CariogenicStreptococcus mutansproduces strain-specific antibiotics that impair commensal colonization

Streptococcus mutans is a common constituent of dental plaque and an etiologic agent of dental caries (tooth decay). Here we elucidate a biosynthetic pathway, encoded by globally distributed strains of S. mutans , which produces a series of bioactive small molecules including reutericyclin and two N -acyl tetramic acid analogues active against oral commensal bacteria. This pathway may provide S. mutans with a competitive advantage, promoting dysbiosis and caries pathogenesis.