Scar endometriosis: a mystery entity

Jyoti Kankanala
In: International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2021 · vol. 10(5) , pp. 2075 · doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211543 · W4245426084
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Caesarean scar endometriosis, a misplaced active endometrial tissue presenting variably, requires suspicion-based imaging and biopsy for diagnosis and patient counseling.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10 · read from full text ⓘ

This paper describes scar endometriosis as active endometrial tissue located in a surgical scar outside the uterine cavity, with particular emphasis on caesarean scar endometriosis that can follow procedures such as caesarean sections or hysterectomies. It states that diagnosis relies on proper history, clinical examination, and suspicion-based imaging, and highlights that the timing of presentation is variable and can make recognition difficult, while convincing patients about active ectopic glands may be challenging. The paper emphasizes that appropriate imaging and biopsy are needed to support a thorough counselling and management approach, noting the diagnostic uncertainty when suspicion is not high. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses specifically on scar (including caesarean scar) endometriosis.

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Abstract

Scar Endometriosis is described as having an active endometrial tissue at the scar area outside the uterine cavity. Corner stone for diagnosis is proper history, clinical examination and suspicion-based imaging. Caesarean scar endometriosis (CSE) usually seen following procedures like caesarean sections, hysterectomies. Time of presentation can be very variable so yet times difficult to suspect. Once suspected Convincing patient that they have active glands other than in uterine cavity is not easy. Hence proper imaging and biopsy is needed to backup for thorough counselling and treatment to improve the quality of life.
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Scar endometriosis: a mystery entity DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211543Keywords: Endometriosis, Ectopic endometriosis, Scar endometriosis, Painful scarAbstract Scar Endometriosis is described as having an active endometrial tissue at the scar area outside the uterine cavity. Corner stone for diagnosis is proper history, clinical examination and suspicion-based imaging. Caesarean scar endometriosis (CSE) usually seen following procedures like caesarean sections, hysterectomies. Time of presentation can be very variable so yet times difficult to suspect. Once suspected Convincing patient that they have active glands other than in uterine cavity is not easy. Hence proper imaging and biopsy is needed to backup for thorough counselling and treatment to improve the quality of life. Metrics References Zhang P, Sun Y, Zhang C, Yang Y, Zyang L, Wang N, et al. Caesarean scar endometriosis: presentation of 198 cases and literature review. BMC Women's Health. 2019;19:14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Practice bulletin no. 114- management of endometriosis. Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2010;116(1)223-6. Bektaş H, Bilsel Y, Sar YS, Feyzhulla E, Oguz K, Deniz M, et al. Abdominal wall endometrioma; a 10-year experience and brief review of the literature, J of Surg Res. 2010;164(1):77-81. Mistrangelo M, Gilbo N, Cassoni P, Micalef S, Faletti R, Miglietta C, et al. Surgical scar endometriosis. Surg Today. 2014;44(4):767-72. Paşalega M, Mirea C, Vîlcea ID, Vasile IE, Pleşea FC, Meşină C et al. Parietal abdominal endometriosis following cesarean section. Rom J of Morphol and Embryol, 2011;52(1):503-8. Marquez JC, Márquez J, Arratzoa JA, Pérez G, Espinoza A. Endometriosis extrapelviana de ubicación perineal. Rev Chil Obste Ginecol. 1995;60(1):1-4. Leite GKC, De Carvalho LFP, Korkes H, Guazzelli TF, Kenj G, Viana ADT. Scar endometrioma following obstetric surgical incisions: retrospective study on 33 cases and review of the literature. Sao Paulo Med J. 2009;127(5):270-7. Horton JD, DeZee KJ, Ahnfeldt EP, Wagner M. Abdominal wall endometriosis: a surgeon's perspective and review of 445 cases. Am J of Surg. 2008;196(2):207-12. Emre A, Akbulut S, Yilmaz M, Bozdag Z. Laparoscopic trocar port site endometriosis: a case report and brief literature review, Int Surg, 2012;97(2):135-9. Ideyi SC, Schein M, Niazi M and Gerst PH. Spontaneous endometriosis of the abdominal wall. Dig Surg. 2003;20(3):246-8.

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