Simulation of atmospheric dispersion of Styrene Gas leak accident at LG Polymers Visakhapatnam using Buoyancy modified FLEXPART-WRF model

Simulation of atmospheric dispersion of Styrene Gas leak accident at LG Polymers Visakhapatnam using Buoyancy modified FLEXPART-WRF model | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Simulation of atmospheric dispersion of Styrene Gas leak accident at LG Polymers Visakhapatnam using Buoyancy modified FLEXPART-WRF model Shanu Karmakar, Srinivas C.V., Rakesh P.T., Srivani L. This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8163344/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The FLEXPART-WRF model is modified for buoyant gases and used in the Chemical Emergency Response System (CERS) for chemical impact and consequence assessment for decision support in the event of accidental releases at industrial sites. In this work we validate this modified dispersion model by simulating the Styrene gas leak accident at Visakhapatnam, India. We configure the domain with 1km grid resolution and 6-hourly NCEP-FNL data at 0.25°. Data of local meteorological condition, release rate, concentration levels, threat zone etc. are available from High-Power Committee Report (HPCR) of Andhra Pradesh Government. Simulation shows agreement with estimates by HPCR in terms of prevailing wind direction towards North-Northeast, prevailing Pasquill-Gifford stability category of E and F during the initial accident hours. Simulated temperature and humidity also show good agreement with local station data and radiosonde data. The simulated concentration levels with buoyancy corrected model, corresponding to Acute Exposure Guideline Level-3 (> 1500 ppm) and Level-2 (100-1000ppm) is distributed within ~ 430m and ~ 1100m from the release location. These identified distances from the simulation agree reasonably well with HPCR estimates of ~ 398m and ~ 1144m using USEPA’s ALOHA gas dispersion model. The study also finds excellent agreement with concentration time-trend as measured at two locations in north-east and north-west direction from release location during the accident. The present study hence enhances confidence in using the modified FLEXPART-WRF model for buoyant dispersion events. FLEXPART-WRF Chemical Emergency Styrene Release Vizag Gas Leak Buoyancy Heavy Gas Dispersion Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 11 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 29 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Dec, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 04 Dec, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Nov, 2025 First submitted to journal 20 Nov, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8163344","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":557454905,"identity":"23409a9d-285d-4799-97b0-8ed5124aae9b","order_by":0,"name":"Shanu 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These identified distances from the simulation agree reasonably well with HPCR estimates of ~ 398m and ~ 1144m using USEPA’s ALOHA gas dispersion model. The study also finds excellent agreement with concentration time-trend as measured at two locations in north-east and north-west direction from release location during the accident. The present study hence enhances confidence in using the modified FLEXPART-WRF model for buoyant dispersion events.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Simulation of atmospheric dispersion of Styrene Gas leak accident at LG Polymers Visakhapatnam using Buoyancy modified FLEXPART-WRF model","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-10 05:25:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8163344/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-01-12T02:07:15+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-29T13:02:00+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-18T16:21:14+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"181824932498054107342513193615463293831","date":"2025-12-10T12:16:38+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"321600824596208783598731312737180792013","date":"2025-12-09T07:58:34+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-08T06:43:17+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-12-05T04:35:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-11-25T11:14:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Environmental Modeling \u0026 Assessment","date":"2025-11-20T09:57:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-modeling-and-assessment","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"enmo","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Modeling \u0026 Assessment](https://www.springer.com/journal/10666)","snPcode":"10666","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10666/3","title":"Environmental Modeling \u0026 Assessment","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fba1f6cb-2c66-457a-a533-d510de678d3f","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 10th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-22T07:10:12+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-10 05:25:44","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8163344","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8163344","identity":"rs-8163344","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}