Kinetic study of the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine with dimethyl carbonate using sodium methoxide catalyst

Kinetic study of the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine with dimethyl carbonate using sodium methoxide catalyst | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Kinetic study of the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine with dimethyl carbonate using sodium methoxide catalyst Qing Zhang, Xinyu Du, Guirong Wang, Yanji Wang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7967279/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 06 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in Research on Chemical Intermediates → Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Pentamethylene-1,5-diisocyanate (PDI) is a novel raw material for producing high-performance polyurethane. The current industrial production method, the phosgene process, poses significant safety hazards and environmental pollution risks. Consequently, the non-phosgene methods for synthesizing isocyanates from amines and dimethyl carbonate have garnered attention. In this study, catalyst sodium methoxide was used for the efficient and green synthesis of pentamethylene-1,5-dicarbamate (PDC) via the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine (PDA) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The effects of reaction conditions on the synthesis of PDC were investigated. Under conditions of a PDA:DMC molar ratio of 1:3.5, 7wt.% sodium methoxide catalyst (based on the mass of PDA), a reaction temperature of 70°C, and a reaction time of 3 hours, the conversion of PDA and yield of PDC both reached 100%. A kinetic model for the synthesis of PDC was established, yielding activation energies of 30.3 kJ/mol and 42.2 kJ/mol for the first and second reaction steps, respectively. The kinetic model demonstrated excellent agreement with experimental data, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent applications of PDC. 1 5-pentanediamine pentamethylene-1 5-dicarbamate sodium methoxide kinetics methoxycarbonylation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files ZhangSupplementaryfile12025.10.28.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 06 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in Research on Chemical Intermediates → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 29 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 28 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 27 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 26 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 22 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Nov, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 28 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 28 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 27 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7967279","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":545343390,"identity":"8ed7edff-c99e-4486-ad9e-c364801b8f25","order_by":0,"name":"Qing Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hebei University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qing","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":545343391,"identity":"ca4515f8-d95c-4751-a775-b3c0fb2459a2","order_by":1,"name":"Xinyu Du","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hebei University of 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The current industrial production method, the phosgene process, poses significant safety hazards and environmental pollution risks. Consequently, the non-phosgene methods for synthesizing isocyanates from amines and dimethyl carbonate have garnered attention. In this study, catalyst sodium methoxide was used for the efficient and green synthesis of pentamethylene-1,5-dicarbamate (PDC) via the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine (PDA) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The effects of reaction conditions on the synthesis of PDC were investigated. Under conditions of a PDA:DMC molar ratio of 1:3.5, 7wt.% sodium methoxide catalyst (based on the mass of PDA), a reaction temperature of 70\u0026deg;C, and a reaction time of 3 hours, the conversion of PDA and yield of PDC both reached 100%. A kinetic model for the synthesis of PDC was established, yielding activation energies of 30.3 kJ/mol and 42.2 kJ/mol for the first and second reaction steps, respectively. The kinetic model demonstrated excellent agreement with experimental data, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent applications of PDC.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Kinetic study of the methoxycarbonylation of 1,5-pentanediamine with dimethyl carbonate using sodium methoxide catalyst","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-11-21 11:16:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7967279/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-30T01:07:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-28T12:23:31+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-27T08:34:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-26T05:11:54+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-22T14:31:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"44425754897439919333759943470329928235","date":"2025-11-14T10:10:15+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"218943406103338512069330758617786637950","date":"2025-11-13T22:51:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"149286580786464319806716254043428131848","date":"2025-11-13T09:54:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"125287165074708053518858808884459025765","date":"2025-11-13T09:30:06+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-11-12T01:16:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-10-28T09:25:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-10-28T09:23:57+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Research on Chemical Intermediates","date":"2025-10-28T03:11:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"research-on-chemical-intermediates","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"rint","sideBox":"Learn more about [Research on Chemical Intermediates](http://link.springer.com/journal/11164)","snPcode":"11164","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11164/3","title":"Research on Chemical Intermediates","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a30eb293-e4c5-47fc-874b-5401e5f994e9","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 21st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-12T16:01:41+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7967279","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-025-05900-1","journal":{"identity":"research-on-chemical-intermediates","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Research on Chemical Intermediates"},"publishedOn":"2026-01-06 15:57:34","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 6th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-11-21 11:16:12","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s11164-025-05900-1","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-025-05900-1","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7967279","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7967279","identity":"rs-7967279","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}