Changes in frontal band power and pupil diameter predict performance during motor imagery neurofeedback

Changes in frontal band power and pupil diameter predict performance during motor imagery neurofeedback | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 26 November 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Changes in frontal band power and pupil diameter predict performance during motor imagery neurofeedback Authors : Agustina Fragueiro 0000-0003-0172-4572 [email protected] , René-Paul Debroize , and Claire Cury 0000-0002-9903-7940 Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176414052.24357046/v1 128 views 81 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Neurofeedback (NF) offers potential for cognitive enhancement and brain rehabilitation, yet a substantial proportion of individuals fail to acquire self-regulation of brain activity. Task engagement, strongly linked to attentional focus and arousal, is a critical determinant of NF success. Frontal theta and alpha band oscillations, as well as pupil diameter and skin conductance responses are known to reflect attentional control, cognitive workload and arousal, all of which influence task performance. The present study investigates the relationship between frontal theta and alpha power, pupil diameter and skin conductance with performance during motor imagery NF training. By examining these multimodal physiological markers, we aimed at identifying reliable indicators of cognitive engagement and predictors of NF performance. Our findings indicate that fluctuations in NF performance are systematically associated with distinct psychophysiological changes within individuals, but also globally at a group level. Frontal theta synchronization, alpha desynchronization and pupil diameter were strongly related to NF performance. Notably, alpha desynchronization and pupil diameter emerged as significant predictors of the individual performance level, with stronger frontal alpha desynchronization and increased pupil diameter predicting higher performance. Our results suggest the potential of theta synchronization, alpha desynchronization and pupil diameter as dynamic markers of engagement and performance during NF sessions. Supplementary Material File (manuscript.docx) Download 1.90 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 26 November 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Authors Affiliations Agustina Fragueiro 0000-0003-0172-4572 [email protected] Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du NumeRique View all articles by this author René-Paul Debroize Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du NumeRique View all articles by this author Claire Cury 0000-0002-9903-7940 Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du NumeRique View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 128 views 81 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Agustina Fragueiro, René-Paul Debroize, Claire Cury. Changes in frontal band power and pupil diameter predict performance during motor imagery neurofeedback. Authorea . 26 November 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176414052.24357046/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. 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