The absorbance for standard against blank was measured at 550 nm. TPC was calculated from calibration curve and expressed as mg of Gallic Acid per g of extract (mg GAC/ g) \u003csup\u003e45\u0026ndash;47\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.4 Total Alkaloid Content (TAC)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant extract of 1 mL in DMSO and 1 mL 2N HCl was added and filtered. The solution was transferred to a separation funnel and 5 mL of bromocresol green and 5 mL phosphate buffer was added. The mixture was shaken well and 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL of Chloroform was added. The solution was collected in a 10 mL volumetric flask. The absorbance was measured at 470 nm. TAC was calculated as mg of Caffeine per g of extract (mg CE/ g) \u003csup\u003e46,47\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.5 LC-MS/MS\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eUPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of methanolic, acetonic and DCM extracts were performed using an Agilent 6545XT Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer coupled with an Agilent 1290 Infinity II UPLC system via a Dual AJS (ESI) electrospray ionization source (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The Agilent 1290 UPLC system was equipped with a quaternary pump (G7104A), an online vacuum degasser, an autosampler (G7129B), a column oven (G7130A), and a diode array detector (G7115A). Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 column (2.1 \u0026times; 100 mm, 1.8 \u0026micro;m) maintained at 45\u0026deg;C. The mobile phase comprised 0.1% formic acid in water (sol vent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B). The flow rate was maintained at 0.3 mL/min, and the gradient elution program was as follows: 95% A/5% B at 0\u0026ndash;1 min, 90% A/10% B at 2 min, 5% A/95% B at 8\u0026ndash;12 min, 50% A/50% B at 15 min, 90% A/10% B at 16 min, and 95% A/5% B at 17\u0026ndash;20 min, resulting in a total run time of 20 min. The sample injection volume was 5 \u0026micro;L, and injections were performed in needle wash mode with a 10 s wash at the flush port between runs. The QTOF mass spectrometer was operated in positive electrospray ionization (ESI +) mode under AutoMS2 acquisition. Positive ion mode was selected due to optimization for alkaloids; Negative mode will be included in future work. The mass range was set from m/z 100\u0026ndash;1700 for MS and m/z 50\u0026ndash;1700 for MS/MS. The MS scan rate was 2.0 spe ctra/sec, and the MS/MS scan rate was 4.0 spectra/sec. The isolation width for MS/ MS was narrow (~\u0026thinsp;1.3 amu), and fixed collision energies of 20, 35, and 50 eV were applied. The resolving power of the analyzer exceeded 10,000 FWHM. Ionization source conditions were as follows: capillary voltage (VCap), 3500 V; nozzle voltage, 1000 V; fragmentor voltage, 120 V; skimmer voltage, 65 V; octopole RF peak voltage, 750 V. Nitrogen was used as the nebulizing, drying, and collision gas. The drying gas temperature was 320\u0026deg;C with a flow rate of 10 L/min, the sheath gas temperature was 350\u0026deg;C with a flow rate of 11 L/min, and the nebulizer pressure was maintained at 35 psi. The precursor ion threshold for AutoMS2 was set at 1000 counts, with three precursors per cycle and active exclusion after one spectrum (released after 0.5 min). The sample of methanolic extract was analyzed in triplicate. A blank solvent run was performed prior to the sample injections, and an additional blank run was conducted after the sample sequence to ensure the absence of carryover. The MassHunter Workstation software (v.10.0) and MassHunter Qualitative Analysis (v10.0) software (Agilent Technologies, USA) were used to extract molecular features (MFs) from all raw data files (.d) using a minimum threshold of 5000 counts in positive ionization mode. Tentative identifications were assigned as +\u0026thinsp;H adducts, with positive mode features excluded. Total ion chromatograms were processed using the MF Extractor, which groups coeluting ions based on isotopes, adducts, peak shape, and retention time. Feature extraction relied on exact-mass matching with a 5-ppm mass-error cutoff. The METLIN libraries were utilized for compound identification based on accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation patterns. To elucidate the chemical structures of detected compounds, spectral data were cross-referenced with major online databases, including PubChem (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), ChemSpider (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://www.chemspider.com\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://www.chemspider.com\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), FoodDB (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://foodb.ca\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://foodb.ca\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), MassBank (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://www.massbank.jp\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://www.massbank.jp\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), and the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://hmdb.ca\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://hmdb.ca\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e). All compounds classified as non-plant-biosynthetic, including pharmaceuticals, herbicide-pesticide residues, industrial contaminants, and metabolites of microbial origin, were excluded from further interpretation based on biosynthetic plausibility.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3 Results \u0026 Discussion","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 TFC, TPC \u0026amp; TAC Estimation\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTFC, TPC and TAC of DCM extract of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e plant were estimated using Auto Colorimetric method. Quercetin, Galic Acid and Caffeine were used as standards for determination of Total Flavonoids (TFC) Total Phenols (TPC) and Total Alkaloids (TAC) respectively. Quantitative result of TFC, TPC and TAC are listed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. Figure\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e demonstrates the graphical representation of the result obtained in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstimation of TFC, TPC and TAC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSl. No.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eParticular\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstimated Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal Flavonoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e550 mg QE/g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal Phenols\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150 mg GAE/g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal Alkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e400 mg CE/g\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Phytochemical Profiling\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, the Methanolic, Acetonic and DCM extract of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e plant were subjected to phytochemical profiling using UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/ MS) operated in the positive ionization mode. The Total Compound Chromatogram and Total Ion Chromatogram illustrating the detected metabolites is presented in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e. In the figure, Sample 1 represents oily Methanol extract, Sample 2 represents dried Methanol extract, Sample 3 represents dried Acetone extract and Sample 4 represents dried DCM extract. The results revealed a chemically diverse metabolic spectrum encompassing alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acids, peptides, glycosides, and other classes of secondary metabolites.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe putatively annotated of 113 compounds at the MS/MS analysis (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e) underscores the plant\u0026rsquo;s complex biochemical network and its capacity to synthesise a broad array of pharmacologically active molecules. Metabolite annotations were assigned according to the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComprehensive LC-MS/MS Profiling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRetention time\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003em/z\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolar Mass\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormula\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompound Name\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass of Compound\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample no.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.968\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e144.1383\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e143.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC8H17NO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(-)-Hygroline\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.521\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e699.3584\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e698.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC35 H54 O14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(15a,20R)-Dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one 20-[glucosyl-(1-\u0026gt;4)-6-acetyl-glucoside]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e431.3538\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e416.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC28 H46 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(24R)-1α,25-dihydroxy-24-methylvitamin D3 /(24R)-1α,25-dihydroxy-24-methylcholecalciferol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.931\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e209.1544\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e208.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC13 H20 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(3R,8E)-3-Hydroxy-5,8-megastigmadien-7-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids, Phenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.789\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e583.4162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e582.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC40 H54 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(3S,3'R,5R,6R)-7',8'-Didehydro-3,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta,beta-carotene-3',5-diol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.275\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e463.3789\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e462.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC29 H50 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(3beta,22R,23R,24S)-3,22,23-Trihydroxystigmastan-6-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.392\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e427.3591\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e426.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC29 H46 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(6beta,22E)-6-Hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids, Phenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e351.2148\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e328.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H32 O5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(9R,10S,12Z)-9,10-Dihydroxy-8-oxo-12-octadecenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.776\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e291.1959\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e290.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H26 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(9Z,11E,13E,15Z)-4-Oxo-9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids, Ketones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.046\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e328.2855\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e310.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC19 H34 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(R)-2-Hydroxysterculic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Fatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.841\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228.1965\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e210.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC13 H22 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,7-octadienyl propionate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEsters\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.609\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e335.2223\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e334.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H30 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(ent-16betaOH)-16,17-Dihydroxy-9(11)-kauren-19-oic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Fatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.858\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e317.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e316.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H12 O7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,3,5,8-Tetrahydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methylanthraquinone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e496.3415\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e426.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC24 H51 N O7 P\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1-Palmitoyllysophosphatidylcholine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.929\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e191.1448\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e190.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H19 F O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10-Fluoro-capric acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.356\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e269.2486\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e268.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC17 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10Z-Heptadecenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.516\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e293.2135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e292.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H28 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13-epi-12-oxo Phytodienoic Acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.048\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e374.3641\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e356.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H44 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13-methoxy-heneicosanoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Fatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e338.343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H43 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13E-Docosenamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.482\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e338.3437\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H43 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13Z-Docosenamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.914\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e340.2858\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e322.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H34 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15-OxoEDE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKetones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.291\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e290.2494\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e272.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H29 F O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16-fluoro-9Z-hexadecenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.885\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e336.2906\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e318.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC21 H34 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17beta-Hydroxy-5alpha-androstane acetate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Esters\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.311\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e378.3021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e377.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC23 H39 N O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17beta-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]androst-5-en-3beta-ol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.368\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e320.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e302.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC17 H18 O5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2',7-Dihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyisoflavan\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.412\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e151.1122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e150.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H14 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2-Butylphenol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.368\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e179.107\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e178.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC11 H14 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2-Ethoxy-5-(1-propenyl)phenol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.224\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e467.3341\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC28 H44 F2 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-24a-homovitamin D3 / 24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-24a-homocholecalciferol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e425.3057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e424.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC25 H41 F O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2α-Fluoro-19-nor-22-oxa-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.676\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e263.1646\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e262.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H22 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3''-Hydroxy-geranylhydroquinone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.776\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e295.2278\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e294.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H30 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentyl-2-furanheptanoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.704\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e211.1331\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e210.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H18 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-Ethenyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-oxohex-5-en-2-yl acetate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKetones, Esters\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.214\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e213.1495\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e212.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H20 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-Ethenyl-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylhex-5-en-2-yl acetate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Esters\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e345.2422\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e344.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H32 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-Hydroxyneogrifolin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.108\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e163.1124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC11 H14 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-butanone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKetones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.394\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e551.4263\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e550.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC40 H54 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-cis-Hydroxy-b,e-Caroten-3'-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.304\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e330.3011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e312.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC19 H36 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-oxo-nonadecanoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids, Ketones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.913\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e300.2902\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e282.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H34 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3Z-octadecenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.942\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e331.191\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e330.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H26 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4,4'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methoxyphenol)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.264\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e329.1749\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e328.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H24 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4,4'-Dihydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-2,2'-dimethyl-3,6-biphenyldione\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.782\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e179.0346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e178.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H6 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4,7-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins, Phenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.636\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e316.1918\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e298.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC19 H22 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4-(3-Hydroxy-7-phenyl-6-heptenyl)-1,2-benzenediol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.394\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e146.0611\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e145.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H7 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4-Formyl Indole\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndoles\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.568\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e163.039\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H6 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4-Hydroxycoumarin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.145\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e309.0971\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e308.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H16 O7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4R,5R,6S-Trihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 6-(2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoate)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.775\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e321.2439\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H32 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,8,11,13-Eicosatetraenoic acid, 15-hydroxy-, (E,Z,Z,Z)-; 15-HETE; 15-Hydroxy-5(Z),8(Z),11(Z),13(E)-eicosatetraenoic acid; 15-Hydroxyeicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid; 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics, Fatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.473\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e229.1446\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H20 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5-Heptyltetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furancarboxylic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids, Ketones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.426\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e403.1025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e402.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H18 O9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5-Hydroxy-3,3',7,8-tetramethoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyflavone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoids, Phenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.423\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e297.0744\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e274.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H14 O5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6'-Hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.479\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e245.0834\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H14 N4 S\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6-(Pentylthio)purine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids, Others\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e158.1545\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e140.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H16 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6Z-Nonen-2-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKetones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.774\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e179.0357\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e178.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H6 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins, Phenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e205.0868\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e240.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H12 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7-Ethoxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.763\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e293.2499\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e292.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC19 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9(Z),11(E),13(E)-Octadecatrienoic Acid methyl ester\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e298.2744\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e280.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9,13-octadecadienoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.485\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e328.2508\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e327.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H33 N O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9-Nitrooctadec-9E-enoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.326\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e279.233\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e278.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H30 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9Z,12E,15E-Octadecatrienoic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.787\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e303.2344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e302.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H30 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbietic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e233.1554\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e232.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H20 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlantolactone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.495\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e305.2492\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e304.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eArachidonic Acid (peroxide free)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.584\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e280.2378\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e262.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H26 N2 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCernuine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.451\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e172.1693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H18 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChrysanthemyl alcohol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.995\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e128.1436\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC8 H17 N\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eConiine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.329\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e147.0451\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e146.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H6 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.033\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e387.3385\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e386.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC25 H42 N2 O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCyclobuxine D\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.787\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e235.1704\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e234.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H22 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDihydroisoalantolactone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.776\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227.0914\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e226.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC11 H14 O5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDihydrosinapic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.157\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e353.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e351.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC17 H39 N O4 P\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDodecylphosphocholine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.834\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e282.2804\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e281.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H35 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eElaidamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.545\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e275.2025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e274.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H26 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpenthrin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOthers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.823\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e293.1041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e275.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC13 H10 F N3 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlumazenil acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.926\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e209.0451\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e208.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H8 O5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFraxetin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.305\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e228.2332\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC14 H29 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHalaminol A\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.522\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e177.0554\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e176.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H8 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerniarin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e193.0502\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e192.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H8 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsoscopoletin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoumarins\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.685\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e287.0557\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e286.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H10 O6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKaempferol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e305.2488\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e304.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLabda-7,14-dien-6-one, 13-hydroxy\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e383.3162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e382.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC23 H42 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLepidiumterpenyl ester\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.597\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e324.2921\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H37 N O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinoleoyl Ethanolamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.194\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323.1567\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e322.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H22 N2 S\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMequitazine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.663\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e365.2693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e364.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H36 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethyl 10-gingerol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e485.3624\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e484.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC31 H48 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethyl 3b,24-dihydroxy-11,13(18)-oleanadien-30-oate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenolics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.562\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e166.0862\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e165.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H11 N O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propanamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.113\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e114.0912\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e113.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC6 H11 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN-Acetylpyrrolidine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.518\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e338.3431\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H43 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN-Cyclohexanecarbonylpentadecylamine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.435\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e384.3123\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e383.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H41 N O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN-oleoyl threonine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e289.1804\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e288.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H24 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eO-Geranylvanillin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.675\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e256.2651\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e255.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H33 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePalmitic amide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids, Amides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e300.292\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e299.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H37 N O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePalmitoyl Ethanolamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.437\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e338.2567\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e315.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H33 N3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePanamine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2,3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.837\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e318.303\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e317.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H39 N O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhytosphingosine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.408\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e261.1311\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e238.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC11 H18 N4 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePirimicarb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.778\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e247.0987\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e246.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC14 H14 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrenyletin\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.822\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e235.1338\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e234.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC14 H18 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePterosin N\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.759\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130.065\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC9 H7 N\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuinoline\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3,4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.633\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e609.2743\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e608.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC33 H40 N2 O9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReserpine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.739\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e277.2187\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e274.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC18 H28 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStearidonic Acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.248\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e397.3845\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e396.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC29 H48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStigmastan-3,5-diene\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.855\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e317.0677\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e294.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H14 N4 O3 S\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSulfacytine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.682\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e287.057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e264.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC11 H12 N4 O2 S\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSulfamerazine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.376\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e276.0982\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e254.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC13 H10 N2 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThalidomide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOthers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.467\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e245.0818\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC14 H12 O4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThyroacetic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.475\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e229.1456\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e211.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC13 H13 N3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVarenicline\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids, Others\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e287.2379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e269.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC16 H19 D5 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edinor-12-oxo Phytodienoic Acid-d5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids, Ketones\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.457\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e200.2018\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e199.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC12 H25 N O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003edodecanamide\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmides\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e106\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.327\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e349.275\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e348.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC22 H36 O3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eent-16b,19-Kauranediol 19-acetate\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEsters\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.097\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135.1173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e134.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC10 H14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eo-Cymene\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerpenoids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e108\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.339\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e305.2503\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e304.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H32 O2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eomega-3 Arachidonic Acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.943\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e197.0061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e174.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC6 H6 O6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etrans-Aconitic acid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty_acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.527\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e421.1119\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e420.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC20 H20 O10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,7,2'-Trihydroxy-3,6,8,4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoid / phenylpropanoid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.843\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e347.0782\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e346.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC17 H14 O8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavone\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoid / phenylpropanoid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e112\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e493.1351\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e492.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC23 H24 O12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6-Hydroxyluteolin 7,3'-dimethyl ether 6-glucoside\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoid / phenylpropanoid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e113\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.684\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e287.0558\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e286.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC15 H10 O6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKaempferol\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoid / phenylpropanoid\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe contemporary shifting trends towards phytotherapeutics represent a manifestation of the growing global demand for therapeutic interventions. The interventions that are not only highly effective but also sustainable and biocompatible. Situated at the confluence of ethno-pharmacological tradition and modern analytical chemistry, \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e exhibits a vast reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites. And the results of the present study have successfully bridged traditional botany with modern chemical profiling. Thereby, the study has decisively highlighted its immense medicinal potential.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeliberately diverging from traditional, energy-intensive Soxhlet extraction methods, this study focused on an eco-friendlier approach that is driven by a commitment to sustainability. The Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) process, which employed a strategic solvent gradient of methanol, acetone, and dichloromethane (DCM) was proved highly effective in extracting the complex matrix of plant-derived phytochemicals. Preliminary colorimetric analysis revealed the presence of exceptionally high concentrations of therapeutic secondary metabolites. Colorimetric analysis demonstrated the results in a Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of 550 mg QE/g, a Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of 150 mg GAE/g, and a Total Alkaloid Content (TAC) of 400 mg CE/g.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeyond these standard measurements, the application of sophisticated UPLC-MS-MS technology, more specifically LC-QTOF-MS-MS has revealed an unprecedented metabolomics profile of these extracts. The identification of 113 metabolite compounds by mass spectrometry characterized primarily by the exceptional presence of complex alkaloids alongside a broad spectrum of flavonoids and phenolic acids, provides a robust chemical foundation for the efficacy of this plant. Its unique molecular composition establishes a definitive chemical basis for the potential utility of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e as a resource for the development of next-generation analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant therapeutic agents.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough this current study serves primarily as a qualitative and high-resolution reference study within the field of phytochemistry, it has nevertheless proven effective in elucidating a chemical landscape that was previously obscure. It provides a fundamental empirical framework for the clinical standardization of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e. Future studies should now focus their attention on statistical optimization; specifically, the judicious application of \u0026lsquo;Response Surface Methodology\u0026rsquo; (RSM) to optimize green extraction techniques. Eco-friendlier and greener methods like UAE, Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), or Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) are considered crucial for maximizing the recovery of these valuable metabolites for pharmaceutical development.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUse of Generative AI\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuring the preparation of this study the author(s) used ChatGPT (Version 5.2) to improve the readability and language of the manuscript. After using this tool, the author(s) reviewed and edited the contents as needed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConflict of Interest\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors declare there has been no conflict of interest during the study that could influence the preparation of this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eFunding\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors received no funding for this work.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eBoth the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Sagar Haribhai Keshur. The first draft of the manuscript was prepared by Biplob Sen, both the authors read and approved the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgement\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe authors gratefully acknowledge Mr. Haribhai Keshur for his valuable support during sample collection and handling. The authors are thankful to the Department of Chemistry, Gujarat University for providing the lab facility during this work and to Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC) for providing LC-MS/MS instrument facility. The authors also acknowledge Mr. Dipak Kumar Mahida and Dr. Haidar Abbas Masi for their support during LC-MS/MS profiling and data extraction.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eData Availability\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo new datasets were generated or analysed during this study.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHan, S. \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e Identification and evolution of the plant sulfotransferase family. \u003cem\u003eBMC Genomics\u003c/em\u003e 26, 895 (2025).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMaeda, H. A. Evolutionary Diversification of Primary Metabolism and Its Contribution to Plant Chemical Diversity. \u003cem\u003eFront. 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Bull.\u003c/em\u003e 7, 1\u0026ndash;6 (2021).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"plant-biosystems","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [Plant Biosystems](https://link.springer.com/journal/44473)","snPcode":"44473","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/44473/3?","title":"Plant Biosystems","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Tridax procumbens, UPLC-QTOF-MS, Phytochemical Profiling, Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction, Ethnopharmacology","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe continuous integration of herbal medicine into modern healthcare practices is a result of the profound evolutionary similarities found in the biochemical composition of plants and mammals. \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e L. is a highly resilient species that has established a deep foothold in traditional medicine for the treatment of physical injuries and physiological disorders. This plant has ethnologically been serving as an excellent example of the therapeutic potential phytochemicals derived from such type of plants. Despite the extensive traditional medicinal use of this plant, a fundamental obstacle to its development as a standardized herbal remedy has arisen due to the fragmented nature of its phytochemical profiling, a consequence of relying on conventional and limited analytical techniques. To bridge this existing knowledge gap and validate its historical human utility, this study systematically elucidated the secondary metabolites of \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e. Utilizing a continuous and eco-friendlier Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) technique with a solvent gradient of methanol, acetone, and dichloromethane (DCM), the plant's complex phytochemical matrix was efficiently isolated. Preliminary colorimetric analysis revealed an exceptionally dense concentration of therapeutic metabolites, with a Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of 550 mg QE/g, a Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of 150 mg GAE/g, and a Total Alkaloid Content (TAC) of 400 mg CE/g. Subsequent high-resolution UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis unveiled an unprecedented metabolomics profile, identifying 113 unique compounds; a defining characteristic of these compounds was the remarkable prominence of complex alkaloids, accompanied by a wide variety of flavonoids and phenolic acids. This definitive molecular characterization not only confirms the reliance of our ancestors on \u003cem\u003eTridax procumbens\u003c/em\u003e, but also provides a robust empirical foundation for its future clinical standardization as a sustainable resource for future generations of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant medicines.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profiling of Tridax procumbens using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS: Analyzing Effect of Solvents on Phytochemical Extraction","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-30 09:02:29","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9265586/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-15T15:12:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"79792803112596207693026137907228481255","date":"2026-05-05T09:25:01+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-29T16:25:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-28T08:36:16+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"231376013502559275221186269728510625151","date":"2026-04-20T20:17:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"160670731449143828930189668386947788757","date":"2026-04-20T17:11:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T16:17:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-03-31T03:44:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-31T03:44:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Plant Biosystems","date":"2026-03-30T10:24:37+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"plant-biosystems","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [Plant Biosystems](https://link.springer.com/journal/44473)","snPcode":"44473","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/44473/3?","title":"Plant Biosystems","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"dd7e5af2-5906-4171-9df5-1226fae94f73","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 30th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-15T15:12:07+00:00","index":31,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"79792803112596207693026137907228481255","date":"2026-05-05T09:25:01+00:00","index":30,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-29T16:25:59+00:00","index":27,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-30T09:02:30+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-30 09:02:29","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9265586","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9265586","identity":"rs-9265586","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}