Gynecologic Pathology

Gynecologic pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology that studies and makes diagnoses of diseases of the female genital tract. Some gynecologic pathologists include breast pathology in their subspecialty practice while others focus only on the organs that form part of the female genital tract from the vulva to the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Gynecologic pathologists work closely with gynecologists and radiologists in their subspecialty areas to make diagnoses of difficult and unusual cases. Many studies have shown that sex hormones such as estrogens and specific subtypes of viruses are implicated in the pathogenesis of vaginal and cervical cancers. Studies on the pathogenesis and manifestation of these conditions by pathologists, gynecologists, and other researches have supported these observations. Some of the topics discussed in this chapter include: clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix, carcinoma of the cevix, endometrial adenocarcinoma, serous ovarian carcinoma, and endometriosis. Access this chapter Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Similar content being viewed by others

Herbst AL, Cole P, Norusis MJ, et al. Epidemiologic aspects and factors related to survival in 384 registry cases of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix. AJ Obstet Gynecol. 1979;135(7):876–86. Herbst AL, Scully RE. Adenocarcinoma of the vagina in young women. A report of 7 cases including clear cell carcinomas (so-call mesonephromas). Cancer. 1970;25:745–57. Herbst AL, Ulfelder H, Poskanzer DC. Adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Association of maternal stilbestrol therapy with tumor appearance in young women. New Engl J Med. 1971;284(15):878–81. Robboy SJ, Young RH, Welch NR, et al. Atypical vaginal adenosis and cervical ectropion. Association with clear cell adenocarcinoma in diethylstilbestrol-exposed offspring. Cancer. 1984;54(5):869–75. Stoler MH. Human papilloma virus and cervical neoplasia. Human papilloma virus and cervical neoplasia: a model for carcinogenesis. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2006;19:16–28. Thompson J 3rd, Thomas LK, Shroyer KP. Human papilloma virus: molecular and cytologic/histologic aspects related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2008;39:54–166. Nuovo CJ. Human papilloma virus DNA in genital tract lesions histologically negative for condyloma. Analysis by in situ, southern blot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14:643–51. Miller RA, Waters LL, Mody DR, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a cytology-histology-human papillomavirus correlation in Chinese practice. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(6):776–81. Stelzle D, Tanaka LF, Lee KK, et al. Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9(2):e161–9. Castle PE, Xie X, Xue X, et al. Impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on the clinical meaning of cervical screening results. Prev Med. 2019;118:44–50. Noumoff JS, Faruqi S. Endometrial adenocarcinoma. Microsc Res Tech. 1993;25(3):246–54. Sanderson PA, Critchley HOD, Williams ARW. New concepts of an old problem: the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Hum Reprod Update. 2017;23(2):232–54. Gibson DA, Simitsidellis I, Collins F, Sanders PTK, Androgens, oestrogens and endometrium. A fine balance between perfection and pathology. J Endocrinol. 2020;246(3):R75–93. Feeley KM, Wells M. Precursor lesions of ovarian epithelial malignancy. Histopathology. 2001;38:87–95. Crum CP, Drapkin R, Kindelberger D, et al. Lessons from BRCA: the tubal fimbria emerges as an origin for pelvic serous cancer. Clin Med Res. 2007;5:35–44. Salvador S, Gilks B, Kobel M, et al. The fallopian tube: primary site of most pelvic high-grade serous carcinomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2009;19:58–64. Lisio M-A, Fu L, Goyereche A, et al. High-grade serous ovarian cancer: basic sciences, clinical and therapeutic standpoints. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(4):952–6. Kindelberger DW, Lee Y, Miron A, et al. Intraepithelial carcinoma of the fimbria and pelvic serous carcinoma. Evidence for a causal relationship. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:161–9. Network GGAR. Integrated genomic analysis of ovarian carcinoma. Nature. 2011;474:609–15. Vercellini P, Vigano P, Somigliana E, et al. Endometriosis: pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10:261–75. Anglesio MS, Papadopoules N, Aylan A, et al. Cancer-associated mutations in endometriosis without cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(19):1835–48. Wei JJ, William J, Bulun S. Endometriosis and ovarian cancer: a review of clinical, pathologic and molecular aspects. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2011;30:553–68. Young RH. Scully, Robert E. (1921-2012). In: Louis DN, Young RH, editors. Keen minds to explore the dark continents of disease. A history of the pathology service at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Boston: Mass Gen Hospital & Harvard Medical School; 2011. p. 134–46. Young RH, Scully, Robert E. (1921–2012). In: van den Tweel JG, editor. Pioneers in pathology. In: van Krieken JHJM, series editor. Encyclopedia of pathology. Cham:Springer; 2017. pp. 479–481. Young RH, Mills SE, Wick MR. In memoriam. Robert E. Scully, MD 1921-2012. Am J Clin Pathol. 2013;139:126. Talerman A, Robert Scully MD. A pathologist’s perspective. Hum Pathol. 1991;22(8):747–9. Young RH. Robert Scully MD. Am J Surg Patholog. 2013;37:464–8. Young RH, Oliva E, Scully RE. Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. A clinicopathological analysis of 150 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1994;18:1102–16. Scully RE. Gonadoblastoma. A review of 74 cases. Cancer. 1970;25:1340–56. Young RH, Dickerson GR, Scully RE. Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. A clinicopathological study of 125 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1984;8:575–96. Young RH, An interview of Robert J Kurman, MD. Learning, teaching, passing the torch. Int J Gynecol. Pathology. 2018;37(1):1–16. Kurman RJ, Young RH, Main CS, et al. Immunocytochemical localization of placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotropin in the normal placenta and trophoblastic tumors with emphasis on intermediate trophoblast and the placental site trophoblastic tumor. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1984;3:101–21. Shih I-M, Kurman RJ. Ovarian tumorigenesis: a proposed model based on morphological and molecular genetic analysis. Am J Pathol. 2004;164:1511–8. Kurman RJ, Shih I-M. The dualistic model of ovarian carcinogenesis. Revisited, revised and expanded. Am J Pathol. 2016;186:733–47. Kurman RJ, Shih I-M. Molecular pathogenesis and extraovarian origin of epithelial ovarian cancer – shifting the paradigm. Hum Pathol. 2011;42(7):918–31. Author information Authors and Affiliations Rights and permissions Copyright information © 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG About this chapter Cite this chapter Lloyd, R.V. (2023). Gynecologic Pathology. In: Pathology: Historical and Contemporary Aspects. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39554-3_6 Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39554-3_6 Published: Publisher Name: Springer, Cham Print ISBN: 978-3-031-39553-6 Online ISBN: 978-3-031-39554-3 eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)