Gynecologic ultrasonography: recent advances and research in various technical modalities

J. Drobny
In: Reports in Medical Imaging · 2010 · pp. 83 · doi:10.2147/rmi.s8391 · W1982946626
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This review details recent advances in gynecologic sonography techniques for evaluating uterine, endometrial, and adnexal pathologies, including novel three-dimensional modalities and the ongoing challenge of differentiating benign from malignant gynecologic tumors.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 · read from full text ⓘ

This paper is a review of recent advances and clinical research in gynecologic ultrasonography, focusing on uterine cavity lesions, endometrial abnormalities, adnexal masses (including endometriosis), and ectopic pregnancy, with discussion of both sonographic features and technical modalities. It highlights new approaches such as mean gray value assessment, evaluation of tissue echogenicity, assessment of the intact endometrial midline echo in ectopic pregnancy, and gel instillation sonography, along with novel 3D/advanced techniques like virtual navigation, multislice tomosonography, volumetry with virtual organ computer-aided analysis, 3D power Doppler, and space reconstruction. The review notes that clinical research has investigated sonographic features for benign versus malignant pathology, but also states that no exact sonographic features are currently available to reliably distinguish benign from malignant gynecologic tumors. Relevance to endometriosis: the review explicitly includes endometriosis among adnexal masses and discusses sonographic evaluation and modes for endometriosis alongside other gynecologic conditions, though it is primarily a broad technical review rather than an endometriosis-focused study.

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Abstract

Abstract: This paper reviews clinical research in gynecologic sonography, focussing on uterine cavity lesions, endometrial abnormalities and adnexal masses (including endometriosis), and ectopic pregnancy. For each topic, detection of sonographic pathologic features and sonographic mode are discussed, as well as the latest applications of sonodiagnostic methods, and relevant topics in clinical research. A new approach to evaluation of sonographic structures can be seen, including for borderline mucinous and serous ovarian tumors, in mean gray value, evaluation of grade of tissue echogenicity, evaluation of intact endometrial midline echo in ectopic pregnancy, and application of gel instillation sonography. Novel sonographic three-dimensional modalities, such as virtual navigation through three orthogonal planes, multislice tomosonography, volumetry by a virtual organ computer-aided analysis system, three-dimensional power Doppler, and space reconstruction of structures enable gynecologic diagnoses to be made more exactly. Clinical research investigates different sonographic features in benign and malignant gynecologic pathology. For studies of typical signs of benign uterine fibroids, endometrial volume, and vascularization of malignant endometrial tumors, as well as typical benign adnexal structures, the ovarian crescent sign were performed. At this time, no exact sonographic features for distinguishing between benign and malignant gynecologic tumors are available. Keywords: sonography, uterine cavity lesions, endometrial abnormalities, adnexal masses
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Abstract

This paper reviews clinical research in gynecologic sonography, focussing on uterine cavity lesions, endometrial abnormalities and adnexal masses (including endometriosis), and ectopic pregnancy. For each topic, detection of sonographic pathologic features and sonographic mode are discussed, as well as the latest applications of sonodiagnostic methods, and relevant topics in clinical research. A new approach to evaluation of sonographic structures can be seen, including for borderline mucinous and serous ovarian tumors, in mean gray value, evaluation of grade of tissue echogenicity, evaluation of intact endometrial midline echo in ectopic pregnancy, and application of gel instillation sonography. Novel sonographic three-dimensional modalities, such as virtual navigation through three orthogonal planes, multislice tomosonography, volumetry by a virtual organ computer-aided analysis system, three-dimensional power Doppler, and space reconstruction of structures enable gynecologic diagnoses to be made more exactly. Clinical research investigates different sonographic features in benign and malignant gynecologic pathology. For studies of typical signs of benign uterine fibroids, endometrial volume, and vascularization of malignant endometrial tumors, as well as typical benign adnexal structures, the ovarian crescent sign were performed. At this time, no exact sonographic features for distinguishing between benign and malignant gynecologic tumors are available.

Keywords

sonography, uterine cavity lesions, endometrial abnormalities, adnexal masses © 2010 The Author(s). This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, 3.0) License. By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.

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endometriosis

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