Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Properties of Independently and Arbitrarily Tunable Multiplexed Compound Supercell Gratings

Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Properties of Independently and Arbitrarily Tunable Multiplexed Compound Supercell Gratings | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Properties of Independently and Arbitrarily Tunable Multiplexed Compound Supercell Gratings Aibibula Abudula, YuYang Fang, Hairegu Tuxun, Paerhatijiang Tuersun This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723401/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 12 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In terms of resonant characteristic regulation, although traditional micro- and nanostructures have been extensively investigated, achieving independent and arbitrary tuning of resonant position and intensity remains a significant challenge. Even in cases where certain structures allow for independent modulation, overlapping resonant modes often reduce the efficiency of light capture and absorption. To address this issue, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) multi-period Supercell structure capable of efficiently and independently controlling optical properties across multiple resonant wavelengths. Based on the waveguide resonant mode, by precisely adjusting structural parameters, the enhanced local field can be confined within individual periodic units, thereby enabling independent and arbitrary control over multiple resonant wavelengths. Under TM polarization, when the refractive index increases from 1.05 to 1.3 (Δ n = 0.05), the resonance rate intensity changes are (Δ R ₁, Δ R ₂) = (0.13, 0.03), and the resonant wavelength shifts are (Δ λ ₁, Δ λ₂) = (7.4, 10.2) nm. The corresponding refractive index sensitivity is ( S 1, S 2) = (149, 204) nm/RIU. This study not only provides new insights into the design of photoluminescent materials but also facilitates the integration of multiple devices, such as multi-band independently and arbitrarily controllable optical filters, sensors, and photodetectors, within a broad spectral range, making it suitable for detecting multiple single analytes. Physical sciences/Materials science Physical sciences/Optics and photonics Physical sciences/Physics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 12 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 12 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 10 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 03 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 06 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 06 Oct, 2025 Editor invited by journal 06 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 01 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7723401","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":531691463,"identity":"b63e9ae1-e917-4e43-89cb-81505a9b433b","order_by":0,"name":"Aibibula Abudula","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Xinjiang Hetian College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Aibibula","middleName":"","lastName":"Abudula","suffix":""},{"id":531691464,"identity":"84d071f2-e688-472a-b3f5-729dfc449596","order_by":1,"name":"YuYang Fang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Xinjiang Hetian 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Gratings","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723401/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723401/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn terms of resonant characteristic regulation, although traditional micro- and nanostructures have been extensively investigated, achieving independent and arbitrary tuning of resonant position and intensity remains a significant challenge. Even in cases where certain structures allow for independent modulation, overlapping resonant modes often reduce the efficiency of light capture and absorption. To address this issue, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) multi-period Supercell structure capable of efficiently and independently controlling optical properties across multiple resonant wavelengths. Based on the waveguide resonant mode, by precisely adjusting structural parameters, the enhanced local field can be confined within individual periodic units, thereby enabling independent and arbitrary control over multiple resonant wavelengths. Under TM polarization, when the refractive index increases from 1.05 to 1.3 (Δ\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.05), the resonance rate intensity changes are (Δ\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e₁, Δ\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e₂) = (0.13, 0.03), and the resonant wavelength shifts are (Δ\u003cem\u003eλ\u003c/em\u003e₁, \u003cem\u003eΔ\u003c/em\u003eλ₂) = (7.4, 10.2) nm. The corresponding refractive index sensitivity is (\u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e1, \u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e2) = (149, 204) nm/RIU. This study not only provides new insights into the design of photoluminescent materials but also facilitates the integration of multiple devices, such as multi-band independently and arbitrarily controllable optical filters, sensors, and photodetectors, within a broad spectral range, making it suitable for detecting multiple single analytes.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Properties of Independently and Arbitrarily Tunable Multiplexed Compound Supercell Gratings","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-20 17:20:57","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723401/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-12T18:19:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-11T03:18:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-03T09:37:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"326087519945537147864440122473124108869","date":"2025-11-03T01:09:15+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-18T17:49:00+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"283128752290926048810440507057017927251","date":"2025-10-08T20:43:02+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"251244896860554220373333734246524910216","date":"2025-10-08T04:44:16+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-07T03:37:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-10-07T03:35:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-06T12:17:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-10-02T10:25:35+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-10-01T17:17:52+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"af673e82-d9c5-4dac-9e4c-05f48a500d33","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 20th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":56527236,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science"},{"id":56527237,"name":"Physical sciences/Optics and photonics"},{"id":56527238,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-19T17:24:59+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7723401","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33681-5","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2026-01-12 16:30:06","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 12th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-20 17:20:57","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-025-33681-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33681-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7723401","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7723401","identity":"rs-7723401","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}