Effect of Feeding Sorgum Haylage (Plant) Supplemented with Concentrate on Growth Performance and Sensory Evaluation on West African Dwarf Bucks.

Effect of Feeding Sorgum Haylage (Plant) Supplemented with Concentrate on Growth Performance and Sensory Evaluation on West African Dwarf Bucks. | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effect of Feeding Sorgum Haylage (Plant) Supplemented with Concentrate on Growth Performance and Sensory Evaluation on West African Dwarf Bucks. JOSHUA OLUWADELE This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study evaluated the effects of supplementing sorghum haylage with different concentrate levels on the growth performance and sensory characteristics of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. The experiment involved four treatment groups: T1 (100% haylage), T2 (70% haylage + 30% concentrate), T3 (50% haylage + 50% concentrate), and T4 (30% haylage + 70% concentrate). The results demonstrated that concentrate supplementation significantly improved growth performance, with the highest final weight (11.54 kg) and average daily gain (53.26 g/day) observed in T2. This improvement was attributed to the higher energy and protein content in the concentrate, which complemented the low protein content of sorghum haylage. Conversely, the over-supplementation of concentrate in T4 resulted in lower growth performance, highlighting the importance of optimizing concentrate levels for efficient growth. Sensory evaluation of the meat also revealed that bucks in T2 had superior sensory attributes, including juiciness, flavor intensity, and overall acceptability, compared to those in T1 and T4. These results suggest that moderate concentrate supplementation (30%) not only enhances growth but also improves meat quality. The findings are consistent with previous studies indicating that concentrate supplementation improves feed utilization, growth rates, and meat quality in small ruminants. This study supports the use of strategic concentrate supplementation as a viable strategy for improving the productivity and profitability of WAD goats, especially in areas with limited grazing resources. Further research is recommended to evaluate the long-term effects of such feeding strategies. Keywords: Sorghum haylage, concentrate supplementation, growth performance, West African Dwarf goats, sensory evaluation Sorghum haylage concentrate supplementation growth performance West African Dwarf goats sensory evaluation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6794114","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":496394625,"identity":"69dd880a-85b6-41ae-8b4c-a37616bdce1a","order_by":0,"name":"JOSHUA OLUWADELE","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Federal University Oye Ekiti","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"JOSHUA","middleName":"","lastName":"OLUWADELE","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-01 06:38:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":94450644,"identity":"47285fc8-e12f-4a66-bf7f-3afb17e9b981","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:27","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":505489,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"EFFECTOFFEEDINGSORGUMHAYLAGEgrowthandsensoryCUBANEDITEDTODAY.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6794114/v1_covered_4f3fad03-8b6b-465a-ab64-2862bcb3c373.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eEffect of Feeding Sorgum Haylage (Plant) Supplemented with Concentrate on Growth Performance and Sensory Evaluation on West African Dwarf Bucks.\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sorghum haylage, concentrate supplementation, growth performance, West African Dwarf goats, sensory evaluation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"This study evaluated the effects of supplementing sorghum haylage with different concentrate levels on the growth performance and sensory characteristics of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. The experiment involved four treatment groups: T1 (100% haylage), T2 (70% haylage + 30% concentrate), T3 (50% haylage + 50% concentrate), and T4 (30% haylage + 70% concentrate). The results demonstrated that concentrate supplementation significantly improved growth performance, with the highest final weight (11.54 kg) and average daily gain (53.26 g/day) observed in T2. This improvement was attributed to the higher energy and protein content in the concentrate, which complemented the low protein content of sorghum haylage. Conversely, the over-supplementation of concentrate in T4 resulted in lower growth performance, highlighting the importance of optimizing concentrate levels for efficient growth. Sensory evaluation of the meat also revealed that bucks in T2 had superior sensory attributes, including juiciness, flavor intensity, and overall acceptability, compared to those in T1 and T4. These results suggest that moderate concentrate supplementation (30%) not only enhances growth but also improves meat quality. The findings are consistent with previous studies indicating that concentrate supplementation improves feed utilization, growth rates, and meat quality in small ruminants. This study supports the use of strategic concentrate supplementation as a viable strategy for improving the productivity and profitability of WAD goats, especially in areas with limited grazing resources. Further research is recommended to evaluate the long-term effects of such feeding strategies.\nKeywords: Sorghum haylage, concentrate supplementation, growth performance, West African Dwarf goats, sensory evaluation","manuscriptTitle":"Effect of Feeding Sorgum Haylage (Plant) Supplemented with Concentrate on Growth Performance and Sensory Evaluation on West African Dwarf Bucks.","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-27 11:31:28","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6794114/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c286b120-d4a2-4409-8ad3-4b4f979c8202","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 27th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-27T11:31:28+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-27 11:31:28","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6794114","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6794114","identity":"rs-6794114","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}