Distributed network of optically pumped magnetometers for space weather monitoring

Distributed network of optically pumped magnetometers for space weather monitoring | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Distributed network of optically pumped magnetometers for space weather monitoring Marcin S. Mrozowski, Angus S. Bell, Paul F. Griffin, Dominic Hunter, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4723668/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Nov, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Spatial variation in the intensity of magnetospheric and ionospheric fluctuation during solar storms creates ground-induced currents, of importance in both infrastructure engineering and geophysical science. This activity is currently measured using a network of ground-based magnetometers, typically consisting of extensive installations at established observatory sites. We show that this network can be enhanced by the addition of remote quantum magnetometers which combine high sensitivity with intrinsic calibration. These nodes utilize scalable hardware and run independently of wired communication and power networks. We demonstrate that optically pumped magnetometers, utilizing mass-produced and miniaturized components, offer a single scalable sensor with the sensitivity and stability required for space weather observation. We describe the development and deployment of an off-grid magnetic sensing node, powered by a solar panel, present observed data from periods of low and high geomagnetic activity, and compare it to existing geomagnetic observatories. Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics/Quantum metrology Earth and environmental sciences/Space physics/Magnetospheric physics Physical sciences/Astronomy and planetary science/Space physics/Solar physics Physical sciences/Physics/Electronics photonics and device physics/Photonic devices Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanoscale devices/Sensors Physical sciences/Physics/Optical physics/Atom optics Physical sciences/Physics/Optical physics/Magneto optics Physical sciences/Physics/Optical physics/Quantum optics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Nov, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 04 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 29 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 12 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jul, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Jul, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 29 Jul, 2024 Editor invited by journal 29 Jul, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 11 Jul, 2024 First submitted to journal 11 Jul, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4723668","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":334338830,"identity":"b8955a64-eb65-47e6-8669-21498ca56f3a","order_by":0,"name":"Marcin S. 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