Momentum-locked Spin in the Interplay Between Topological and Defect States: Periodic One-Dimensional Patterns on Bilayer Graphene

Momentum-locked Spin in the Interplay Between Topological and Defect States: Periodic One-Dimensional Patterns on Bilayer Graphene | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Momentum-locked Spin in the Interplay Between Topological and Defect States: Periodic One-Dimensional Patterns on Bilayer Graphene R. Guerrero-Avíles, A. Ayuela, Leonor Chico, W. Jaskólski, M. Pelc This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6521674/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Gating Bernal bilayer graphene breaks the inversion symmetry so that the stacking AB/BA boundaries within the gap reveal topologically protected states. In this study, we theoretically investigate arrays where the AB and BA domains are periodically patterned with experimentally identified defect lines. In the calculations we consider electron-electron interaction effects using density functional theory. Our findings reveal the existence of topological states within a gap induced by the patterning without an applied gate voltage. Furthermore, with an applied gate potential, the defect lines introduce spin-polarized states pinned within the gap and exhibit ferromagnetically coupled states. Importantly, we observe a hybridization of magnetic and topological states near the valleys that form conducting channels characterized by spin-momentum locking. The effect persists even with slight n-doping and gate voltage; however, the progressively pinned n-doped defect states induce spin polarization in the topological and valley states. Additionally, the two-dimensional bands under doping conditions exhibit nesting across the Fermi surface, allowing for modulation of charge densities along the lines which are nearly commensurate with the underlying graphene-defect lines. These quasi-one-dimensional patterns in bilayer graphene show a new kind of spin-conducting channels with novel characteristics common to both spintronics and valleytronics. Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed matter physics Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed matter physics/Electronic properties and materials Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed matter physics/Topological matter Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Graphene Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanoscale materials Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files ArraySientificReportsSI3.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 24 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 23 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 19 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 09 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 29 Apr, 2025 Editor invited by journal 29 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 28 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 24 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6521674","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":451095799,"identity":"465e35fe-6765-4be5-9358-59331e88acf3","order_by":0,"name":"R. 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