Cistitis glandularis. Reporte de un caso y revisión académica

Glandular cystitis (CG), or glandular metaplasia of the bladder, is a benign reactive metaplasia of the urothelium, not real cystitis. It is a pathology that has attracted the attention of many authors since it was first described in 1809 by Stocrek (1), with an incidence of less than 1%. It is described as a proliferative lesion of the bladder epithelium that occurs in a context of chronic irritation. Exposure in a clinical case of agenesis of glandular cystitis diagnosed intraoperatively, in addition to addressing its management and a literature review. A 27-year-old female patient who started a current illness 3 months before her evaluation, pain performance in moderate intensity hypogastrium associated with menstruation, dysuria, intermittent hematuria and bladder tenesmus. Patient without significant medical or epidemiological background. A pelvic echo-sonogram is performed, showing a lesion in the intravesical space. Urethrocystoscopy: elevated lesion, single papillary, erythematous, with irregular contours, supratrigonal, approximately 2 cm from the intermeatal rod. Treatment: transurethral bladder resection (TURB) with bipolar energy. Biopsy: Invaginations of transitional epithelium with glandular formations, thickened muscle layer, inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate in lamina propria, without atypia, compatible with glandular cystitis. Subsequently, due to the persistence of pelvic symptoms, studies were performed showing ovarian endometriosis that required surgical resolution of bilateral oophorectomy. GC is a pathology that should not be ruled out in the presence of a lesion in the intravesical space. The diagnosis is through anatomo-pathological study, the standard treatment is transurethral bladder resection (TURB), which has been reported good clinical results. The importance of this lesion is less worldwide and is its premalignant potential for bladder adenocarcinoma, and its current little relationship with endometriosis, patient monitoring must be strict.