Screening of Resistance Alleles to PVY in Turkish Potato Clones and Exploring the Reactions to Recombinant PVY

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the resistance of commercially cultivated potato varieties and advanced potato breeding lines in Turkey to Potato Virus Y (PVY) using Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS). Additionally, the study examined the reactions of these varieties and breeding lines to recombinant PVY races. The presence of Rysto and Ryadg extreme resistance genes was determined using the YES 3-3A, YES3-3B, RYSC4, and RYSC3 SCAR markers. To assess the responses of potato breeding lines to various PVY races, mechanical inoculation was conducted on potato breeding lines as well as Nicotiana glutinosa plants. The MAS technique was employed to examine the resistance to PVY in commonly cultivated potato varieties and potential breeding lines. The MAS process revealed that all tested varieties and candidate breeding lines exhibited positive results exclusively when assessed using the YES3-3B primer for the identification of the Rysto resistance allele. Certain cultivars and candidate breeding lines exhibited positive effects when subjected to the YES3A primer, whereas no results were observed when the RYSC3 and RYSC4 primers were employed. The mechanical inoculation process involved the utilization of two distinct recombinant races, namely S9-10 (PVYNTN) and B1 (PVYN-Wi) isolates. These races were identified through PCR studies that focused on protein regions. The purpose of the greenhouse-based mechanical inoculation studies was to investigate the symptoms induced by two distinct races in various candidate breeding lines. The plants that were inoculated with PVYNwi exhibited symptoms such as yellowing, mild mosaic, and deformities. The emergence of mosaic symptoms was initially observed in plants that were infected with PVYNTN. Subsequently, a drying phenomenon was observed in the lower leaves of these plants. The findings of this study indicated that the breeding lines possessed the Rysto resistance gene. However, this particular allele did not effectively differentiate resistant individuals when subjected to mechanical inoculations.