Electrocatalytic production of H2O2 using COF particle electrodes with Co-Ni bimetallic sites

Electrocatalytic production of H2O2 using COF particle electrodes with Co-Ni bimetallic sites | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Electrocatalytic production of H 2 O 2 using COF particle electrodes with Co-Ni bimetallic sites Tongxi Xu, Yuzhan Luo, Zihao Wang, Chenglong Wang, Hao Huo, Yaobin Huang, and 7 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7615754/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 21 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Electrocatalysis → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a common and important oxidizing agent, which is widely used in environmental protection fields. Electrochemical technology is the sustainable method for generating H 2 O 2 . In this study, a bimetallic Ni-Co site-loaded COF framework catalyst Co@phthalocyanine(PcNi)-tetrahydroxybenzene (THB) was synthesized, which was used as the particle electrodes in electrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) generation systems. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the Co@PcNi-THB particle electrodes featured the porous structure. The electrochemical active area of Co@PcNi-THB increased to (3.97 mF/cm 2 ), which was 2.39 times higher than that of PcNi-THB catalyst (1.66 mF/cm 2 ). The maximum H 2 O 2 yield of 3340 µmol/g was obtained with the addition of Co@PcNi-THB catalyst content of 10 mg, current density of 15 mA/cm 2 , pH 11.03, continuous stirring at 200 r/min using a magnetic stirrer, and 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte. The acidic atmosphere, Cl − and NO 3 − ions have the inhibitory effect on the H 2 O 2 yields. After five cycles of Co@PcNi-THB, the H 2 O 2 production decreased to 3153 µmol/g, and the retention ratio of Co in Co@PcNi-THB reduced to 94%. The synergistic Co-Ni effect generated by the introduction of the metal Co enhanced the two-electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2e − ORR) process. This study provides new insights for designing particle electrodes with bimetallic atomic synergistic effects. COF Co-Ni bimetallic sites electrocatalytic production H2O2 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 21 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Electrocatalysis → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 13 Oct, 2025 Reviews received at journal 13 Oct, 2025 Reviews received at journal 04 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 03 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 03 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 02 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 14 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7615754","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":529017291,"identity":"e9f3bf98-70e3-43a8-953b-985394636ea4","order_by":0,"name":"Tongxi Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tongxi","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":529017292,"identity":"e2f98257-7815-42ba-8a8a-a12c12eb7965","order_by":1,"name":"Yuzhan Luo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yuzhan","middleName":"","lastName":"Luo","suffix":""},{"id":529017293,"identity":"a4ffd423-2d33-464b-a31b-7de5e2d5d9b1","order_by":2,"name":"Zihao Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zihao","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":529017294,"identity":"76425e5c-d988-4524-b3df-1c6164fec3cc","order_by":3,"name":"Chenglong Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chenglong","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":529017295,"identity":"e0252380-bc6c-4062-a692-ec40e9dbca5d","order_by":4,"name":"Hao Huo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hao","middleName":"","lastName":"Huo","suffix":""},{"id":529017296,"identity":"0db2ba62-be71-450e-a6f4-058762ffbebd","order_by":5,"name":"Yaobin Huang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yaobin","middleName":"","lastName":"Huang","suffix":""},{"id":529017297,"identity":"b0f52f61-c91b-49fc-a16f-abbff08dfb54","order_by":6,"name":"Weijin Zheng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Weijin","middleName":"","lastName":"Zheng","suffix":""},{"id":529017298,"identity":"dd0e3755-0a77-4da6-b189-b1741410ca06","order_by":7,"name":"Guangli Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guangli","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":529017299,"identity":"c6e003a6-ce34-4f42-81a1-ec8ee9f754ba","order_by":8,"name":"Jiasheng Fang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiasheng","middleName":"","lastName":"Fang","suffix":""},{"id":529017300,"identity":"0a92a846-fe38-4074-b0c9-988b8081c36b","order_by":9,"name":"Yanliang Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yanliang","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":529017301,"identity":"f4aee8d5-7a38-4dec-a375-e9210dedbf74","order_by":10,"name":"Yongfu Qiu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of materials science and engineering, Dongguan University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yongfu","middleName":"","lastName":"Qiu","suffix":""},{"id":529017302,"identity":"4671263d-9a95-4db9-9a07-d6d74d71cae4","order_by":11,"name":"Guofen Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shenzhen Sinotsing Environmental Technologies Co. 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sites\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"electrocatalysis","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ecat","sideBox":"Learn more about [Electrocatalysis](http://link.springer.com/journal/12667)","snPcode":"12678","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12678/3","title":"Electrocatalysis","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"COF, Co-Ni bimetallic sites, electrocatalytic production, H2O2","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7615754/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7615754/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eHydrogen peroxide (H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e) is a common and important oxidizing agent, which is widely used in environmental protection fields. Electrochemical technology is the sustainable method for generating H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. In this study, a bimetallic Ni-Co site-loaded COF framework catalyst Co@phthalocyanine(PcNi)-tetrahydroxybenzene (THB) was synthesized, which was used as the particle electrodes in electrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e) generation systems. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the Co@PcNi-THB particle electrodes featured the porous structure. The electrochemical active area of Co@PcNi-THB increased to (3.97 mF/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e), which was 2.39 times higher than that of PcNi-THB catalyst (1.66 mF/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e). The maximum H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e yield of 3340 \u0026micro;mol/g was obtained with the addition of Co@PcNi-THB catalyst content of 10 mg, current density of 15 mA/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e, pH 11.03, continuous stirring at 200 r/min using a magnetic stirrer, and 0.1 M Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e electrolyte. The acidic atmosphere, Cl\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e and NO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e ions have the inhibitory effect on the H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e yields. After five cycles of Co@PcNi-THB, the H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e production decreased to 3153 \u0026micro;mol/g, and the retention ratio of Co in Co@PcNi-THB reduced to 94%. The synergistic Co-Ni effect generated by the introduction of the metal Co enhanced the two-electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2e\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003eORR) process. This study provides new insights for designing particle electrodes with bimetallic atomic synergistic effects.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Electrocatalytic production of H2O2 using COF particle electrodes with Co-Ni bimetallic sites","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-31 12:00:45","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7615754/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-10-13T17:55:01+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-13T07:31:50+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-05T03:19:55+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"2138910700226417103934814541850789925","date":"2025-10-05T00:17:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"326951034800638939783526903615956202434","date":"2025-10-04T00:40:44+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-04T00:18:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-10-02T08:13:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-10-02T08:13:01+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Electrocatalysis","date":"2025-09-15T03:10:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"electrocatalysis","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ecat","sideBox":"Learn more about [Electrocatalysis](http://link.springer.com/journal/12667)","snPcode":"12678","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12678/3","title":"Electrocatalysis","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0b32f586-06b0-410d-bf14-c239a4aabc0d","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 31st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-23T16:05:59+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7615754","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-026-01007-2","journal":{"identity":"electrocatalysis","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Electrocatalysis"},"publishedOn":"2026-02-21 15:59:31","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 21st, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-31 12:00:45","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s12678-026-01007-2","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-026-01007-2","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7615754","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7615754","identity":"rs-7615754","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}